{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T14:47:36Z","timestamp":1791989256056,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lasers Med Sci"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-026-05070-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T14:10:59Z","timestamp":1791987059000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical outcomes of low versus high intensity laser therapy in patients with subacute carpal tunnel syndrome: A randomized, single-blinded, controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4681-5750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arif","family":"Ali Rana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1965-6224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashfaq","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5415-5196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siamak","family":"Bashardoust Tajali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0676-2271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arooj","family":"Munawar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8344-4509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryam","family":"Shabbir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"5070_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e27053","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.27053","volume":"14","author":"A Joshi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Joshi A, Patel K, Mohamed A, Oak S, Zhang MH, Hsiung H et al (2022) Carpal tunnel syndrome: pathophysiology and comprehensive guidelines for clinical evaluation and treatment. Cureus 14(7):e27053. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.27053","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"4","key":"5070_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70024","DOI":"10.1002\/msc.70024","volume":"22","author":"T Gebrye","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gebrye T, Jeans E, Yeowell G, Mbada C, Fatoye F (2024) Global and regional prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome: A meta-analysis based on a systematic review. Musculoskelet Care 22(4):e70024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/msc.70024","journal-title":"Musculoskelet Care"},{"key":"5070_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104211","volume":"117","author":"H Gerger","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gerger H, Macri EM, Jackson JA, Elbers RG, van Rijn R, S\u00f8gaard K et al (2024) Physical and psychosocial work-related exposures and the incidence of carpal tunnel syndrome: A systematic review of prospective studies. Appl Ergon 117:104211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apergo.2023.104211","journal-title":"Appl Ergon"},{"key":"5070_CR4","unstructured":"Bi\u00e7ki D, G\u00fcne\u015f G, Ege A (2024) (Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. 32\u201344) Rehabilitation in carpal tunnel syndrome. International Journal of Health Administration and Education Congress (Sanitas Magisterium) Ay\u015feg\u00fcl KAPTANO\u011eLU"},{"issue":"11","key":"5070_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000002427","volume":"103","author":"MM ElMeligie","year":"2024","unstructured":"ElMeligie MM, Ismail MM, Gomaa YS, Yehia AM, Sakr HR, ElGendy OM (2024) Effect of high-intensity laser therapy on carpal tunnel syndrome patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 103(11):979\u2013985. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PHM.0000000000002427","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"4","key":"5070_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.19106\/JMedSci005204202006","volume":"52","author":"N Sudiyono","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sudiyono N, Handoyo R (2020) Comparison of high-intensity and low-level laser therapy effect on combined sensory index, sensory conduction velocity and distal motoric latency: a study in moderate carpal tunnel syndrome patients. J Med Sci 52(4):335\u2013342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.19106\/JMedSci005204202006","journal-title":"J Med Sci"},{"key":"5070_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physio.2019.06.005","volume":"106","author":"WK Cheung","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cheung WK, Wu IX, Sit RW, Ho RS, Wong CH, Wong SY et al (2020) Low-level laser therapy for carpal tunnel syndrome: systematic review and network meta-analysis. Physiotherapy 106:24\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physio.2019.06.005","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"issue":"3","key":"5070_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2022.03.005","volume":"36","author":"AA Ashour","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ashour AA, Yehia RM, ElMeligie MM, Hanafy AF (2023) Effectiveness of high intensity laser therapy on pain, grip strength and median nerve conductivity in pregnant women with carpal tunnel syndrome: A randomized controlled trial. J Hand Ther 36(3):536\u2013545. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jht.2022.03.005","journal-title":"J Hand Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"5070_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.23736\/S1973-9087.19.05835-0","volume":"56","author":"K Ezzati","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ezzati K, Laakso E, Saberi A, Yousefzadeh Chabok S, Nasiri E, Bakhshayesh Eghbali B (2020) A comparative study of the dose-dependent effects of low level and high intensity photobiomodulation (laser) therapy on pain and electrophysiological parameters in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 56(6):733\u2013740. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23736\/S1973-9087.19.05835-0","journal-title":"Eur J Phys Rehabil Med"},{"key":"5070_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physio.2025.101780","volume":"128","author":"HA de la Barra Ortiz","year":"2025","unstructured":"de la Barra Ortiz HA, Avila MA, Parizotto NA, Liebano RE (2025) A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of high-intensity laser therapy in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Physiotherapy 128:101780. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.physio.2025.101780","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"issue":"8","key":"5070_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD012765","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012765","volume":"8","author":"IA Rankin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rankin IA, Sargeant H, Rehman H, Gurusamy KS (2017) Low-level laser therapy for carpal tunnel syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 8(8):CD012765. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD012765","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"5070_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2023.12.009","volume":"37","author":"A Ghasemi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ghasemi A, Olyaei GR, Bagheri H, Hadian MR, Jalaei S, Otadi K et al (2024) A randomized clinical trial on the changing of median nerve cross-sectional area and pain after extracorporeal shock wave and low-level laser therapy added to conventional physical therapy in patients with mild-to-moderate carpal tunnel syndrome. J Hand Ther 37(4):555\u2013562. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jht.2023.12.009","journal-title":"J Hand Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"5070_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.22271\/ortho.2023.v9.i2e.3389","volume":"9","author":"C Tservinioti","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tservinioti C, Trevlaki E, Chalkia A, Trevlakis E (2023) The efficacy of physical therapy interventions in carpal tunnel syndrome: A narrative review. Int J Orthop Sci 9(2):352\u2013357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22271\/ortho.2023.v9.i2e.3389","journal-title":"Int J Orthop Sci"},{"issue":"12","key":"5070_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2536","DOI":"10.36740\/WLek\/196561","volume":"77","author":"A \u017byluk","year":"2024","unstructured":"\u017byluk A, \u017byluk A (2024) Effectiveness of non-operative methods of treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome: a narrative review. Wiad Lek (Warsaw Poland: 1960) 77(12):2536\u20132545. