{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T19:59:53Z","timestamp":1789675193007,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764374400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lasers Med Sci"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-025-04738-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T00:33:17Z","timestamp":1764376397000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Exploring photobiomodulation as a complementary approach for mental health: an integrative review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Francisco J","family":"Cidral-Filho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Hewitson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vit\u00f3ria Larissa","family":"Vitorino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalia","family":"Donatello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"4738_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764013488570","volume":"60","author":"JK Trivedi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Trivedi JK, Tripathi A, Dhanasekaran S, Moussaoui D (2014) Preventive psychiatry: concept appraisal and future directions. Int J Soc Psychiatry 60(4):321\u2013329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0020764013488570","journal-title":"Int J Soc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"4738_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159x1304150831122734","volume":"13","author":"L Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu L, Liu C, Wang Y, Wang P, Li Y, Li B (2015) Herbal medicine for anxiety, depression and insomnia. Curr Neuropharmacol 13(4):481\u2013493. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1570159x1304150831122734","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4738_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6033","volume":"32","author":"KS Yeung","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yeung KS, Hernandez M, Mao JJ, Haviland I, Gubili J (2018) Herbal medicine for depression and anxiety: a systematic review with assessment of potential psycho-oncologic relevance. Phytother Res 32(5):865\u2013891. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ptr.6033","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"4738_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.47626\/2237-6089-2021-0237","volume":"43","author":"FB Schuch","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schuch FB, Vancampfort D (2021) Physical activity, exercise, and mental disorders: it is time to move on. Trends Psychiatry Psychother 43(3):177\u2013184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47626\/2237-6089-2021-0237","journal-title":"Trends Psychiatry Psychother"},{"issue":"6","key":"4738_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.6.593","volume":"62","author":"RC Kessler","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O, Jin R, Merikangas KR, Walters EE (2005) Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National comorbidity survey replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry 62(6):593\u2013602. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archpsyc.62.6.593","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"4738_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbacli.2016.09.002","volume":"6","author":"MR Hamblin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hamblin MR (2016) Shining light on the head: photobiomodulation for brain disorders. BBA Clin 6:113\u2013124. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbacli.2016.09.002","journal-title":"BBA Clin"},{"issue":"10","key":"4738_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1089\/photob.2020.4847","volume":"38","author":"S Parker","year":"2020","unstructured":"Parker S, Anagnostaki E, Mylona V, Cronshaw M, Lynch E, Grootveld M (2020) Systematic review of post-surgical laser-assisted oral soft tissue outcomes using surgical wavelengths outside the 650\u20131350 Nm optical window. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 38(10):591\u2013606. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/photob.2020.4847","journal-title":"Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"4738_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11071828","volume":"11","author":"A Abijo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abijo A, Lee CY, Huang CY, Ho PC, Tsai KJ (2023) The beneficial role of photobiomodulation in neurodegenerative diseases. Biomedicines 11(7):1828. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines11071828","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"3","key":"4738_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000000037","volume":"93","author":"G Akyuz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Akyuz G, Kenis O (2014) Physical therapy modalities and rehabilitation techniques in the management of neuropathic pain. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 93(3):253\u2013259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PHM.0000000000000037","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"9","key":"4738_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196508262730906","volume":"273","author":"PE McGuff","year":"1965","unstructured":"McGuff PE, Deterling RA Jr, Gottlieb LS (1965) Tumoricidal effect of laser energy on experimental and human malignant tumors. N Engl J Med 273(9):490\u2013492. