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We retrospectively compared tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) and non-ablative vaginal Erbium:YAG laser treatment (VEL) by propensity score (PS) analysis in women with SUI. No PS analysis studies have investigated urethral sling surgery using polypropylene TVT and VEL for SUI. Data from patients aged 35\u201350 years who were treated for SUI and registered at several institutions were selected. Patients with medical records covering 1 year for the 1-h pad test, who completed the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF) and the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS), were included. We analyzed 102, 113, and 112 patients in the TVT, VEL, and control groups, respectively. Compared with the control group, the TVT and VEL groups exhibited significant improvement in the 1-h pad test and ICIQ-SF. In the PS analysis, the TVT and VEL groups similarly improved in the 1-h pad test and ICIQ-SF. As for the OABSS, the VEL group showed significantly greater improvement than the TVT group. In the odds ratio analysis for the 1-h pad test, no differences in any of the parameters were observed between TVT and VEL. VEL may be considered an alternative to TVT for SUI treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-021-03317-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]],"date-time":"2021-04-22T04:02:31Z","timestamp":1619064151000},"page":"655-663","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Comparison of urethral sling surgery and non-ablative vaginal Erbium:YAG laser treatment in 327 patients with stress urinary incontinence: a case-matching analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5894-5283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nobuo","family":"Okui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hironari","family":"Miyazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wataru","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshihide","family":"Miyauchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chikako","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Machiko","family":"Okui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaori","family":"Shigemori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiharu","family":"Miyazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3044-190X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zdenko","family":"Vizintin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9059-9923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matja\u017e","family":"Lukac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"3317_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.10052","volume":"21","author":"P Abrams","year":"2002","unstructured":"Abrams P, Cardozo L, Fall M, Griffiths D, Rosier P, Ulmsten U, Van Kerrebroeck P, Victor A, Wein A, Standardisation Sub-Committee of the International Continence Society (2002) The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: Report from the Standardisation Sub-committee of the International Continence Society. 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The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Review Board of the Kanagawa Association of Medical and Dental Practitioners (19006), complying with Japanese law. Opt-outs were solicited in 2019 via a joint website () for patients. The Urinary Incontinence Research Network (UnIcoRN) database is registered at the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) Center (R00004294).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Opt-outs were solicited in 2019 via a joint website () for patients.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"The participants have consented to the submission of the case report to the journal with a consent form document.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}]}}