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During gonadal differentiation, the expression of <jats:italic>cyp19a1a<\/jats:italic> in XX gonads and <jats:italic>dmrt1<\/jats:italic> in XY gonads are required for undifferentiated tissues to develop into ovary or testis. In this study, quantitative real-time RT-PCR assessed the expression of <jats:italic>cyp19a1a<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>dmrt1<\/jats:italic> genes in gonads and tail fin tissues. Differences in gene expression mean among sexually differentiated fish were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and validation of mixed model using discriminant analysis (DA) for morphometric traits and the gene expression in gonads and tail fin tissues used to validate and utilize them in discriminating sexes in sex-differentiated Nile Tilapia fish. The results revealed that, <jats:italic>cyp19a1a<\/jats:italic> gene expression in female ovaries was more significant than <jats:italic>dmrt1<\/jats:italic> in male testis. In the other hand, the <jats:italic>dmrt1<\/jats:italic> gene expression in the tail fin was higher in males than females. Both, <jats:italic>cyp19a1a<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>dmrt1<\/jats:italic> genes, can discriminate fish sexes by 100% by using their expression in tail fin tissues. In conclusion, the <jats:italic>cyp19a1a<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>dmrt1<\/jats:italic> genes could be used as a genetic marker to discriminate between the Nile Tilapia sexes, whereas used as an indicator for ovarian or testis differentiation in sexually differentiated Nile Tilapia using tail fin tissues. It is worth mentioning that this is the first investigation for using <jats:italic>cyp19a1a<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>dmrt1<\/jats:italic> genes from Nile Tilapia tail fin tissues in sex determination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10126-024-10340-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]],"date-time":"2024-06-28T04:03:28Z","timestamp":1719547408000},"page":"943-950","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A New Investigation to Discriminate Sexes in Alive Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Using Cyp19a1a and Dmrt1 Gene Expression in Tail Fin Tissues"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Samy Y.","family":"El-Zaeem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amr","family":"El-Hanafy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alaa A.","family":"El-Dahhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayaat M.","family":"Elmaghraby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amany M.","family":"Hendy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"10340_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/61.3.590","volume":"61","author":"N Ahluwalia","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ahluwalia N, Lammi-Keefe CJ, Bendel RB et al (1995) Iron deficiency and anemia of chronic disease in elderly women: a discriminant-analysis approach for differentiation. 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