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36740\/WLek\/196561","journal-title":"Wiad Lek (Warsaw Poland: 1960)"},{"key":"5070_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Daugherty M (2025) Wrist\/Hand. Physical Rehabilitation for Musculoskeletal Conditions. Routledge, pp 134\u2013182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4324\/9781003525684-7","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003525684-7"},{"issue":"1","key":"5070_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-023-03913-z","volume":"38","author":"F Yi\u011fit","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yi\u011fit F, Ordahan B (2023) Effects of high-intensity laser therapy on pain, functional status, hand grip strength, and median nerve cross-sectional area by ultrasonography in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Lasers Med Sci 38(1):248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-023-03913-z","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"5070_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2006.2032","volume":"25","author":"D Evcik","year":"2007","unstructured":"Evcik D, Kavuncu V, Cakir T, Subasi V, Yaman M (2007) Laser therapy in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Photomed Laser Surg 25(1):34\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/pho.2006.2032","journal-title":"Photomed Laser Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"5070_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(84)80146-X","volume":"9","author":"V Mathiowetz","year":"1984","unstructured":"Mathiowetz V, Weber K, Volland G, Kashman N (1984) Reliability and validity of grip and pinch strength evaluations. J Hand Surg 9(2):222\u2013226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0363-5023(84)80146-X","journal-title":"J Hand Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"5070_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.11.1589","volume":"58","author":"CK Jablecki","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jablecki CK, Andary MT, Floeter MK, Miller RG, Quartly CA, Vennix MJ (2002) et. Practice parameter: electrodiagnostic studies in carpal tunnel syndrome [RETIRED] report of the American association of electrodiagnostic medicine, American academy of neurology, and the American academy of physical medicine and rehabilitation. Neurology 58(11):1589\u20131592. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.58.11.1589","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"5070_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-010-1637-5","volume":"469","author":"JR Fowler","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fowler JR, Gaughan JP, Ilyas AM (2011) The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound for the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome: a meta-analysis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 469(4):1089\u20131094. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-010-1637-5","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"5070_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3495","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-022-03616-x","volume":"37","author":"MS Alayat","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alayat MS, Elsodany AM, AlMatrafi NA, Fiky AA (2022) Effectiveness of multiwave locked system laser on the treatment of patients with idiopathic Bell\u2019s palsy: a randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial. Lasers Med Sci 37(9):3495\u20133502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-022-03616-x","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"key":"5070_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1007\/s40122-025-00756-0","volume":"14","author":"P Song","year":"2025","unstructured":"Song P, Ma C, Xu C, Zhang Y, Yuan Y (2025) Efficacy of Combined High-Intensity Laser Therapy and Collagenase Chemonucleolysis in Lumbar Disc Herniation Management: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial. Pain Ther 14:1379\u20131398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40122-025-00756-0","journal-title":"Pain Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"5070_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.3934\/biophy.2017.3.337","volume":"4","author":"MR Hamblin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hamblin MR (2017) Mechanisms and applications of the anti-inflammatory effects of photobiomodulation. AIMS Biophys 4(3):337\u2013361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3934\/biophy.2017.3.337","journal-title":"AIMS Biophys"},{"issue":"1","key":"5070_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2023.07.018","volume":"105","author":"I L\u00f3pez-de-Uralde-Villanueva","year":"2024","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-de-Uralde-Villanueva I, Fern\u00e1ndez-de-Las-Pe\u00f1as C, Cleland JA, Cook C, de-la-Llave-Rinc\u00f3n AI, Valera-Calero JA et al (2024) Minimal clinically important differences in hand pain intensity (numerical pain rate scale) and related-function (Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire) in women with carpal tunnel syndrome. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 105(1):67\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2023.07.018","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"2","key":"5070_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.14474\/ptrs.2024.13.2.231","volume":"13","author":"J Kim","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kim J, Cho M, Chung Y (2024) The effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and ultrasound treatment combined with high intensity laser treatment on pain, grip strength, and hand function in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Phys Ther Rehabil Sci 13(2):231\u2013239. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14474\/ptrs.2024.13.2.231","journal-title":"Phys Ther Rehabil Sci"},{"key":"5070_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1508604","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2025.1508604","volume":"16","author":"XL Chu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chu XL, Zhao XX, Liu SY, Li YJ, Ding N, Liu MQ et al (2025) Research progress in different physical therapies for treating peripheral nerve injuries. Front Neurol 16:1508604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2025.1508604","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"5070_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4663","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-022-11201-z","volume":"269","author":"TY Lin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lin TY, Chang KV, Wu WT, \u00d6z\u00e7akar L (2022) Ultrasonography for the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome: an umbrella review. J Neurol 269(9):4663\u20134675. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-022-11201-z","journal-title":"J Neurol"}],"container-title":["Lasers in Medical Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10103-026-05070-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10103-026-05070-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10103-026-05070-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T14:11:04Z","timestamp":1791987064000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10103-026-05070-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5070"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10103-026-05070-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1435-604X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1435-604X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 October 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"257"}}