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The ability of\n                    <jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    to form enduring biofilms makes treatment inherently difficult, and options are further limited by emerging antibiotic resistance. The discovery of new antibiotics, particularly those with antibiofilm activity, is therefore increasingly important. Antimicrobial proteins and peptides (AMPs) from marine invertebrates are recognised as promising pharmacological leads. This study determined the in vitro antibacterial activity of hemolymph and unique protein fractions from an Australian oyster (\n                    <jats:italic>Saccostrea glomerata<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) against multi-drug-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We developed a successful method for hemolymph extraction and separation into 16 fractions by preparative HPLC. The strongest activity was observed in fraction 7: at 42 \u00b5g\/mL protein, this fraction was bactericidal to\n                    <jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                    and inhibited biofilm formation. Proteomic analysis showed that fraction 7 contained relatively high abundance of carbonic anhydrase, cofilin, cystatin B\u2013like, and gelsolin-like proteins, while surrounding fractions, which showed lower or no antibacterial activity, contained these proteins in lower abundance or not at all. This work supports traditional medicinal uses of oysters and contributes to further research and development of novel hemolymph\/AMP-based treatments for pneumococcal infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10126-024-10297-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,2]],"date-time":"2024-03-02T09:02:00Z","timestamp":1709370120000},"page":"862-875","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Semi-purified Antimicrobial Proteins from Oyster Hemolymph Inhibit Pneumococcal Infection"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Kate","family":"Summer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bronwyn","family":"Barkla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsten","family":"Benkendorff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"10297_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2016.09.018","volume":"133","author":"JM Ageitos","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ageitos JM, S\u00e1nchez-P\u00e9rez A, Calo-Mata P, Villa TG (2017) Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs): ancient compounds that represent novel weapons in the fight against bacteria. 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