{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:14:25Z","timestamp":1792782865992,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632700800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"japanese radiation oncology study group"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gastric Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-021-01254-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T14:08:12Z","timestamp":1632751692000},"page":"411-421","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Treatment response after palliative radiotherapy for bleeding gastric cancer: a multicenter prospective observational study (JROSG 17-3)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1955-6773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tetsuo","family":"Saito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Kosugi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Wada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayako","family":"Tonari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirofumi","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norio","family":"Mitsuhashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazunari","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeo","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kei","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuhei","family":"Sekii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norio","family":"Araki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miwako","family":"Nozaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joichi","family":"Heianna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenta","family":"Murotani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Hirano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atai","family":"Satoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsuyoshi","family":"Onoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Watakabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoto","family":"Shikama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"1254_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","volume":"71","author":"H Sung","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71:209\u201349.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"1254_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-017-0742-5","volume":"21","author":"R Warschkow","year":"2018","unstructured":"Warschkow R, Baechtold M, Leung K, Schmied BM, Nussbaum DP, Gloor B, et al. Selective survival advantage associated with primary tumor resection for metastatic gastric cancer in a Western population. Gastric Cancer. 2018;21:324\u201337.","journal-title":"Gastric Cancer"},{"key":"1254_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-012-0902-3","volume":"397","author":"Y Dittmar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dittmar Y, Rauchfuss F, Goetz M, Jandt K, Scheuerlein H, Heise M, et al. Non-curative gastric resection for patients with stage 4 gastric cancer\u2013a single center experience and current review of literature. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2012;397:745\u201353.","journal-title":"Langenbecks Arch Surg"},{"key":"1254_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12347","volume":"38","author":"S Sheibani","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sheibani S, Kim JJ, Chen B, Park S, Saberi B, Keyashian K, et al. Natural history of acute upper GI bleeding due to tumours: short-term success and long-term recurrence with or without endoscopic therapy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2013;38:144\u201350.","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"1254_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12029-021-00632-y","author":"H Sugita","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sugita H, Sakuramoto S, Mihara Y, Matsui K, Nishibeppu K, Ebara G, et al. Verification of the utility of palliative radiotherapy for hemostasis of gastric cancer bleeding: a case control study. J Gastrointest Cancer. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12029-021-00632-y.","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Cancer"},{"key":"1254_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines7030054","volume":"7","author":"H Kawabata","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kawabata H, Hitomi M, Motoi S. Management of bleeding from unresectable gastric cancer. Biomedicines. 2019;7:54.","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"1254_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1644","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2020\/e1644","volume":"75","author":"GA Viani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Viani GA, Arruda CV, Hamamura AC, Faustino AC, Danelichen AFB, Matsuura FK, et al. Palliative radiotherapy for gastric cancer: is there a dose relationship between bleeding response and radiotherapy? Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2020;75:e1644.","journal-title":"Clinics (Sao Paulo)"},{"key":"1254_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.14740\/wjon977w","volume":"7","author":"T Kosugi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kosugi T, Shikama N, Saito T, Nakamura N, Nakura A, Harada H, et al. A Nationwide survey in Japan of palliative radiotherapy for bleeding in gastrointestinal and genitourinary tumor patients. World J Oncol. 2016;7:29\u201333.","journal-title":"World J Oncol"},{"key":"1254_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.2021","volume":"8","author":"J Tey","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tey J, Zheng H, Soon YY, Leong CN, Koh WY, Lim K, et al. Palliative radiotherapy in symptomatic locally advanced gastric cancer: a phase II trial. Cancer Med. 2019;8:1447\u201358.","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"1254_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20190958","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20190958","volume":"93","author":"O Tanaka","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tanaka O, Sugiyama A, Omatsu T, Tawada M, Makita C, Matsuo M. Hemostatic radiotherapy for inoperable gastric cancer: a pilot study. Br J Radiol. 2020;93:20190958.","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"1254_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-62-740-679","volume":"62","author":"JF Fowler","year":"1989","unstructured":"Fowler JF. The linear-quadratic formula and progress in fractionated radiotherapy. Br J Radiol. 1989;62:679\u201394.","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"1254_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(96)00075-X","volume":"17","author":"M Schemper","year":"1996","unstructured":"Schemper M, Smith TL. A note on quantifying follow-up in studies of failure time. Control Clin Trials. 