{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:28:37Z","timestamp":1786980517253,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758240000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lasers Med Sci"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-025-04639-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T08:12:37Z","timestamp":1758269557000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinical study on the effectiveness of laser combined with topical tranexamic acid in the treatment of melasma"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Junlong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyu","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoling","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengcheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"4639_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2879","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-022-03566-4","volume":"37","author":"Y Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li Y, Yao C, Zhang H, Li L, Song Y (2022) Efficacy and safety of 755-nm picosecond alexandrite laser with topical tranexamic acid versus laser monotherapy for melasma and facial rejuvenation: a multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, split-face study in Chinese patients. Lasers Med Sci 37(7):2879\u20132887","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"4639_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2823","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-022-03547-7","volume":"37","author":"A Botsali","year":"2022","unstructured":"Botsali A, Esme P, Erbil H, Caliskan E (2022) Comparison of fractional erbium:yag laser-assisted tranexamic acid delivery alone and in combination with oral tranexamic acid in melasma. Lasers Med Sci 37(7):2823\u20132830","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"4639_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2019.1708847","volume":"32","author":"N Agamia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Agamia N, Apalla Z, Salem W, Abdallah W (2021) A comparative study between oral tranexamic acid versus oral tranexamic acid and Q-switched Nd-YAG laser in melasma treatment: a clinical and dermoscopic evaluation. J Dermatolog Treat 32(7):819\u2013826","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat"},{"issue":"5","key":"4639_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1177\/12034754241265716","volume":"28","author":"K Mar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mar K, Khalid B, Maazi M (2024) Treatment of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation in skin of colour: a systematic review. J Cutan Med Surg 28(5):473\u2013480","journal-title":"J Cutan Med Surg"},{"key":"4639_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7573\/dic.2021-11-2","author":"S Moolla","year":"2022","unstructured":"Moolla S, Miller-Monthrope Y (2022) Dermatology: how to manage facial hyperpigmentation in skin of colour. Drugs Context. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7573\/dic.2021-11-2","journal-title":"Drugs Context"},{"issue":"4","key":"4639_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2021.1914313","volume":"33","author":"N Neagu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Neagu N, Conforti C, Agozzino M, Marangi GF, Morariu SH, Pellacani G, Persichetti P, Piccolo D, Segreto F, Zalaudek I, Dianzani C (2022) Melasma treatment: a systematic review. J Dermatolog Treat 33(4):1816\u20131837","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat"},{"issue":"2","key":"4639_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14140","volume":"21","author":"AM Elkamshoushi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Elkamshoushi AM, Romisy D, Omar SS (2022) Oral tranexamic acid, hydroquinone 4% and low-fluence 1064 Nm Q-switched nd:yag laser for mixed melasma: clinical and dermoscopic evaluation. J Cosmet Dermatol 21(2):657\u2013668","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"4639_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2910","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.16006","volume":"22","author":"W Ma","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ma W, Gao Q, Liu J, Zhong X, Xu T, Wu Q, Cheng Z, Luo N (2023) Efficacy and safety of laser-related therapy for melasma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Cosmet Dermatol 22(11):2910\u20132924","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4639_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-023-00759-7","volume":"24","author":"M Sowash","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sowash M, Alster T (2023) Review of laser treatments for post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation in skin of color. Am J Clin Dermatol 24(3):381\u2013396","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4639_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2193","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-021-03483-y","volume":"37","author":"SA Hawwam","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hawwam SA, Ismail M, El-Attar YA (2022) Split-face comparative study between intradermal tranexamic acid injection alone versus intradermal tranexamic acid injection combined with Q-switched ND:YAG laser in melasma treatment: dermoscopic and clinical evaluation. Lasers Med Sci 37(4):2193\u20132201","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"4639_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000002770","volume":"46","author":"N Masub","year":"2020","unstructured":"Masub N, Nguyen JK, Austin E, Jagdeo J (2020) The vascular component of melasma: a systematic review of laboratory, diagnostic, and therapeutic evidence. Dermatol Surg 46(12):1642\u20131650","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"4639_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.02.072","volume":"83","author":"IE Arreola Jauregui","year":"2020","unstructured":"Arreola Jauregui IE, Huerta Rivera G, Soria Orozco M, Meyer-Nava S, Paniagua Santos JE, L\u00f3pez Zaldo JB, Meyer-Nava I, Madrid Carrillo C, Zaldo Rol\u00f3n IE, Baeza echeverr\u00eda AE, V\u00e1zquez Huerta M (2020) A cross-sectional report on melasma among Hispanic patients: evaluating the role of oral tranexamic acid versus oral tranexamic acid plus hydroquinone. J Am Acad Dermatol 