{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T18:02:58Z","timestamp":1792519378406,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]],"date-time":"2019-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]],"date-time":"2019-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Emerg Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10140-019-01730-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]],"date-time":"2019-11-07T13:03:30Z","timestamp":1573131810000},"page":"75-85","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Imaging review of ocular and optic nerve trauma"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Sudheer","family":"Balakrishnan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Harsini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sravanthi","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6897-4758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salar","family":"Tofighi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Gholamrezanezhad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"1730_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1992.01080180110037","volume":"110","author":"J Klopfer","year":"1992","unstructured":"Klopfer J, Tielsch JM, Vitale S, See L-C, Canner JK (1992) Ocular trauma in the United States: eye injuries resulting in hospitalization, 1984 through 1987. Arch Ophthalmol 110(6):838\u2013842","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1730_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1076\/opep.6.3.159.1505","volume":"6","author":"RS Baker","year":"1999","unstructured":"Baker RS, Wilson MR, Flowers J, Charles W, Lee DA, Wheeler NC (1999) A population-based survey of hospitalized work-related ocular injury: diagnoses, cause of injury, resource utilization, and hospitalization outcome. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 6(3):159\u2013169","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1730_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/168.2.101","volume":"168","author":"DA Hsieh","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hsieh DA, Stout JW, Lee RB, Gaydos JC (2003) The incidence of eye injuries at three US Army installations. Mil Med 168(2):101\u2013105","journal-title":"Mil Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"1730_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1076\/opep.5.3.143.8364","volume":"5","author":"A-D N\u00e9grel","year":"1998","unstructured":"N\u00e9grel A-D, Thylefors B (1998) The global impact of eye injuries. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 5(3):143\u2013169","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1730_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1080\/09286580600665886","volume":"13","author":"F Kuhn","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kuhn F, Morris R, Witherspoon CD, Mann L (2006) Epidemiology of blinding trauma in the United States eye injury registry. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 13(3):209\u2013216","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1730_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.123.7.970","volume":"123","author":"G McGwin","year":"2005","unstructured":"McGwin G, Xie A, Owsley C (2005) Rate of eye injury in the United States. Arch Ophthalmol 123(7):970\u2013976","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1730_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2018.4685","volume":"137","author":"M Iftikhar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Iftikhar M, Latif A, Farid UZ, Usmani B, Canner JK, Shah SM (2019) Changes in the incidence of eye trauma hospitalizations in the United States from 2001 through 2014. JAMA Ophthalmol 137(1):48\u201356","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1730_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(72)80017-2","volume":"4","author":"K Soni","year":"1972","unstructured":"Soni K, Eustace P (1972) Missed ocular perforations after road traffic accidents. Injury 4(1):79\u201380","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"7","key":"1730_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.297095123","volume":"29","author":"S Bahrami","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bahrami S, Yim CM (2009) Quality initiatives: blind spots at brain imaging. Radiographics 29(7):1877\u20131896","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"6","key":"1730_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.286085523","volume":"28","author":"WS Kubal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kubal WS (2008) Imaging of orbital trauma. Radiographics 28(6):1729\u20131739","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"2","key":"1730_CR11","first-page":"81","volume":"32","author":"T Iinuma","year":"1994","unstructured":"Iinuma T, Hirota Y, Ishio K (1994) Orbital wall fractures. Conventional views and CT. Rhinology 32(2):81\u201383","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"issue":"4","key":"1730_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2013.289","volume":"28","author":"M Andreoli","year":"2014","unstructured":"Andreoli M, Yiu G, Hart L, Andreoli C (2014) B-scan ultrasonography following open globe repair. Eye 28(4):381","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"4","key":"1730_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coms.2012.08.003","volume":"24","author":"TA Turvey","year":"2012","unstructured":"Turvey TA, Golden BA (2012) Orbital anatomy for the surgeon. Oral Maxillof Surg Clin 24(4):525\u2013536","journal-title":"Oral Maxillof Surg Clin"},{"issue":"5","key":"1730_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5107","volume":"38","author":"U Bodanapally","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bodanapally U, Addis H, Dreizin D, Reddy A, Margo J, Archer-Arroyo K, Feldman S, Saboury B, Sudini K, Saeedi O (2017) Prognostic predictors of visual outcome