{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T03:06:03Z","timestamp":1779505563363,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779494400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020898","name":"Universidade Federal De Ci\u00eancias Da Sa\u00fade De Porto Alegre","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020898","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lasers Med Sci"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients with chronic kidney failure (CKF) present changes in physical capacity and low exercise tolerance. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has shown an ergogenic effect on exercise in studies with different populations and may be an adjuvant treatment in rehabilitation programs for CKF patients. This study aimed to evaluate the acute effects of different doses of PBMT on quadriceps strength, fatigue and muscle pain in CKF patients.\u00a0This study is a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover clinical trial. Adult patients with CKF received four PBMT applications with different energy doses (30J, 60J, 90J, or placebo), administered in a random order. A one-week interval was maintained between each dose, and an 830nm laser was applied to six points of the quadriceps muscle. Immediately after PBMT, maximal isometric quadriceps muscle strength was assessed by dynamometry. Before the intervention and after the assessment of muscle strength, muscle fatigue (Borg rating of perceived exertion scale and blood lactate) and pain perception in the lower limbs (visual analogue scale) were measured.\u00a0Fifteen patients were randomized and fourteen completed the study. There was no significant difference between the doses tested for maximal isometric muscle strength in the right (p=0.053) and left (p=0.509) quadriceps. The perception of fatigue assessed by the modified Borg scale was not altered (p=0.703) nor were blood lactate levels, regardless of the PBMT dose and measurement time (t0: p=0.126; t3: p=0.667; t6: p=0.700). There was no change in pain perception after quadriceps irradiation for any of the PBMT doses tested (p=0.566).\u00a0A single application of PBMT with a dose of 30J, 60J, or 90J did not alter maximal isometric quadriceps muscle strength, fatigue, or muscle pain perception in the lower limbs of CKF patients on HD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-026-04886-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T02:56:09Z","timestamp":1779504969000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Acute effect of photobiomodulation therapy in quadriceps strength, fatigue and pain of patients with chronic kidney failure: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled crossover clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Ana Paula Oliveira","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidiane Martins","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda Marques","family":"Catelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Degiane Rocha","family":"da Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Carlos","family":"Goldani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graciele Sbruzzi","family":"Graciele Sbruzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo Della Mea","family":"Plentz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jociane","family":"Schardong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"4886_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l5873","volume":"367","author":"AK Bello","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bello AK, Levin A, Lunney M, Osman MA, Ye F, Ashuntantang GE et al (2019) Status of care for end stage kidney disease in countries and regions worldwide: International cross sectional survey. BMJ 367:367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.l5873","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"4886_CR2","unstructured":"Levey AS, Coresh J, Bolton K, Culleton B, Harvey KS, Ikizler TA et al (2002) K\/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. American Journal of Kidney Diseases. 39(2 SUPPL. 1):i-ii+ S1-S266"},{"key":"4886_CR3","unstructured":"Brasil (2014) Diretrizes cl\u00ednicas para o cuidado ao paciente com doen\u00e7a renal cr\u00f4nica-DRC no Sistema \u00danico de Sa\u00fade. Secretaria de Aten\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 Sa\u00fade. 1:1\u201337"},{"key":"4886_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"s03","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-9282.66.S1.3","volume":"66","author":"AL Ammirati","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ammirati AL (2020) Chronic kidney disease. Rev Assoc Med Bras 66:s03\u2013s09. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1806-9282.66.S1.3","journal-title":"Rev Assoc Med Bras"},{"issue":"4","key":"4886_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(16)00033-4","volume":"4","author":"R Vanholder","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vanholder R, Fouque D, Glorieux G, Heine GH, Kanbay M, Mallamaci F et al (2016) Clinical management of the uraemic syndrome in chronic kidney disease. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 4(4):360\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(16)00033-4","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4886_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-021-00498-0","volume":"18","author":"XH Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang XH, Mitch WE, Price SR (2022) Pathophysiological mechanisms leading to muscle loss in chronic kidney disease. Nature Reviews Nephrology 18(3):138\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41581-021-00498-0","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Nephrology"},{"key":"4886_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Slee A, McKeaveney C, Adamson G, Davenport A, Farrington K, Fouque D et al (2020) Estimating the prevalence of muscle wasting, weakness, and sarcopenia in hemodialysis patients. Journal of renal nutrition. ;30(4):313\u2009\u2013\u200921. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.jrn.2021.01.002","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2021.01.002"},{"issue":"1","key":"4886_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.01.024","volume":"92","author":"P Kittiskulnam","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kittiskulnam P, Chertow GM, Carrero JJ, Delgado C, Kaysen GA, Johansen KL (2017) Sarcopenia and its individual criteria are associated, in part, with mortality among patients on hemodialysis. Kidney Int 92(1):238\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.kint.2017.01.024","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"4886_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-10-388","volume":"10","author":"S Granata","year":"2009","unstructured":"Granata S, Zaza G, Simone S, Villani G, Latorre D, Pontrelli P et al (2009) Mitochondrial dysregulation and oxidative stress in patients with chronic kidney disease. BMC genomics 10(1):1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2164-10-388","journal-title":"BMC genomics"},{"issue":"10","key":"4886_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1720","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.10261013","volume":"9","author":"N Isoyama","year":"2014","unstructured":"Isoyama N, Qureshi AR, Avesani CM, Lindholm B, B\u00e0r\u00e0ny P, Heimb\u00fcrger O et al (2014) Comparative associations of muscle mass and muscle strength with mortality in dialysis patients. Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology: CJASN 9(10):1720. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2215\/CJN.10261013","journal-title":"Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology: CJASN"},{"issue":"1","key":"4886_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-021-00898-1","volume":"110","author":"V Chatzipetrou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chatzipetrou V, Begin MJ, Hars M, Trombetti A (2022) Sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease: a scoping review of prevalence, risk factors, association with outcomes, and treatment. Calcif Tissue Int 110(1):1\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00223-021-00898-1","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"4886_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1111\/sdi.12196","volume":"27","author":"SN Davison","year":"2014","unstructured":"Davison SN, Koncicki H, Brennan F (2014) Pain in chronic kidney disease: a scoping review. Semin Dial 27(2):188\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/sdi.12196","journal-title":"Semin Dial"},{"issue":"3","key":"4886_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2009.03.009","volume":"54","author":"EJ Kouidi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kouidi EJ, Grekas DM, Deligiannis AP (2009) Effects of exercise training on noninvasive cardiac measures in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis: A randomized controlled trial. Am J Kidney Dis 54(3):511\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2009.03.009","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"4S","key":"4886_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2023.10.018","volume":"105","author":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD Work Group","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD Work Group (2024) KDIGO 2024 clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 105(4S):S117\u2013S314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.kint.2023.10.018","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"4886_CR15","first-page":"58","volume":"5","author":"S Farivar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Farivar S, Malekshahabi T, Shiari R (2014) Biological effects of low level laser therapy. Journal of lasers in medical sciences 5(2):58","journal-title":"Journal of lasers in medical sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"4886_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-011-0454-7","volume":"40","author":"H Chung","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chung H, Dai T, Sharma SK, Huang Y-Y, Carroll JD, Hamblin MR (2012) The nuts and bolts of low-level laser (light) therapy. Annals of biomedical engineering 40(2):516\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10439-011-0454-7","journal-title":"Annals of