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM196508262730906","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"4738_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2243","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.284989","volume":"15","author":"J Mitrofanis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mitrofanis J, Henderson LA (2020) How and why does photobiomodulation change brain activity? Neural Regen Res 15(12):2243\u20132244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/1673-5374.284989","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"4738_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22153","volume":"45","author":"P Avci","year":"2013","unstructured":"Avci P, Nyame TT, Gupta GK, Sadasivam M, Hamblin MR (2013) Low-level laser therapy for fat layer reduction: a comprehensive review. Lasers Surg Med 45(6):349\u2013357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lsm.22153","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"4738_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-025-04550-4","volume":"40","author":"FJ Cidral","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cidral FJ, Hewitson A, Donatello N, Piovezan AP (2025) Violet photobiomodulation: biological effects and health implications. Lasers Med Sci 40(1):292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-025-04550-4","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"4738_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-024-01351-8","volume":"21","author":"F Fernandes","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fernandes F, Oliveira S, Monteiro F, Gasik M, Silva FS, Sousa N, Carvalho \u00d3, Catarino SO (2024) Devices used for photobiomodulation of the brain\u2014a comprehensive and systematic review. J Neuroeng Rehabil 21(1):53. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12984-024-01351-8","journal-title":"J Neuroeng Rehabil"},{"issue":"5","key":"4738_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2005.03621.x","volume":"52","author":"R Whittemore","year":"2005","unstructured":"Whittemore R, Knafl K (2005) The integrative review: updated methodology. J Adv Nurs 52(5):546\u2013553. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2005.03621.x","journal-title":"J Adv Nurs"},{"issue":"10","key":"4738_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1089\/photob.2019.4677","volume":"37","author":"M Maiello","year":"2019","unstructured":"Maiello M, Losiewicz OM, Bui E, Spera V, Hamblin MR, Marques L, Cassano P (2019) Transcranial photobiomodulation with near-infrared light for generalized anxiety disorder: a pilot study. Photobiomod Photomed Laser Surg 37(10):644\u2013650. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/photob.2019.4677","journal-title":"Photobiomod Photomed Laser Surg"},{"key":"4738_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-7-38","volume":"7","author":"PH Desan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Desan PH, Weinstein AJ, Michalak EE, Tam EM, Meesters Y, Ruiter MJ, Horn E, Telner J, Iskandar H, Boivin DB, Lam RW (2007) A controlled trial of the Litebook light-emitting diode (LED) light therapy device for treatment of seasonal affective disorder (SAD). BMC Psychiatry 7:38. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-244X-7-38","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"4738_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2017.00187","volume":"8","author":"TA Henderson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Henderson TA, Morries LD (2017) Multi-watt near-infrared phototherapy for the treatment of comorbid depression: an open-label single-arm study. Front Psychiatry 8:187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2017.00187","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"4738_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2023.110682","volume":"200","author":"H Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang H, Song P, Hou Y, Liu J, Hao W, Hu S, Dai X, Zhan S, Li N, Peng M, Wang H, Lin H, Wang Y (2023) 820-nm transcranial near-infrared stimulation on the left DLPFC relieved anxiety: a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study. Brain Res Bull 200:110682. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2023.110682","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"issue":"12","key":"4738_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2018.4490","volume":"36","author":"P Cassano","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cassano P, Petrie SR, Mischoulon D, Cusin C, Katnani H, Yeung A, De Taboada L, Archibald A, Bui E, Baer L, Chang T, Chen J, Pedrelli P, Fisher L, Farabaugh A, Hamblin MR, Alpert JE, Fava M, Iosifescu DV (2018) Transcranial photobiomodulation for the treatment of major depressive disorder: the ELATED-2 pilot trial. Photomed Laser Surg 36(12):634\u2013646. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/pho.2018.4490","journal-title":"Photomed Laser Surg"},{"key":"4738_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.12.065","volume":"372","author":"TW Guu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Guu TW, Cassano P, Li WJ et al (2025) Wearable, self-administered transcranial photobiomodulation for major depressive disorder and sleep: a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial. J Affect Disord 372:635\u2013642. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2024.12.065","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"4738_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-9081-5-46","volume":"5","author":"F Schiffer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schiffer F, Johnston AL, Ravichandran C, Polcari A, Teicher MH, Webb RH, Hamblin MR (2009) Psychological benefits 2 and 4 weeks after a single treatment with near infrared light to the forehead: a pilot study of 10 patients with major depression and anxiety. Behav Brain Funct 5:46. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1744-9081-5-46","journal-title":"Behav Brain Funct"},{"issue":"9","key":"4738_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-020-02983-7","volume":"35","author":"FK Kerppers","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kerppers FK, Dos Santos KMMG, Cordeiro MER, da Silva Pereira MC, Barbosa D, Pezzini AA, Cunha LF, Fonseca M, Bragnholo K, Salgado ASI, Kerppers II (2020) Study of transcranial photobiomodulation at 945-nm wavelength: anxiety and depression. Lasers Med Sci 35(9):1945\u20131954. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-020-02983-7","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"4738_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291721002270","volume":"53","author":"ED Zaizar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zaizar ED, Papini S, Gonzalez-Lima F, Telch MJ (2023) Singular and combined effects of transcranial infrared laser stimulation and exposure therapy on pathological fear: a randomized clinical trial. Psychol Med 53(3):908\u2013917. