{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:23:12Z","timestamp":1792804992225,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,18]],"date-time":"2021-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637193600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,18]],"date-time":"2021-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637193600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008359","name":"Maag Lever Darm Stichting","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["D18-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D18-02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gastric Cancer"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Gastric and colorectal cancer (CRC) are both one of the most common cancers worldwide. In many countries fecal immunochemical tests (FIT)-based CRC screening has been implemented. We investigated if FIT can also be applied for detection of <jats:italic>H. pylori,<\/jats:italic> the main risk factor for gastric cancer.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This prospective study included participants over 18\u00a0years of age referred for urea breath test (UBT). Patients were excluded if they had used antibiotics\/bismuth in the past 4 weeks, or a proton pomp inhibitor (PPI) in the past 2 weeks. Participants underwent UBT, ELISA stool antigen test in standard feces tube (SAT), ELISA stool antigen test in FIT tube (Hp-FIT), and blood sampling, and completed a questionnaire on user friendliness. UBT results were used as reference.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 182 patients were included (37.4% male, median age 52.4\u00a0years (IQR 22.4)). Of these, 60 (33.0%) tested <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> positive. SAT and Hp-FIT showed comparable overall accuracy 71.1% (95%CI 63.2\u201378.3) vs. 77.6% (95%CI 70.4\u201383.8), respectively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.97). Sensitivity of SAT was 91.8% (95%CI 80.4\u201397.7) versus 94.2% (95%CI 84.1\u201398.9) of Hp-FIT (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.98). Serology scored low with an overall accuracy of 49.7% (95%CI 41.7\u201357.7). Hp-FIT showed the highest overall user convenience.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>FIT can be used with high accuracy and sensitivity for diagnosis of <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> and is rated as the most convenient test. Non-invasive Hp-FIT test is highly promising for combined upper and lower gastrointestinal (pre-) cancerous screening. Further research should investigate the clinical implications, benefits and cost-effectiveness of such an approach.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-021-01264-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,18]],"date-time":"2021-11-18T14:02:48Z","timestamp":1637244168000},"page":"375-381","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Accuracy of H. pylori fecal antigen test using fecal immunochemical test (FIT)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"S. A. V.","family":"Nieuwenburg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. C.","family":"Mommersteeg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. M. M.","family":"Wolters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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MCM declares that he has no conflict of interest. LMMW declares that she has no conflict of interest. AJV declares that she has no conflict of interest. NE declares that she has no conflict of interest. MPP declares that he has no conflict of interest. GMF declares that she has no conflict of interest. MJB has received research grants from Boston Scientific, grants and personal fees from Cook Medical, grants from Pentax Medical, grants from 3M, grants from Mylan, grants from InterScope, outside the submitted work. EJK declares that he has no conflict of interest. MCWS has received grants from sysmex, sentinel, Medtronic, Boston Scientific, Norgine, outside the submitted work.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and later versions. Informed consent to be included in the study, or the equivalent, was obtained from all patients.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical statement"}}]}}