biomedical engineering"},{"issue":"5","key":"4886_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2012.08.003","volume":"31","author":"A Gupta","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gupta A, Avci P, Sadasivam M, Chandran R, Parizotto N, Vecchio D et al (2013) Shining light on nanotechnology to help repair and regeneration. Biotechnology advances 31(5):607\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2012.08.003","journal-title":"Biotechnology advances"},{"issue":"1","key":"4886_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-017-2368-6","volume":"33","author":"AA Vanin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vanin AA, Verhagen E, Barboza SD, Costa LOP, Leal-Junior ECP (2018) Photobiomodulation therapy for the improvement of muscular performance and reduction of muscular fatigue associated with exercise in healthy people: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci 33(1):181\u2013214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-017-2368-6","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"4886_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-018-2593-7","volume":"34","author":"FE Macagnan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Macagnan FE, Baroni BM, Cristofoli EZ, Godoy M, Schardong J, Plentz RDM (2019) Acute effect of photobiomodulation therapy on handgrip strength of chronic kidney disease patients during hemodialysis. Lasers Med Sci 34(4):835\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-018-2593-7","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"4886_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2203\/dose-response.09-027.Hamblin","volume":"7","author":"Y-Y Huang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Huang Y-Y, Chen A-H, Carroll JD, Hamblin MR (2009) Biphasic dose response in low level light therapy. Dose-response 7(4):dose-response. 09\u2013027. Hamblin. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2203\/dose-response.09-027.Hamblin","journal-title":"Dose-response"},{"key":"4886_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTQE.2016.2561201","author":"LF de Freitas","year":"2016","unstructured":"de Freitas LF, Hamblin MR (2016) Proposed mechanisms of photobiomodulation or low-level light therapy. IEEE J Sel Top Quantum Electron. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JSTQE.2016.2561201","journal-title":"IEEE J Sel Top Quantum Electron"},{"issue":"12","key":"4886_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3329","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0000000000001439","volume":"30","author":"HD Pinto","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pinto HD, Vanin AA, Miranda EF, Tomazoni SS, Johnson DS, Albuquerque-Pontes GM, Aleixo IO Junior, Grandinetti VD, Casalechi HL, de Carvalho PT, Leal-Junior EC (2016) Photobiomodulation therapy improves performance and accelerates recovery of high-level Rugby players in field test: a randomized, crossover, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study. J Strength Cond Res 30(12):3329\u20133338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1519\/JSC.0000000000001439","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"4886_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-016-1965-0","volume":"31","author":"C Bublitz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bublitz C, Renno AC, Ramos RS, Assis L, Sellera CA, Trimer R et al (2016) Acute effects of low-level laser therapy irradiation on blood lactate and muscle fatigue perception in hospitalized patients with heart failure-a pilot study. Lasers Med Sci 31(6):1203\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-016-1965-0","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"4886_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2017.4270","volume":"36","author":"C Stein","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stein C, Fernandes RO, Miozzo AP, Coronel CC, Baroni BM, Bello-Klein A et al (2018) Acute effects of low-level laser therapy on patients\u2019 functional capacity in the postoperative period of coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled trial. Photomed Laser Surg 36(3):122\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/pho.2017.4270","journal-title":"Photomed Laser Surg"},{"key":"4886_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4378","volume":"366","author":"K Dwan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dwan K, Li T, Altman DG, Elbourne D (2019) CONSORT 2010 statement: extension to adapted crossover trials. BMJ 366:l4378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.l4378","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"16","key":"4886_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.3087","volume":"321","author":"E Juszczak","year":"2019","unstructured":"Juszczak E, Altman DG, Hopewell S, Schulz K (2019) Reporting of multi-arm parallel-group randomized trials: extension of the CONSORT 2010 statement. JAMA 321(16):1610\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2019.3087","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"4886_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9968428","volume":"2022","author":"HD