83(5):1457\u20131458","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4639_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2475","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2021.1968996","volume":"33","author":"F Mokhtari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mokhtari F, Bahrami B (2022) Fractional erbium:yag laser (2940 nm) plus topical hydroquinone compared to intradermal tranexamic acid plus topical hydroquinone for the treatment of refractory melasma: a randomized controlled trial. J Dermatolog Treat 33(5):2475\u20132481","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat"},{"issue":"3","key":"4639_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.15488","volume":"22","author":"Y Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li Y, Shao WN, Fang QQ, Zhao WY, Wang SQ, Wu LH, Hu YY, Wang XF, Xue YN, Chen L, Tan WQ (2023) A combination treatment of drug-laser-photon for melasma: a retrospective study of clinical cases. J Cosmet Dermatol 22(3):822\u2013830","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"4639_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-152-11-201006010-00232","volume":"152","author":"KF Schulz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schulz KF, Altman DG, Moher D (2010) CONSORT 2010 statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomized trials. Ann Intern Med 152(11):726\u2013732","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4639_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.16615","volume":"24","author":"C Martschin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Martschin C, Bahhady R, Li J, Loureiro W, Mansour W, Metelitsa A, Minocha K, Somenek M, Taghetchian K, Tienthavorn T (2025) Development and validation of a novel holistic skin quality assessment scale. J Cosmet Dermatol 24(1):e16615","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4639_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-023-01143-1","volume":"28","author":"ZZ Guo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guo ZZ, Wang ZC, Wang D, Ge LL, Li YH, Gu YH, Wang W, Wei CJ, Gu B, Yao M, Dong JY, Li QF (2023) Laser treatment for Cafe-au-lait macules: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Med Res 28(1):185","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"4639_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1159\/000538555","volume":"16","author":"SM Seyed Jafari","year":"2024","unstructured":"Seyed Jafari SM, Bossart S, Adatto M, Feldmeyer L, Yawalkar N, Heidemeyer K (2024) Successful removal of 17 tattoos self-administered using black eyeliner ink with quality-switched neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet 1,064-nm laser: a case report. Case Rep Dermatol 16(1):108\u2013115","journal-title":"Case Rep Dermatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4639_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000001518","volume":"44","author":"HR Bala","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bala HR, Lee S, Wong C, Pandya AG, Rodrigues M (2018) Oral tranexamic acid for the treatment of melasma: a review. Dermatol Surg 44(6):814\u2013825","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"4639_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.14115","volume":"45","author":"E Forbat","year":"2020","unstructured":"Forbat E, Al-Niaimi F, Ali FR (2020) The emerging importance of tranexamic acid in dermatology. Clin Exp Dermatol 45(4):445\u2013449","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4639_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-019-00488-w","volume":"21","author":"J McKesey","year":"2020","unstructured":"McKesey J, Tovar-Garza A, Pandya AG (2020) Melasma treatment: an evidence-based review. Am J Clin Dermatol 21(2):173\u2013225","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4639_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2801","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14532","volume":"21","author":"B Debasmita","year":"2022","unstructured":"Debasmita B, Raj C (2022) A prospective randomized controlled trial of Q-switched nd:yag laser with topical 3% tranexamic acid (TA) versus microneedling with topical 3% tranexamic acid (TA) in treatment of melasma. J Cosmet Dermatol 21(7):2801\u20132807","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4639_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16150","volume":"34","author":"E Bronzina","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bronzina E, Clement A, Marie B, Fook Chong KT, Faure P, Passeron T (2020) Efficacy and tolerability on melasma of a topical cosmetic product acting on melanocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells: a randomized comparative trial against 4% hydroquinone. J Eur Acad Dermatology Venereology: JEADV 34(4):897\u2013903","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatology Venereology: JEADV"},{"issue":"5","key":"4639_CR24","first-page":"19","volume":"15","author":"V Gonz\u00e1lez-Molina","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Molina V, Mart\u00ed-Pineda A, Gonz\u00e1lez N (2022) Topical treatments for melasma and their mechanism of action. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 15(5):19\u201328","journal-title":"J Clin Aesthet Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Lasers in Medical Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10103-025-04639-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10103-025-04639-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10103-025-04639-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T07:23:21Z","timestamp":1771399401000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10103-025-04639-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4639"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-025-04639-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1435-604X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1435-604X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 September 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University (Approval No. EC-Derm-2021-005, approved on April 03, 2021). Before obtaining written consent, all patients received comprehensive information about the study protocol.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Clinical trial number"}}],"article-number":"368"}}