1996;17:343\u20136.","journal-title":"Control Clin Trials"},{"key":"1254_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1007\/s005200050242","volume":"7","author":"T Morita","year":"1999","unstructured":"Morita T, Tsunoda J, Inoue S, Chihara S. The Palliative Prognostic Index: a scoring system for survival prediction of terminally ill cancer patients. Support Care Cancer. 1999;7:128\u201333.","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"1254_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6439","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3437","volume":"27","author":"J Beyersmann","year":"2008","unstructured":"Beyersmann J, Wolkewitz M, Schumacher M. The impact of time-dependent bias in proportional hazards modelling. Stat Med. 2008;27:6439\u201354.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"1254_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1999.10474144","volume":"94","author":"JP Fine","year":"1999","unstructured":"Fine JP, Gray RJ. A proportional hazards model for the subdistribution of a competing risk. J Am Stat Assoc. 1999;94:496\u2013509.","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"1254_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2389","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.2712","volume":"26","author":"H Putter","year":"2007","unstructured":"Putter H, Fiocco M, Geskus RB. Tutorial in biostatistics: competing risks and multi-state models. Stat Med. 2007;26:2389\u2013430.","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"1254_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1111\/biom.12252","volume":"71","author":"JM Lange","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lange JM, Hubbard RA, Inoue LYT, Minin VN. A joint model for multistate disease processes and random informative observation times, with applications to electronic medical records data. Biometrics. 2015;71:90\u2013101.","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"1254_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1007\/s10985-008-9097-x","volume":"14","author":"PK Andersen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Andersen PK, Pohar PM. Inference for outcome probabilities in multi-state models. Lifetime Data Anal. 2008;14:405\u201331.","journal-title":"Lifetime Data Anal"},{"key":"1254_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.4054\/DemRes.2014.30.62","volume":"30","author":"J Beyersmann","year":"2014","unstructured":"Beyersmann J, Putter H. A note on computing average state occupation times. Demogr Res. 2014;30:1681\u201396.","journal-title":"Demogr Res"},{"key":"1254_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v038.i07","volume":"38","author":"L de Wreede","year":"2011","unstructured":"de Wreede L, Fiocco M, Putter H. mstate: An R package for the analysis of competing risks and multi-state models. J Stat Softw. 2011;38:1\u201330.","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"1254_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clon.2007.09.009","volume":"20","author":"KK Li","year":"2008","unstructured":"Li KK, Hadi S, Kirou-Mauro A, Chow E. When should we define the response rates in the treatment of bone metastases by palliative radiotherapy? Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2008;20:83\u20139.","journal-title":"Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol)"},{"key":"1254_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e118","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000000118","volume":"93","author":"J Tey","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tey J, Choo BA, Leong CN, Loy EY, Wong LC, Lim K, et al. Clinical outcome of palliative radiotherapy for locally advanced symptomatic gastric cancer in the modern era. Medicine (Baltimore). 2014;93:e118.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"1254_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2008.02.008","volume":"61","author":"J Beyersmann","year":"2008","unstructured":"Beyersmann J, Gastmeier P, Wolkewitz M, Schumacher M. An easy mathematical proof showed that time-dependent bias inevitably leads to biased effect estimation. J Clin Epidemiol. 2008;61:1216\u201321.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"1254_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1080\/02841860701621233","volume":"47","author":"MM Kim","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kim MM, Rana V, Janjan NA, Das P, Phan AT, Delclos ME, et al. Clinical benefit of palliative radiation therapy in advanced gastric cancer. Acta Oncol. 2008;47:421\u20137.","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"1254_CR25","first-page":"384","volume":"8","author":"CL Chaw","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chaw CL, Niblock PG, Chaw CS, Adamson DJ. The role of palliative radiotherapy for haemostasis in unresectable gastric cancer: a single-institution experience. Ecancer Med Sci. 2014;8:384.","journal-title":"Ecancer Med Sci"},{"key":"1254_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-009-0553-0","volume":"135","author":"K Hashimoto","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hashimoto K, Mayahara H, Takashima A, Nakajima TE, Kato K, Hamaguchi T, et al. Palliative radiation therapy for hemorrhage of unresectable gastric cancer: a single institute experience. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2009;135:1117\u201323.","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1254_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-017-3508-x","volume":"17","author":"YH Lee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee YH, Lee JW, Jang HS. Palliative external beam radiotherapy for the treatment of tumor bleeding in inoperable advanced gastric cancer. BMC Cancer. 2017;17:541.","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"}],"container-title":["Gastric Cancer"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10120-021-01254-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10120-021-01254-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10120-021-01254-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]],"date-time":"2022-09-26T20:02:58Z","timestamp":1664222578000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10120-021-01254-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["1254"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10120-021-01254-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1436-3291","1436-3305"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1436-3291","type":"print"},{"value":"1436-3305","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 July 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 September 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 September 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and later versions. Informed consent to be included in the study was obtained from all patients.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical standards"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}