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This study evaluates differences in biomarker expression between primary G\/EGJ and paired peritoneal metastases (PM).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed 74 cases of primary G\/EGJ and paired PM using immunohistochemistry for HER2, PD-L1, Claudin18 (CLDN18), DNA mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, p53, E-cadherin, and in situ hybridization for EBER. Biomarker concordance between primary and metastatic tumors was assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Primary G\/EGJ were predominantly poorly cohesive (45.9%) or mixed-type (37.8%). Regarding predictive biomarkers, low rates of HER2 overexpression (5.4%), MMR deficiency (4.1%), and EBER positivity (1.4%) were observed, while PD-L1 CPS\u2009\u2265\u20091 occurred in 79.7% of cases and CLDN18 positivity was observed in 31.1% of cases. Concordance was perfect for MMR and EBER, while PD-L1 showed the highest discordance (32.4%). HER2 had a low discordance rate (2.7%). CLDN18 exhibited good concordance (86.5%) and showed consistent positivity in PD-L1- and HER2-negative primary tumors (28.6%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>G\/EGJ with PM show distinct molecular features and spatial heterogeneity, with MMR, EBER, and HER2 demonstrating strong concordance, while PD-L1 showed greater variability. As for novel biomarkers, CLDN18.2 shows substantial concordance between primary G\/EGJ and PM and could be a promising target in HER2\/PD-L1-negative G\/EGJ with PM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-025-01609-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T15:39:59Z","timestamp":1744213199000},"page":"569-578","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Heterogeneity of predictive biomarker expression in gastric and esophago-gastric junction carcinoma with peritoneal dissemination"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Valentina","family":"Angerilli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matilde","family":"Callegarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Govoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"De Lisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Paudice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Fugazzola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Vanoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Parente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Bergamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Luchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelo Paolo","family":"Dei Tos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Grillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Lonardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Mastracci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaya","family":"Spolverato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6515-5482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Fassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"1609_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E2348","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12082236","volume":"12","author":"Y Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen Y, Zhou Q, Wang H, Zhuo W, Ding Y, Lu J, et al. 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