{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T18:50:38Z","timestamp":1762023038126,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,27]],"date-time":"2020-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593216000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,27]],"date-time":"2020-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593216000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Huangdao Science and Technology Bureau Project of Qingdao","award":["2014-1-77"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014-1-77"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lasers Med Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>To analyze the short-term clinical effect of photodynamic therapy on bronchial lung cancer and provide relevant practical experience for its better application in clinical practice. Twenty patients with bronchial lung cancer diagnosed by pathology were treated with photodynamic therapy or interventional tumor reduction combined with photodynamic therapy. Follow-up at 3\u00a0months after treatment, the chest CT and bronchoscopy were reexamined. The lesions were observed under a microscope, and the pathological specimens of living tissues were stained with HE and TUNEL to evaluate the short-term clinical effect. The volume of the tumor in the trachea or bronchus was smaller than before and the obstruction improved after the PDT from the chest CT. We could conclude that after PDT, the tumor volume was reduced and the pathological tissue appeared necrotic, the surface was pale, and the blood vessels were fewer while compared with before, and less likely to bleed when touched from the results of the bronchoscopy. HE staining showed that before treatment, there were a large number of tumor cells, closely arranged and disordered, or agglomerated and distributed unevenly. The cell morphology was not clear and the sizes were various with large and deeply stained nucleus, and the intercellular substance was less. After treatment, the number of tumor cells decreased significantly compared with before and the arrangement was relatively loose and orderly. The cells were roughly the same size; the intercellular substance increased obviously and showed uniform staining. The nuclei morphology was incomplete and fragmented, and tumor cells were evenly distributed among the intercellular substance. TUNEL staining showed that the number of cells was large and the nucleus morphology was regular before treatment; the nuclear membrane was clear and only a small number of apoptotic cells could be seen. However, the number of cells decreased and arranged loosely after treatment, with evenly stained cytoplasm. The nuclear morphology was irregular and the nuclear membrane cannot be seen clearly. Apoptotic cells with typical characteristics such as karyopyknosis, karyorrhexis, and karyolysis were common. Photodynamic therapy for bronchial lung cancer can achieve a satisfactory short-term clinical treatment effect and improve the life quality of patients, but the long-term clinical effect remains to be further studied.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-020-03080-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,27]],"date-time":"2020-06-27T13:04:15Z","timestamp":1593263055000},"page":"753-761","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Analysis of the short-term effect of photodynamic therapy on primary bronchial lung cancer"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Cunzhi","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pingping","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhe","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shichao","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"3080_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1759-7714.2010.00011.x","volume":"1","author":"W Chen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chen W, Zhang S, Zou X (2010) Evaluation on the incidence, mortality and tendency of lung cancer in China. Thorac Cancer 1(1):35\u201340","journal-title":"Thorac Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"3080_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccm.2011.09.001","volume":"32","author":"CS Dela Cruz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dela Cruz CS, Tanoue LT, Matthay RA (2011) Lung cancer: epidemiology, etiology, and prevention. Clin Chest Med 32(4):605\u2013644","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"3080_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.20114","volume":"61","author":"P Agostinis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Agostinis P et al (2011) Photodynamic therapy of cancer: an update. CA Cancer J Clin 61(4):250\u2013281","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"3080_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1517\/14712598.2.1.45","volume":"2","author":"JA Leman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Leman JA, Morton CA (2002) Photodynamic therapy: applications in dermatology. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2(1):45\u201353","journal-title":"Expert Opin Biol Ther"},{"issue":"8","key":"3080_CR5","first-page":"2628","volume":"38","author":"TJ Dougherty","year":"1978","unstructured":"Dougherty TJ et al (1978) Photoradiation therapy for the treatment of malignant tumors. Cancer Res 38(8):2628\u20132635","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"3080_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2009.01.005","volume":"5","author":"Z Huang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Huang Z (2008) An update on the regulatory status of Pdt photosensitizers in China. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 5(4):285\u2013287","journal-title":"Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"3080_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(97)70008-4","volume":"114","author":"JS McCaughan","year":"1997","unstructured":"McCaughan JS, Williams TE (1997) Photodynamic therapy for endobronchial malignant disease: a prospective fourteen-year study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 114(6):940\u2013947","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"3080_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-7940(98)00295-4","volume":"15","author":"K Moghissi","year":"1999","unstructured":"Moghissi K et al (1999) The place of bronchoscopic photodynamic therapy in advanced unresectable lung cancer: experience of 100 cases. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 15(1):1\u20136","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"3080_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20354","volume":"38","author":"GM Loewen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Loewen GM et al (2006) Endobronchial photodynamic therapy for lung cancer. Lasers Surg Med 38(5):364\u2013370","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"3080_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.5978\/islsm.20.107","volume":"20","author":"S Jheon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jheon S, Kim T, Kim JK (2011) Photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to surgery or other treatments for squamous cell lung cancers. Laser Ther 20(2):107\u2013116","journal-title":"Laser Ther"},{"issue":"9","key":"3080_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2003.013599","volume":"59","author":"L Freitag","year":"2004","unstructured":"Freitag L et al (2004) Sequential photodynamic therapy (PDT) and high dose brachytherapy for endobronchial tumour control in patients with limited bronchogenic carcinoma. Thorax 59(9):790\u2013793","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"5","key":"3080_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20513","volume":"39","author":"L Corti","year":"2007","unstructured":"Corti L et al (2007) Long-term survival of patients treated with photodynamic therapy for carcinoma in situ and early non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Lasers Surg Med 39(5):394\u2013402","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"3080_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2014.03.011","volume":"11","author":"A Akopov","year":"2014","unstructured":"Akopov A et al (2014) Preoperative endobronchial photodynamic therapy improves resectability in initially irresectable (inoperable) locally advanced non small cell lung cancer. Photodiagn Photodyn Ther 11(3):259\u2013264","journal-title":"Photodiagn Photodyn Ther"},{"issue":"21","key":"3080_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13332","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6b03881","volume":"8","author":"W Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang W et al (2016) Co-delivery of cisplatin prodrug and chlorin e6 by mesoporous silica nanoparticles for chemo-photodynamic combination therapy to combat drug resistance. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 8(21):13332\u201313340","journal-title":"ACS Appl Mater Interfaces"},{"issue":"10","key":"3080_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25466","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms161025466","volume":"16","author":"M Kimura","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kimura M et al (2015) Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with chemotherapy for advanced lung cancer with airway stenosis. Int J Mol Sci 16(10):25466\u201325475","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"15","key":"3080_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3118","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-14-3304","volume":"75","author":"SM Gallagher-Colombo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gallagher-Colombo SM et al (2015) Erlotinib pretreatment improves photodynamic therapy of non-small cell lung carcinoma xenografts via multiple mechanisms. Cancer Res 75(15):3118\u20133126","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"3080_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(00)00166-2","volume":"1","author":"C Hopper","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hopper C (2000) Photodynamic therapy: a clinical reality in the treatment of cancer. Lancet Oncol 1(4):212\u2013219","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"3080_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1071","volume":"3","author":"DE Dolmans","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dolmans DE, Fukumura D, Jain RK (2003) Photodynamic therapy for cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 3(5):380\u2013387","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"9","key":"3080_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.4571","volume":"2","author":"LB Josefsen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Josefsen LB, Boyle RW (2012) Unique diagnostic and therapeutic roles of porphyrins and phthalocyanines in photodynamic therapy, imaging and theranostics. Theranostics 2(9):916\u2013966","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"issue":"1","key":"3080_CR20","first-page":"53","volume":"59","author":"A Nowak-Stepniowska","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nowak-Stepniowska A, Pergol P, Padzik-Graczyk A (2013) Photodynamic method of cancer diagnosis and therapy--mechanisms and applications. Postepy Biochem 59(1):53\u201363","journal-title":"Postepy Biochem"},{"key":"3080_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60761-697-9_3","volume":"635","author":"D Kessel","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kessel D, Oleinick NL (2010) Photodynamic therapy and cell death pathways. Methods Mol Biol 635:35\u201346","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"issue":"7","key":"3080_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4421","DOI":"10.3390\/ma8074421","volume":"8","author":"N Mehraban","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mehraban N, Freemann HS (2015) Developments in PDT sensitizers for increased selectivity and singlet oxygen production. Materials (Basel) 8(7):4421\u20134456","journal-title":"Materials (Basel)"},{"issue":"6b","key":"3080_CR23","first-page":"4271","volume":"21","author":"B Krammer","year":"2001","unstructured":"Krammer B (2001) Vascular effects of photodynamic therapy. Anticancer Res 21(6b):4271\u20134277","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"3080_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1177\/153303460800700405","volume":"7","author":"Z Huang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Huang Z et al (2008) Photodynamic therapy for treatment of solid tumors--potential and technical challenges. Technol Cancer Res Treat 7(4):309\u2013320","journal-title":"Technol Cancer Res Treat"},{"issue":"5","key":"3080_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20337","volume":"38","author":"M Korbelik","year":"2006","unstructured":"Korbelik M (2006) PDT-associated host response and its role in the therapy outcome. Lasers Surg Med 38(5):500\u2013508","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"3080_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603792","volume":"96","author":"E Kabingu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kabingu E et al (2007) CD8+ T cell-mediated control of distant tumours following local photodynamic therapy is independent of CD4+ T cells and dependent on natural killer cells. Br J Cancer 96(12):1839\u20131848","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"3080_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-015-2066-3","volume":"142","author":"Y Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang Y et al (2016) A photodynamic therapy combined with topical 5-aminolevulinic acid and systemic hematoporphyrin derivative is more efficient but less phototoxic for cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 142(4):813\u2013821","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3080_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5411\/wji.v4.i1.1","volume":"4","author":"E Reginato","year":"2014","unstructured":"Reginato E, Wolf P, Hamblin MR (2014) Immune response after photodynamic therapy increases anti-cancer and anti-bacterial effects. World J Immunol 4(1):1\u201311","journal-title":"World J Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3080_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s40005-017-0377-x","volume":"48","author":"HS Hwang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hwang HS et al (2018) Combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and anti-tumor immunity in cancer therapy. J Pharm Investig 48(2):143\u2013151","journal-title":"J Pharm Investig"},{"issue":"5","key":"3080_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e37051","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037051","volume":"7","author":"P Xu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Xu P et al (2012) Receptor-targeting phthalocyanine photosensitizer for improving antitumor photocytotoxicity. PLoS One 7(5):e37051","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"106","key":"3080_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.07.049","volume":"106","author":"S Kwiatkowski","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kwiatkowski S et al (2018) Photodynamic therapy-mechanisms, photosensitizers and combinations. Biomed Pharmacother 106(106):1098\u20131107","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"}],"container-title":["Lasers in Medical Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10103-020-03080-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10103-020-03080-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10103-020-03080-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,26]],"date-time":"2021-06-26T23:43:59Z","timestamp":1624751039000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10103-020-03080-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,27]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["3080"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-020-03080-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0268-8921","1435-604X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0268-8921"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1435-604X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 February 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 June 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 June 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institution or practice at which the studies were conducted.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}