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0033291721002270","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"4738_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.70004","volume":"18","author":"X Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang X, Miao X, Jiang H et al (2025) Advanced intervention effects of pulsed and steady transcranial photobiomodulation on sleep, mood, and EEG signal regulation. J Biophotonics 18(6):e70004. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbio.70004","journal-title":"J Biophotonics"},{"issue":"1","key":"4738_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-025-06555-3","volume":"25","author":"H Helali","year":"2025","unstructured":"Helali H, Samani N, Tabeie F, Eiliaei S, Kheradmand A (2025) The effectiveness of transcranial photobiomodulation therapy (tPBM) on reducing anxiety, depression, and opioid craving in patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry 25(1):94. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-025-06555-3","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"4738_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2016.05.009","volume":"9","author":"SG Disner","year":"2016","unstructured":"Disner SG, Beevers CG, Gonzalez-Lima F (2016) Transcranial laser stimulation as neuroenhancement for attention bias modification in adults with elevated depression symptoms. Brain Stimul 9(5):780\u2013787. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.brs.2016.05.009","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"4738_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2020.10.002","volume":"119","author":"A Guti\u00e9rrez-Men\u00e9ndez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Men\u00e9ndez A, Marcos-Nistal M, M\u00e9ndez M, Arias JL (2020) Photobiomodulation as a promising new tool in the management of psychological disorders: a systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 119:242\u2013254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2020.10.002","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"6","key":"4738_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.07.006","volume":"59","author":"G Glickman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Glickman G, Byrne B, Pineda C, Hauck WW, Brainard GC (2006) Light therapy for seasonal affective disorder with blue narrow-band light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Biol Psychiatry 59(6):502\u2013507. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.07.006","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"4738_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.1990.tb01631.x","volume":"44","author":"T Kanaya","year":"1990","unstructured":"Kanaya T, Yonekawa M (1990) Regional cerebral blood flow in depression. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 44:571\u2013576. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1440-1819.1990.tb01631.x","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"4738_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-014-1669-2","volume":"30","author":"ASI Salgado","year":"2015","unstructured":"Salgado ASI, Z\u00e2ngaro R, Parreira RB, Kerppers II (2015) The effects of transcranial LED therapy (TCLT) on cerebral blood flow in the elderly women. Lasers Med Sci 30:339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-014-1669-2","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"4738_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14103402","volume":"14","author":"DRA Coelho","year":"2025","unstructured":"Coelho DRA, Tural \u00dc, Hurtado Puerto AM et al (2025) Neurometabolite changes after transcranial photobiomodulation in major depressive disorder: a randomized controlled trial investigating dose-dependent effects. J Clin Med 14(10):3402. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm14103402","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"4738_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2024.113041","volume":"260","author":"BH de Oliveira","year":"2024","unstructured":"de Oliveira BH, Lins EF, Kunde NF, Salgado ASI, Martins LM, Bobinski F, Vieira WF, Cassano P, Quialheiro A, Martins DF (2024) Transcranial photobiomodulation increases cognition and serum BDNF levels in adults over 50 years: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Photochem Photobiol B 260:113041. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2024.113041","journal-title":"J Photochem Photobiol B"},{"issue":"6","key":"4738_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23062975","volume":"23","author":"F Salehpour","year":"2022","unstructured":"Salehpour F, Khademi M, Bragin DE, DiDuro JO (2022) Photobiomodulation therapy and the glymphatic system: promising applications for augmenting the brain lymphatic drainage system. Int J Mol Sci 23(6):2975. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms23062975","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4738_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2021.10.009","volume":"81","author":"E Hogervorst","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hogervorst E, Craig J, O\u2019Donnell E (2022) Cognition and mental health in menopause: a review. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 81:69\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2021.10.009","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"}],"container-title":["Lasers in Medical Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10103-025-04738-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10103-025-04738-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10103-025-04738-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T07:24:52Z","timestamp":1771399492000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10103-025-04738-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4738"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-025-04738-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1435-604X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1435-604X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human ethics and consent to participate"}},{"value":"\u00a0Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Clinical trial number"}},{"value":"Andrew Hewitson is the Founder and President at Avant Wellness Systems. The other authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"502"}}