{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T08:17:55Z","timestamp":1771402675502,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760486400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Centre Egypt"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lasers Med Sci"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Melasma is a chronic, relapsing pigmentary disorder that poses a significant therapeutic challenge, particularly in individuals with darker skin types. Laser therapies have shown promise in targeting both epidermal and dermal melanin deposits. The study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of fractional non-ablative 675 nm diode laser and Q-switched 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser in the treatment of facial melasma using a split-face design. Thirty female patients with bilateral facial melasma were enrolled in a prospective, split-face trial. Each received five treatment sessions at two-week intervals: the right side with 675 nm diode laser and the left with 1064 nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. Clinical efficacy was assessed using the Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI), dermoscopic scoring, and post-therapy lightening grade at baseline and 12 weeks post-treatment. Both modalities resulted in significant reductions in MASI and dermoscopic scores (p &lt; 0.05). The 675 nm laser showed superior improvement, with a greater proportion of patients achieving excellent lightening. Adverse events were mild and transient. Fractional non-ablative 675 nm diode laser is more effective and equally safe compared to Q-switched 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser in treating facial melasma, offering a promising modality for patients with recalcitrant hyperpigmentation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-025-04679-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T03:32:46Z","timestamp":1760499166000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Fractional non ablative 675\u00a0nm diode laser versus low fluence high frequency Q- switched 1064\u00a0nm nd: YAG laser in the treatment of melasma: a comparative split face trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Hadeer M.","family":"Bassiony","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zakaria M.","family":"Obaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shady M.","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hany O.","family":"Aboelwafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed L.","family":"Elsaie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"4679_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2508","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14953","volume":"21","author":"ES AboAlsoud","year":"2022","unstructured":"AboAlsoud ES, Eldahshan RM, AbouKhodair Mohammed H, Elsaie ML (2022) Safety and efficacy of topical Metformin 30% cream versus triple combination cream (Kligman\u2019s formula) in treating melasma: a randomized controlled study. J Cosmet Dermatol 21(6):2508\u20132515","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4679_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2020.1793888","volume":"33","author":"MA Atwa","year":"2022","unstructured":"Atwa MA, Ahmed AH, Nada HA, Refaey SM, Jafferany M, Elsaie ML (2022) Combined chemical peels versus trichloroacetic acid (TCA) for treating melasma: a split face study. J Dermatolog Treat 33(2):959\u2013964","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat"},{"issue":"9","key":"4679_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3794","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.15270","volume":"21","author":"B Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang B, Xie B, Shen Y, Zhang L, Song X (2022) Single and combined 1064 nm Q-switched nd: YAG laser therapy in melasma: a meta-analysis. J Cosmet Dermatol 21(9):3794\u20133802","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4679_CR4","first-page":"90","volume":"43","author":"SMA Ibrahim","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ibrahim SMA, Elsaie ML, Fusco I, Zingoni T, Rageh MA (2025) A 675 nm laser in the treatment of facial melasma in dark skin types. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 43(3):90\u201395","journal-title":"Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"4679_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.10.051","volume":"64","author":"AG Pandya","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pandya AG, Hynan LS, Bhore R, Riley FC, Guevara IL, Grimes P et al (2011) Reliability assessment and validation of the melasma area and severity index (MASI) and a new modified MASI scoring method. J Am Acad Dermatol 64(1):78\u201383 e1\u20132","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"4679_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4011","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14440","volume":"20","author":"MS Zaky","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zaky MS, Obaid ZM, Khalil EA, Elsaie ML (2021) Microneedling-assisted topical tranexamic acid solution versus 4% hydroquinone for treating melasma: a split-face randomized study. J Cosmet Dermatol 20(12):4011\u20134016","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4679_CR7","first-page":"27","volume":"13","author":"P Campolmi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Campolmi P, Bonan P, Cannarozzo G, Bruscino N, Rossi R, Lotti T (2020) Non-ablative fractional laser resurfacing in acne scarring. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 13(7):27\u201333","journal-title":"J Clin Aesthet Dermatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4679_CR8","first-page":"268","volume":"22","author":"G Cannarozzo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cannarozzo G, Tamburi F, Lombardi R, Bonan P (2020) Use of a 675-nm laser in the treatment of facial photoaging: a clinical study. J Cosmet Laser Ther 22(5):268\u2013272","journal-title":"J Cosmet Laser Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"4679_CR9","first-page":"1085","volume":"20","author":"G Cannarozzo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cannarozzo G, Negosanti F, Sannino M, Bennardo L, Tamburi F, Bonan P (2021) A novel 675 Nm laser device in the treatment of facial melasma: a pilot study. 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Dermatol Surg 44(2):257\u2013270","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"}],"container-title":["Lasers in Medical Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10103-025-04679-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10103-025-04679-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10103-025-04679-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T07:25:06Z","timestamp":1771399506000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10103-025-04679-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4679"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-025-04679-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1435-604X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1435-604X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 September 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 October 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by an ethics committee of Faculty of Medicine (DFM-IRB 00012367-24-02-001), Al-Azhar University, Damietta; Egypt. This study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All patients signed both Informed Consent Form and Consent for Image Use.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"<!--Emphasis Type='Bold' removed-->Human Ethics and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Clinical trial number"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"434"}}