{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T17:21:11Z","timestamp":1783012871726,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773964800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004721","name":"The University of Tokyo","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004721","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-026-05473-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T00:41:16Z","timestamp":1773967276000},"page":"1929-1939","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Optimal vancomycin AUC24\/MIC ratio for predicting clinical outcomes in patients with glycopeptide-susceptible Enterococcus faecium bacteremia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Ryo","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takehito","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sohei","family":"Harada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayu","family":"Shibuya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miyuki","family":"Mizoguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshimi","family":"Higurashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Miyata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Ogiue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeya","family":"Tsutsumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tappei","family":"Takada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"5473_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12236","volume":"20","author":"M Pinholt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pinholt M, Ostergaard C, Arpi M et al (2014) Incidence, clinical characteristics and 30-day mortality of enterococcal bacteraemia in Denmark 2006\u20132009: a population-based cohort study. Clin Microbiol Infect 20(2):145\u2013151. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1469-0691.12236","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"4","key":"5473_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E181","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12132","volume":"19","author":"AL Cheah","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cheah AL, Spelman T, Liew D et al (2013) Enterococcal bacteraemia: factors influencing mortality, length of stay and costs of hospitalization. Clin Microbiol Infect 19(4):E181\u2013189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1469-0691.12132","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"1","key":"5473_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-009-0830-5","volume":"29","author":"SJ McBride","year":"2010","unstructured":"McBride SJ, Upton A, Roberts SA (2010) Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium bacteraemia\u2013a five-year retrospective review. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 29(1):107\u2013114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10096-009-0830-5","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"5473_CR4","unstructured":"CDC. Antibiotic Resistance Threats in The United States (2019) https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/drugresistance\/pdf\/threats-report\/2019-ar-threats-report-508.pdf. Accessed 10 Oct 2025"},{"key":"5473_CR5","unstructured":"ECDC, WHO Europe. Antimicrobial resistance surveillance in Europe 2023 (2021 data) (2023) https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/Antimicrobial%20resistance%20surveillance%20in%20Europe%202023%20-%202021%20data.pdf. Accessed 19 Sept 2025"},{"issue":"11","key":"5473_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2019.06.010","volume":"25","author":"C Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu C, Yoon EJ, Kim D et al (2019) Antimicrobial resistance in South Korea: A report from the Korean global antimicrobial resistance surveillance system (Kor-GLASS) for 2017. J Infect Chemother 25(11):845\u2013859. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiac.2019.06.010","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"key":"5473_CR7","unstructured":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Japan Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (JANIS). Open Report 2023 (2022) Clinical Laboratory Division. Published March 1, 2023. https:\/\/janis.mhlw.go.jp\/english\/report\/open_report\/2023\/3\/1\/ken_Open_Report_Eng_202300_clsi2012.pdf. Accessed 10 Oct 2025"},{"issue":"5","key":"5473_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2019.11.011","volume":"27","author":"S Arakawa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases\/Japanese Society of Chemotherapy TJJSCGGtCMoIDPCSwg, Arakawa S, Kasai M, Kawai S, Sakata H, Mayumi T (2021) The JAID\/JSC guidelines for management of infectious diseases 2017 - Sepsis and catheter-related bloodstream infection. J Infect Chemother 27(5):657\u2013677. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiac.2019.11.011","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"issue":"3","key":"5473_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.10.029","volume":"27","author":"E Del Rosselli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Del Rosselli E, Bartoletti M, Dahl A, Cervera C, Pericas JM (2021) How do I manage a patient with enterococcal bacteraemia? Clin Microbiol Infect 27(3):364\u2013371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.10.029","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"5473_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S35","DOI":"10.1086\/491712","volume":"42","author":"MJ Rybak","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rybak MJ (2006) The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of vancomycin. Clin Infect Dis 42(Suppl 1):S35\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/491712","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"5473_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa303","volume":"71","author":"MJ Rybak","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rybak MJ, Le J, Lodise TP et al (2020) Therapeutic Monitoring of Vancomycin for Serious Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections: A Revised Consensus Guideline and Review by the American Society of Health-system Pharmacists, the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, and the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists. Clin Infect Dis 71(6):1361\u20131364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciaa303","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"5473_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Matsumoto K, Oda K, Shoji K et al (2022) Clinical practice guidelines for therapeutic drug monitoring of vancomycin in the framework of model-informed precision dosing: a consensus review by the Japanese society of chemotherapy and the Japanese society of therapeutic drug monitoring. Pharmaceutics 14(3). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics14030489","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14030489"},{"issue":"3","key":"5473_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01602","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01602-17","volume":"62","author":"MTB Jumah","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jumah MTB, Vasoo S, Menon SR, De PP, Neely M, Teng CB (2018) Pharmacokinetic\/Pharmacodynamic Determinants of Vancomycin Efficacy in Enterococcal Bacteremia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 62(3):e01602\u201301617. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AAC.01602-17","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"2","key":"5473_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy064","volume":"67","author":"M Beganovic","year":"2018","unstructured":"Beganovic M, Luther MK, Rice LB, Arias CA, Rybak MJ, LaPlante KL (2018) A Review of Combination Antimicrobial Therapy for Enterococcus faecalis Bloodstream Infections and Infective Endocarditis. Clin Infect Dis 67(2):303\u2013309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciy064","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"5473_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00788","volume":"7","author":"AM Guzman Prieto","year":"2016","unstructured":"Guzman Prieto AM, van Schaik W, Rogers MR, Coque TM, Baquero F, Corander J, Willems RJ (2016) Global Emergence and Dissemination of Enterococci as Nosocomial Pathogens: Attack of the Clones? Front Microbiol 7:788. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00788","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"5473_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116961","volume":"113","author":"Y Hanai","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hanai Y, Matsumoto K, Hanawa K et al (2025) Prediction of treatment success in patients with Enterococcus faecium bacteremia using vancomycin AUC(24)\/MIC ratio: A multicenter retrospective study. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 113(2):116961. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116961","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"5473_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2023.07.010","volume":"29","author":"T Komatsu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Komatsu T, Naito A, Akamada Y, Nihonyanagi S, Otori K (2023) Association between ratio of area under the concentration-time curve to minimum inhibitory concentration of vancomycin and clinical outcomes in Enterococcus faecium bacteremia. J Infect Chemother 29(12):1181\u20131184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jiac.2023.07.010","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"issue":"5","key":"5473_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkad079","volume":"78","author":"R Yamaguchi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yamaguchi R, Yamamoto T, Okamoto K, Harada S, Echizenya M, Tsutsumi T, Takada T (2023) Teicoplanin and vancomycin as treatment for glycopeptide-susceptible Enterococcus faecium bacteraemia: a propensity score-adjusted non-inferior comparative study. J Antimicrob Chemother 78(5):1231\u20131240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jac\/dkad079","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"2","key":"5473_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01289-13","volume":"58","author":"EP Balli","year":"2014","unstructured":"Balli EP, Venetis CA, Miyakis S (2014) Systematic review and meta-analysis of linezolid versus daptomycin for treatment of vancomycin-resistant enterococcal bacteremia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 58(2):734\u2013739. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AAC.01289-13","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"5","key":"5473_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2008.03.002","volume":"36","author":"TC Horan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Horan TC, Andrus M, Dudeck MA (2008) CDC\/NHSN surveillance definition of health care-associated infection and criteria for specific types of infections in the acute care setting. Am J Infect Control 36(5):309\u2013332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajic.2008.03.002","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"issue":"6","key":"5473_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2008.12.034","volume":"53","author":"S Matsuo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Matsuo S, Imai E, Horio M et al (2009) Revised equations for estimated GFR from serum creatinine in Japan. Am J Kidney Dis 53(6):982\u2013992. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2008.12.034","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"5473_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e74734","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0074734","volume":"8","author":"C Gudiol","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gudiol C, Ayats J, Camoez M et al (2013) Increase in bloodstream infection due to vancomycin-susceptible Enterococcus faecium in cancer patients: risk factors, molecular epidemiology and outcomes. PLoS ONE 8(9):e74734. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0074734","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"5","key":"5473_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2019.08.018","volume":"54","author":"D Echeverria-Esnal","year":"2019","unstructured":"Echeverria-Esnal D, Sorli L, Prim N et al (2019) Linezolid vs glycopeptides in the treatment of glycopeptide-susceptible Enterococcus faecium bacteraemia: A propensity score matched comparative study. Int J Antimicrob Agents 54(5):572\u2013578. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2019.08.018","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"issue":"10","key":"5473_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw110","volume":"62","author":"EJ Zasowski","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zasowski EJ, Claeys KC, Lagnf AM, Davis SL, Rybak MJ (2016) Time Is of the Essence: The Impact of Delayed Antibiotic Therapy on Patient Outcomes in Hospital-Onset Enterococcal Bloodstream Infections. Clin Infect Dis 62(10):1242\u20131250. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciw110","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"5473_CR25","unstructured":"CLSI (2016) Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility Testing\u2014Twenty-Sixth Edition: M100"},{"key":"5473_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Humphries RM, Ambler J, Mitchell SL et al (2018) CLSI Methods development and standardization working group best practices for evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility tests. J Clin Microbiol 56(4). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.01934-17","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01934-17"},{"issue":"3","key":"5473_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-013-0599-4","volume":"19","author":"K Matsumoto","year":"2013","unstructured":"Matsumoto K, Takesue Y, Ohmagari N et al (2013) Practice guidelines for therapeutic drug monitoring of vancomycin: a consensus review of the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy and the Japanese Society of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. J Infect Chemother 19(3):365\u2013380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10156-013-0599-4","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"issue":"4","key":"5473_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-021-03030-y","volume":"38","author":"K Oda","year":"2021","unstructured":"Oda K, Hashiguchi Y, Kimura T et al (2021) Performance of Area under the Concentration-Time Curve Estimations of Vancomycin with Limited Sampling by a Newly Developed Web Application. Pharm Res 38(4):637\u2013646. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11095-021-03030-y","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"5473_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.13626","volume":"16","author":"K Oda","year":"2023","unstructured":"Oda K, Yamada T, Matsumoto K et al (2023) Model-informed precision dosing of vancomycin for rapid achievement of target area under the concentration-time curve: A simulation study. Clin Transl Sci 16(11):2265\u20132275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/cts.13626","journal-title":"Clin Transl Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"5473_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/00007691-199804000-00003","volume":"20","author":"M Yasuhara","year":"1998","unstructured":"Yasuhara M, Iga T, Zenda H, Okumura K, Oguma T, Yano Y, Hori R (1998) Population pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in Japanese adult patients. Ther Drug Monit 20(2):139\u2013148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007691-199804000-00003","journal-title":"Ther Drug Monit"},{"issue":"6","key":"5473_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2015.09.010","volume":"46","author":"KH Song","year":"2015","unstructured":"Song KH, Kim HB, Kim HS et al (2015) Impact of area under the concentration-time curve to minimum inhibitory concentration ratio on vancomycin treatment outcomes in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia. Int J Antimicrob Agents 46(6):689\u2013695. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2015.09.010","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"issue":"6","key":"5473_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ444","volume":"61","author":"NS Britt","year":"2015","unstructured":"Britt NS, Potter EM, Patel N, Steed ME (2015) Comparison of the Effectiveness and Safety of Linezolid and Daptomycin in Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcal Bloodstream Infection: A National Cohort Study of Veterans Affairs Patients. Clin Infect Dis 61(6):871\u2013878. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/civ444","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"5473_CR33","first-page":"1","volume":"2","author":"Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) AKIWG","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) AKIWG (2012) KDIGO clinical practice guideline for acute kidney injury. Kidney Int Suppl 2:1\u2013138","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"issue":"3","key":"5473_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2008.262","volume":"85","author":"JR Senior","year":"2009","unstructured":"Senior JR (2009) Monitoring for hepatotoxicity: what is the predictive value of liver function tests? Clin Pharmacol Ther 85(3):331\u2013334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/clpt.2008.262","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"5473_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0258523","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02585-23","volume":"11","author":"K Rothe","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rothe K, Bachfischer T, Karapetyan S et al (2023) Are enterococcal bloodstream infections an independent risk factor for a poorer 5-year survival or just a marker for severity of illness?-The Munich multicentric enterococci cohort. Microbiol Spectr 11(6):e0258523. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/spectrum.02585-23","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"5473_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2014.02.012","volume":"26","author":"EO Billington","year":"2014","unstructured":"Billington EO, Phang SH, Gregson DB et al (2014) Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes for Enterococcus spp. blood stream infections: a population-based study. Int J Infect Dis 26:76\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijid.2014.02.012","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"5473_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2247","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaf197","volume":"80","author":"M Rinaldi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Rinaldi M, Rancan I, Malerba F et al (2025) Enterococcus faecium bacteraemia: a multicentre observational study focused on risk factors for clinical and microbiological outcomes. J Antimicrob Chemother 80(8):2247\u20132256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jac\/dkaf197","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"5473_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/80.1.27","volume":"80","author":"FIRTH D","year":"1993","unstructured":"FIRTH D (1993) Bias reduction of maximum likelihood estimates. Biometrika 80(1):27\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/biomet\/80.1.27","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"issue":"2","key":"5473_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2018.10.003","volume":"53","author":"L Escol\u00e0-Verg\u00e9","year":"2019","unstructured":"Escol\u00e0-Verg\u00e9 L, Fern\u00e1ndez-Hidalgo N, Rodr\u00edguez-Pardo D, Pigrau C, Gonz\u00e1lez-L\u00f3pez JJ, Bartolom\u00e9 R, Almirante B (2019) Teicoplanin for treating enterococcal infective endocarditis: A retrospective observational study from a referral centre in Spain. Int J Antimicrob Agents 53(2):165\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2018.10.003","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"issue":"7","key":"5473_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2077","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00448-13","volume":"51","author":"MJ Rybak","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rybak MJ, Vidaillac C, Sader HS et al (2013) Evaluation of vancomycin susceptibility testing for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: comparison of Etest and three automated testing methods. J Clin Microbiol 51(7):2077\u20132081. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.00448-13","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"5473_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2216","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00957-14","volume":"52","author":"S Riedel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Riedel S, Neoh KM, Eisinger SW, Dam LM, Tekle T, Carroll KC (2014) Comparison of commercial antimicrobial susceptibility test methods for testing of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococci against vancomycin, daptomycin, and linezolid. J Clin Microbiol 52(6):2216\u20132222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.00957-14","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"5473_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1177\/08971900211012395","volume":"35","author":"N Bradley","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bradley N, Lee Y, Sadeia M (2022) Assessment of the Implementation of AUC Dosing and Monitoring Practices With Vancomycin at Hospitals Across the United States. J Pharm Pract 35(6):864\u2013869. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08971900211012395","journal-title":"J Pharm Pract"},{"key":"5473_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1370040","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1370040","volume":"15","author":"J Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu J, Zhang X, Liang G et al (2024) Is it time to recommend AUC-based vancomycin therapeutic drug monitoring only? A cross-sectional survey in China. Front Pharmacol 15:1370040. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2024.1370040","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5473_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1086\/600877","volume":"49","author":"MJ Rybak","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rybak MJ, Lomaestro BM, Rotschafer JC et al (2009) Vancomycin therapeutic guidelines: a summary of consensus recommendations from the infectious diseases Society of America, the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, and the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists. Clin Infect Dis 49(3):325\u2013327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/600877","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"5473_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e18","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciq146","volume":"52","author":"C Liu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Liu C, Bayer A, Cosgrove SE et al (2011) Clinical practice guidelines by the infectious diseases society of america for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in adults and children. Clin Infect Dis 52(3):e18\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciq146","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10096-026-05473-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10096-026-05473-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10096-026-05473-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T16:44:05Z","timestamp":1783010645000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10096-026-05473-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["5473"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10096-026-05473-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0934-9723","1435-4373"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0934-9723","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-4373","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Tokyo (approval No. 2023138NI).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"During the preparation of this work the authors used ChatGPT 5 (OpenAI) and Gemini 2.5 Pro (Google) in order to polish the English language and improve readability. After using these tools, the authors reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the content of the published article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the manuscript preparation process"}},{"value":"The requirement for written informed consent was waived by the ethics committee due to the retrospective nature of the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable. The manuscript does not contain any individual person\u2019s data in any form.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publish"}},{"value":"SH reports speaker payments from MSD, Shionogi, Pfizer and consulting fees from Shionogi, Pfizer, Denka outside the submitted work. All other authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}