in open globe injury: emphasis on facial CT findings. Am J Neuroradiol 38(5):1013\u20131018","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1730_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.04.008","volume":"115","author":"G Schmidt","year":"2008","unstructured":"Schmidt G, Broman A, Hindman HB, Grant MP (2008) Vision survival after open globe injury predicted by classification and regression tree analysis. Ophthalmology 115(1):202\u2013209","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"4","key":"1730_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-2700.166663","volume":"8","author":"X Li","year":"2015","unstructured":"Li X, Zarbin MA, Bhagat N (2015) Pediatric open globe injury: a review of the literature. J Emerg Trauma Shock 8(4):216","journal-title":"J Emerg Trauma Shock"},{"issue":"1","key":"1730_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.emc.2007.11.006","volume":"26","author":"SP Bord","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bord SP, Linden J (2008) Trauma to the globe and orbit. Emerg Med Clin North Am 26(1):97\u2013123","journal-title":"Emerg Med Clin North Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"1730_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.3980\/j.issn.2222-3959.2014.02.36","volume":"7","author":"A Dharmasena","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dharmasena A, Park DY, Vishwanath M (2014) Does high intraocular pressure exclude an open globe injury? Int J Ophthalmol 7(2):389\u2013390. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.3980\/j.issn.2222-3959.2014.02.36","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1730_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.13.11010","volume":"202","author":"W-H Yuan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yuan W-H, Hsu H-C, Cheng H-C, Guo W-Y, Teng MM-H, Chen S-J, Lin T-C (2014) CT of globe rupture: analysis and frequency of findings. Am J Roentgenol 202(5):1100\u20131107","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1730_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.343135120","volume":"34","author":"EK Sung","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sung EK, Nadgir RN, Fujita A, Siegel C, Ghafouri RH, Traband A, Sakai O (2014) Injuries of the globe: what can the radiologist offer? Radiographics 34(3):764\u2013776","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"3","key":"1730_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2015.5778","volume":"134","author":"R Channa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Channa R, Zafar SN, Canner JK, Haring RS, Schneider EB, Friedman DS (2016) Epidemiology of eye-related emergency department visits. JAMA Ophthalmol 134(3):312\u2013319","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1730_CR22","first-page":"936","volume":"16","author":"JL Weissman","year":"1995","unstructured":"Weissman JL, Beatty RL, Hirsch WL, Curtin HD (1995) Enlarged anterior chamber: CT finding of a ruptured globe. Am J Neuroradiol 16(4):936\u2013938","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1730_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.10.051","volume":"114","author":"ML Arey","year":"2007","unstructured":"Arey ML, Mootha VV, Whittemore AR, Chason DP, Blomquist PH (2007) Computed tomography in the diagnosis of occult open-globe injuries. Ophthalmology 114(8):1448\u20131452","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"6","key":"1730_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.286085523","volume":"28","author":"WS Kubal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kubal WS (2008) Imaging of orbital trauma. Radiographics 28(6):1729\u20131739. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/rg.286085523","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"3","key":"1730_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-6257(82)90069-8","volume":"27","author":"LB Nelson","year":"1982","unstructured":"Nelson LB, Maumenee IH (1982) Ectopia lentis. Surv Ophthalmol 27(3):143\u2013160","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1730_CR26","first-page":"1174","volume":"16","author":"Y Segev","year":"1995","unstructured":"Segev Y, Goldstein M, Lazar M, Reider-Groswasser I (1995) CT appearance of a traumatic cataract. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 16(5):1174\u20131175","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1730_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.75.1.18","volume":"75","author":"P Johnston","year":"1991","unstructured":"Johnston P (1991) Traumatic retinal detachment. Br J Ophthalmol 75(1):18\u201321","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1730_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nic.2005.02.005","volume":"15","author":"MF Mafee","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mafee MF, Karimi A, Shah J, Rapoport M, Ansari SA (2005) Anatomy and pathology of the eye: role of MR imaging and CT. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 15(1):23\u201347. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nic.2005.02.005","journal-title":"Neuroimaging Clin N Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"1730_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-014-0564-4","volume":"38","author":"P Czorlich","year":"2015","unstructured":"Czorlich P, Skevas C, Knospe V, Vettorazzi E, Richard G, Wagenfeld L, Westphal M, Regelsberger J (2015) Terson syndrome in subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, and traumatic brain injury. Neurosurg Rev 38(1):129\u2013136; discussion 136. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10143-014-0564-4","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"1730_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.5811\/cpcem.2018.4.38086","volume":"2","author":"K Couperus","year":"2018","unstructured":"Couperus K, Zabel A, Oguntoye MO (2018) Open globe: corneal laceration injury with negative Seidel sign. Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med 2(3):266\u2013267. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.5811\/cpcem.2018.4.38086","journal-title":"Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"1730_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2330","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)90536-5","volume":"106","author":"A Lakits","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lakits A, Prokesch R, Scholda C, Bankier A (1999) Orbital helical computed tomography in the diagnosis and management of eye trauma. Ophthalmology 106(12):2330\u20132335","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"1","key":"1730_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s10140-007-0597-x","volume":"14","author":"K Yamashita","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yamashita K, Noguchi T, Mihara F, Yoshiura T, Togao O, Yoshikawa H, Honda H (2007) An intraorbital wooden foreign body: description of a case and a variety of CT appearances. Emerg Radiol 14(1):41\u201343. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10140-007-0597-x","journal-title":"Emerg Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1730_CR33","first-page":"134","volume":"17","author":"VT Ho","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ho VT, McGuckin JF Jr, Smergel EM (1996) Intraorbital wooden foreign body: CT and MR appearance. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 17(1):134\u2013136","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1730_CR34","first-page":"165","volume":"19","author":"MS Bajaj","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bajaj MS, Kedar S, Sethi A, Gupta V (2000) Traumatic globe luxation with optic nerve transection. Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands) 19(3):165\u2013170","journal-title":"Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands)"},{"issue":"5","key":"1730_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(82)34769-7","volume":"89","author":"RL Anderson","year":"1982","unstructured":"Anderson RL, Panje WR, Gross CE (1982) Optic nerve blindness following blunt forehead trauma. Ophthalmology 89(5):445\u2013455","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"4","key":"1730_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-012-9698-y","volume":"33","author":"R Agrawal","year":"2013","unstructured":"Agrawal R, Shah M, Mireskandari K, Yong GK (2013) Controversies in ocular trauma classification and management: review. Int Ophthalmol 33(4):435\u2013445. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10792-012-9698-y","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1730_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.14131873","volume":"272","author":"UK Bodanapally","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bodanapally UK, Van der Byl G, Shanmuganathan K, Katzman L, Geraymovych E, Saksobhavivat N, Mirvis SE, Sudini KR, Krejza J, Shin RK (2014) Traumatic optic neuropathy prediction after blunt facial trauma: derivation of a risk score based on facial CT findings at admission. Radiology 272(3):824\u2013831. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.14131873","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"1730_CR38","first-page":"73","volume":"5","author":"EJ Atkins","year":"2008","unstructured":"Atkins EJ, Newman NJ, Biousse V (2008) Post-traumatic visual loss. Rev Neurol Dis 5(2):73\u201381","journal-title":"Rev Neurol Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"1730_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2017160119","volume":"37","author":"VD Nguyen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nguyen VD, Singh AK, Altmeyer WB, Tantiwongkosi B (2017) Demystifying orbital emergencies: a pictorial review. Radiographics 37(3):947\u2013962. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/rg.2017160119","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"8","key":"1730_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A4290","volume":"36","author":"UK Bodanapally","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bodanapally UK, Shanmuganathan K, Shin RK, Dreizin D, Katzman L, Reddy RP, Mascarenhas D (2015) Hyperintense optic nerve due to diffusion restriction: diffusion-weighted imaging in traumatic optic neuropathy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 36(8):1536\u20131541. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.3174\/ajnr.A4290","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1730_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.234025163","volume":"23","author":"JI Lane","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lane JI, Watson RE Jr, Witte RJ, McCannel CA (2003) Retinal detachment: imaging of surgical treatments and complications. Radiographics 23(4):983\u2013994. \nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/rg.234025163","journal-title":"Radiographics"}],"container-title":["Emergency Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10140-019-01730-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10140-019-01730-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10140-019-01730-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]],"date-time":"2020-11-06T00:39:22Z","timestamp":1604623162000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10140-019-01730-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["1730"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10140-019-01730-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1070-3004","1438-1435"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1070-3004","type":"print"},{"value":"1438-1435","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 July 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 September 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 November 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}