{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T07:45:40Z","timestamp":1772091940894,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737936000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00405986"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00405986"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00405986"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00405986"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mar Biotechnol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10126-025-10414-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]],"date-time":"2025-01-27T05:01:47Z","timestamp":1737954107000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Improved Protective Efficacy in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Against Vibrio anguillarum Through Immunization with a Combination of Formalin-Killed and Auxotrophic-Live V. anguillarum"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Kyung Min","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ki Hong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"10414_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2008.00104.x","volume":"32","author":"H Barreteau","year":"2008","unstructured":"Barreteau H, Kova\u010d A, Boniface A et al (2008) Cytoplasmic steps of peptidoglycan biosynthesis. FEMS Microbiol Rev 32:168\u2013207","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10414_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqm110","volume":"57","author":"D Baxter","year":"2007","unstructured":"Baxter D (2007) Active and passive immunity, vaccine types, excipients and licensing. Occup Med 57:552\u2013556","journal-title":"Occup Med"},{"key":"10414_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2018.12.030","volume":"86","author":"Y Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen Y, Cai S, Jian J (2019) Protection against Vibrio alginolyticus in pearl gentian grouper (\u2640Epinephelus fuscoguttatus \u00d7 \u2642Epinephelus lanceolatu) immunized with an acfA-deletion live attenuated vaccine. Fish Shellfish Immunol 86:875\u2013881","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol"},{"key":"10414_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquaculture.2016.02.019","volume":"458","author":"SH Choi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Choi SH, Kim MS, Kim KH (2016) Knockout of two alanine racemase genes of Vibrio anguillarum and its potential as an attenuated vaccine in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Aquaculture 458:8\u201312","journal-title":"Aquaculture"},{"key":"10414_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2859-5-23","volume":"5","author":"A Detmer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Detmer A, Glenting J (2006) Live bacterial vaccines \u2013 a review and identification of potential hazards. Microb Cell Factories 5:23","journal-title":"Microb Cell Factories"},{"key":"10414_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2761.2011.01279.x","volume":"34","author":"I Frans","year":"2011","unstructured":"Frans I, Michiels CW, Bossier P et al (2011) Vibrio anguillarum as a fish pathogen: virulence factors, diagnosis and prevention. J Fish Dis 34:643\u2013661","journal-title":"J Fish Dis"},{"key":"10414_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5937","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.08.074","volume":"32","author":"Y Gao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gao Y, Wu H, Wang Q et al (2014) A live attenuated combination vaccine evokes effective immune-mediated protection against Edwardsiella tarda and Vibrio anguillarum. Vaccine 32:5937\u20135944","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10414_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3804","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.179.11.3804-3807.1997","volume":"179","author":"P Hols","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hols P, Defrenne C, Ferain T et al (1997) The alanine racemase gene is essential for growth of Lactobacillus plantarum. J Bacteriol 179:3804\u20133807","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"10414_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsi.2012.03.032","volume":"32","author":"Y Hu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hu Y, Deng T, Sun B, Sun L (2012) Development and efficacy of an attenuated Vibrio harveyi vaccine candidate with cross protectivity against Vibrio alginolyticus. Fish Shellfish Immunol 32:1155\u20131161","journal-title":"Fish Shellfish Immunol"},{"key":"10414_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/aah.10045","volume":"31","author":"MY Ina-Salwany","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ina-Salwany MY, Al-saari N, Mohamad A et al (2019) Vibriosis in fish: a review on disease development and prevention. J Aquat Anim Heal 31:3\u201322","journal-title":"J Aquat Anim Heal"},{"key":"10414_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2020.07.002","volume":"226","author":"Q Ji","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ji Q, Wang S, Ma J, Liu Q (2020) A review: progress in the development of fish Vibrio spp. vaccines. Immunol Lett 226:46\u201354","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"key":"10414_CR12","first-page":"2692","volume":"14","author":"A Kumar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kumar A, Middha SK, Menon SV et al (2024) Current challenges of vaccination in fish health management. Anim\u202f: Open Access J MDPI 14:2692","journal-title":"Anim : Open Access J MDPI"},{"key":"10414_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.01.067","volume":"36","author":"X Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu X, Jiao C, Ma Y et al (2018) A live attenuated Vibrio anguillarum vaccine induces efficient immunoprotection in Tiger puffer (Takifugu rubripes). Vaccine 36:1460\u20131466","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10414_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1971","DOI":"10.1007\/s10499-022-00884-w","volume":"30","author":"H Mondal","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mondal H, Thomas J (2022) A review on the recent advances and application of vaccines against fish pathogens in aquaculture. Aquac Int 30:1971\u20132000","journal-title":"Aquac Int"},{"key":"10414_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-017-1124-1","volume":"17","author":"X Mou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mou X, Spinard EJ, Hillman SL, Nelson DR (2017) Isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation in Vibrio anguillarum results in virulence attenuation and immunoprotection in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). BMC Microbiol 17:217","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"10414_CR16","unstructured":"Nations F and AO of the U (2018) The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2018. State World Fish Aquac."},{"key":"10414_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.55.6.1400-1405.1989","volume":"55","author":"A Norqvist","year":"1989","unstructured":"Norqvist A, Hagstr\u00f6m A, Wolf-Watz H (1989) Protection of rainbow trout against vibriosis and furunculosis by the use of attenuated strains of Vibrio anguillarum. Appl Environ Microbiol 55:1400\u20131405","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"10414_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2018.05.002","volume":"26","author":"T P\u00e9rez-S\u00e1nchez","year":"2018","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-S\u00e1nchez T, Mora-S\u00e1nchez B, Balc\u00e1zar JL (2018) Biological approaches for disease control in aquaculture: advantages, limitations and challenges. Trends Microbiol 26:896\u2013903","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"key":"10414_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-7345.2009.00279.x","volume":"40","author":"CA Shoemaker","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shoemaker CA, Klesius PH, Evans JJ, Arias CR (2009) Use of modified live vaccines in aquaculture. J World Aquac Soc 40:573\u2013585","journal-title":"J World Aquac Soc"},{"key":"10414_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2393","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)81624-1","volume":"264","author":"CT Walsh","year":"1989","unstructured":"Walsh CT (1989) Enzymes in the D-alanine branch of bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan assembly. J Biol Chem 264:2393\u20132396","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10414_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1017\/S001667230001380X","volume":"20","author":"HJW Wijsman","year":"1972","unstructured":"Wijsman HJW (1972) The characterization of an alanine racemase mutant of Escherichia coli. Genet Res 20:269\u2013277","journal-title":"Genet Res"},{"key":"10414_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2013.05.012","volume":"154","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang Z, Wu H, Xiao J et al (2013) Immune responses evoked by infection with Vibrio anguillarum in zebrafish bath-vaccinated with a live attenuated strain. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 154:138\u2013144","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"10414_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938822","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.938822","volume":"9","author":"W Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang W, Chen L, Feng H et al (2022) Functional characterization of Vibrio alginolyticus T3SS regulator ExsA and evaluation of its mutant as a live attenuated vaccine candidate in zebrafish (Danio rerio) model. Front Vet Sci 9:938822","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"}],"container-title":["Marine Biotechnology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10126-025-10414-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10126-025-10414-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10126-025-10414-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]],"date-time":"2025-02-25T11:11:05Z","timestamp":1740481865000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10126-025-10414-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10414"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10126-025-10414-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1436-2228","1436-2236"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1436-2228","type":"print"},{"value":"1436-2236","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 January 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Pukyong National University (APPROVAL NUMBER: PKNUIACUC-2023\u201373).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"35"}}