Pinto","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pinto HD, Casalechi HL, de Marchi T, Dos Santos Monteiro Machado C, Dias LB, Lino MMA, de Azevedo JB, Tomazoni SS, Leal-Junior ECP (2022) Photobiomodulation therapy combined with a static magnetic field applied in different moments enhances performance and accelerates muscle recovery in CrossFit\u00ae athletes: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2022:9968428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/9968428","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"4886_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6940","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.442075","volume":"12","author":"I Aleixo-Junior","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aleixo-Junior I, Leal-Junior E, Casalechi H, Vanin A, de Paiva P, Machado C, Dias L, Lino M, Teixeira A, Johnson D, Tomazoni S (2021) Immediate effects of photobiomodulation therapy combined with a static magnetic field on the subsequent performance: a preliminary randomized crossover triple-blinded placebo-controlled trial. Biomed Opt Express 12:6940\u20136953. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/BOE.442075","journal-title":"Biomed Opt Express"},{"issue":"11","key":"4886_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1111\/aor.12886","volume":"41","author":"J Schardong","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schardong J, Dipp T, Bozzeto CB, da Silva MG, Baldissera GL, Ribeiro R et al (2017) Effects of intradialytic neuromuscular electrical stimulation on strength and muscle architecture in patients with chronic kidney failure: randomized clinical trial. Artif Organs 41(11):1049\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aor.12886","journal-title":"Artif Organs"},{"issue":"41","key":"4886_CR30","first-page":"16","volume":"9","author":"CDC Neves","year":"2011","unstructured":"Neves CDC, Tossige-Gomes R, Avelar N, Sim\u00e3o AP, Lacerda ACR (2011) Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da confiabilidade da for\u00e7a isom\u00e9trica de extensores de joelho pelo uso da c\u00e9lula de carga. Ter Man 9(41):16\u201321","journal-title":"Ter Man"},{"key":"4886_CR31","unstructured":"Borg G (1998) Borg\u2019s perceived exertion and pain scales. Human kinetics"},{"issue":"1","key":"4886_CR32","first-page":"469","volume":"6","author":"FF Sousa","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sousa FF, Silva J (2005) A m\u00e9trica da dor (dormetria): problemas te\u00f3ricos e metodol\u00f3gicos. Ver Dor 6(1):469\u2013513","journal-title":"Ver Dor"},{"issue":"1","key":"4886_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2018.12.002","volume":"23","author":"ECP Leal-Junior","year":"2019","unstructured":"Leal-Junior ECP, Lopes-Martins R\u00c1B, Bjordal JM (2019) Clinical and scientific recommendations for the use of photobiomodulation therapy in exercise performance enhancement and post-exercise recovery: current evidence and future directions. Braz J Phys Ther 23(1):71\u201375","journal-title":"Braz J Phys Ther"},{"key":"4886_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schardong J, Falster M, Sisto IR, Barbosa APO, Normann TC, de Souza KS et al (2021) Photobiomodulation therapy increases functional capacity of patients with chronic kidney failure: randomized controlled trial. Lasers Med Sci. 36(1):119\u2009\u2013\u200929. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-020-03020-3","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-020-03020-3"},{"key":"4886_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rossato M, Dellagrana RA, Sakugawa RL, Baroni BM, Diefenthaeler F (2020) Dose-Response Effect of Photobiomodulation Therapy on Muscle Performance and Fatigue During a Multiple-Set Knee Extension Exercise: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg. 38(12):758\u2009\u2013\u200965. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/photob.2020.4820","DOI":"10.1089\/photob.2020.4820"},{"key":"4886_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Leal Junior EC, Lopes-Martins RA, Frigo L, De Marchi T, Rossi RP, de Godoi V et al (2010) Effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in the development of exercise-induced skeletal muscle fatigue and changes in biochemical markers related to postexercise recovery. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 40(8):524\u2009\u2013\u200932. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2519\/jospt.2010.3294","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2010.3294"},{"key":"4886_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Miranda EF, de Oliveira LV, Antonialli FC, Vanin AA, de Carvalho Pde T, Leal-Junior EC (2015) Phototherapy with combination of super-pulsed laser and light-emitting diodes is beneficial in improvement of muscular performance (strength and muscular endurance), dyspnea, and fatigue sensation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Lasers Med Sci. 30(1):437\u2009\u2013\u200943. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-014-1690-5","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-014-1690-5"},{"key":"4886_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dellagrana RA, Rossato M, Sakugawa RL, Lazzari CD, Baroni BM, Diefenthaeler F (2018) Dose-response effect of photobiomodulation therapy on neuromuscular economy during submaximal running. Lasers Med Sci. 33(2):329\u2009\u2013\u200936. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-017-2378-4","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-017-2378-4"},{"key":"4886_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Leal-Junior EC, Vanin AA, Miranda EF, de Carvalho Pde T, Dal Corso S, Bjordal JM (2015) Effect of phototherapy (low-level laser therapy and light-emitting diode therapy) on exercise performance and markers of exercise recovery: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci. 30(2):925\u2009\u2013\u200939. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-013-1465-4","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-013-1465-4"},{"key":"4886_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hauck M, Schardong J, Donini G, Normann TC, Plentz RDM (2023) Effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) over endothelial function in healthy individuals: a preliminary crossover clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci. 38(1):104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-023-03762-w","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-023-03762-w"},{"key":"4886_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Felician MCP, Belotto R, Tardivo JP, Baptista MS, Martins WK (2023) Photobiomodulation: Cellular, molecular, and clinical aspects. J Photochem Photobiol. 100197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpap.2023.100197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpap.2023.100197"},{"key":"4886_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li BM, Qiu DY, Ni PS, Wang ZZ, Duan R, Yang L, Liu CY, Chen BY, Li FH (2024) Can pre-exercise photobiomodulation improve muscle endurance and promote recovery from muscle strength and injuries in people with different activity levels? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Lasers Med Sci. 39(1):132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-024-04079-y","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-024-04079-y"},{"issue":"3","key":"4886_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.2405","volume":"73","author":"PT Morse","year":"2021","unstructured":"Morse PT, Goebel DJ, Wan J, Tuck S, Hakim L, H\u00fcttemann CL, Malek MH, Lee I, Sanderson TH, H\u00fcttemann M (2021) Cytochrome c oxidase-modulatory near-infrared light penetration into the human brain: implications for the noninvasive treatment of ischemia\/reperfusion injury. IUBMB Life 73(3):554\u2013567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/iub.2405","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"issue":"1","key":"4886_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-48.1.12","volume":"48","author":"PA Borsa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Borsa PA, Larkin KA, True JM (2013) Does phototherapy enhance skeletal muscle contractile function and postexercise recovery? A systematic review. J Athl Train 48(1):57\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4085\/1062-6050-48.1.12","journal-title":"J Athl Train"},{"issue":"2","key":"4886_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.33235\/rsaj.17.2.46-53","volume":"17","author":"K Lambert","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lambert K, Mooyman A, Burns P, Mullan J (2021) Prevalence of pain and analgesic use in people with chronic kidney disease. Ren Soc Australasia J 17(2):46\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33235\/rsaj.17.2.46-53","journal-title":"Ren Soc Australasia J"},{"issue":"10S","key":"4886_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2024pphr4x6b","volume":"35","author":"N Groninger","year":"2024","unstructured":"Groninger N et al (2024) Altered lactate metabolism at peak exercise in patients on dialysis: SA-PO431. J Am Soc Nephrol 35(10S):10.1681","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4886_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.3390\/sports6040153","volume":"6","author":"G Theofilidis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Theofilidis G, Bogdanis GC, Koutedakis Y, Karatzaferi C (2018) Monitoring exercise-induced muscle fatigue and adaptations: making sense of popular or emerging indices and biomarkers. Sports 6(4):153. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/sports6040153","journal-title":"Sports"}],"container-title":["Lasers in Medical Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10103-026-04886-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10103-026-04886-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10103-026-04886-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T02:56:11Z","timestamp":1779504971000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10103-026-04886-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4886"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-026-04886-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1435-604X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1435-604X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"100"}}