{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T22:15:42Z","timestamp":1794003342202,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,19]],"date-time":"2020-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587254400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,19]],"date-time":"2020-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurosurg Rev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-020-01300-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,19]],"date-time":"2020-04-19T05:02:23Z","timestamp":1587272543000},"page":"731-739","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Traumatic pneumorrhachis: systematic review and an illustrative case"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Temidayo","family":"Osunronbi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agbolahan","family":"Sofela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Himanshu","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samiul","family":"Muquit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"1300_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00339843","volume":"13","author":"IJ Gordon","year":"1977","unstructured":"Gordon IJ, Hardman DR (1977) The traumatic pneumomyelogram. A previously undescribed entity. Neuroradiology 13:107\u2013108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00339843","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"1300_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.148.3.615","volume":"148","author":"RG Newbold","year":"1987","unstructured":"Newbold RG, Wiener MD, Vogler JB, Martinez S (1987) Traumatic pneumorrhachis. Am J Roentgenol 148:615\u2013616. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.148.3.615","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"1300_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0385-8146(12)80061-7","volume":"22","author":"Y Chiba","year":"1995","unstructured":"Chiba Y, Kakuta H (1995) Massive subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, and spinal epidural emphysema as complications of violent coughing: a case report. Auris Nasus Larynx 22:205\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0385-8146(12)80061-7","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"key":"1300_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E528","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000144832.03555.f5","volume":"29","author":"BKP Goh","year":"2004","unstructured":"Goh BKP, Ng K-K, Hoe MNY (2004) Traumatic epidural emphysema. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 29:E528\u2013E530. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.brs.0000144832.03555.f5","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1300_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(87)90161-3","volume":"27","author":"JR Mangiardi","year":"1987","unstructured":"Mangiardi JR, Brisson P, Weitzner I, Bednar M (1987) Traumatic intraspinal pneumocele. Surg Neurol 27:587\u2013588. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0090-3019(87)90161-3","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"1300_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1080\/0268869031000153143","volume":"17","author":"I Yousaf","year":"2003","unstructured":"Yousaf I, Flynn P, McConnell R (2003) Symptomatic intraspinal pneumocoele resulting from closed head injury. Br J Neurosurg 17:248\u2013249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0268869031000153143","journal-title":"Br J Neurosurg"},{"key":"1300_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00344366","volume":"31","author":"TR Prins","year":"1989","unstructured":"Prins TR, Vencken LM (1989) Traumatic pneumosaccus. Neuroradiology 31:290. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00344366","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"1300_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2353(1997)10:6<419::AID-CA9>3.0.CO;2-J","volume":"10","author":"PF Harris","year":"1997","unstructured":"Harris PF, Abu-Hijleh MF, Grant CS, Daar AS (1997) Brachial plexus palsy and spinal subarachnoid pneumatosis following trauma. Clin Anat 10:419\u2013423. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2353(1997)10:6<419::AID-CA9>3.0.CO;2-J","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"key":"1300_CR9","first-page":"195","volume":"15","author":"A Kapur","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kapur A, Sandhu S (1994) Epidural pneumatosis: not necessarily benign. Am J Neuroradiol 15:195\u2013196","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"1300_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01705167","volume":"16","author":"A De Meulder","year":"1990","unstructured":"De Meulder A, Michaux L (1990) Aerorachia. Intensive Care Med 16:275\u2013276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF01705167","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"1300_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199806010-00022","volume":"23","author":"SD Gertzbein","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gertzbein SD (1998) Traumatic pneumomyelography: a marker of spinal column injury in the face of innocuous spine fractures: two case reports. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 23:1283\u20131286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007632-199806010-00022","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1300_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-6757(90)90089-I","volume":"8","author":"L Yip","year":"1990","unstructured":"Yip L, Sweeny PJ, Mccarroll KA (1990) The traumatic air myelogram. Am J Emerg Med 8:332\u2013334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0735-6757(90)90089-I","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"1300_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2010.12.010","volume":"11","author":"ID Gelalis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gelalis ID, Karageorgos A, Arnaoutoglou C, Gartzonikas D, Politis A, Georgakopoulos N, Petsanas AP, Matzaroglou C, Xenakis T (2011) Traumatic pneumorrhachis: etiology, pathomechanism, diagnosis, and treatment. Spine J 11:153\u2013157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2010.12.010","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"1300_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-006-0160-6","volume":"15","author":"MF Oertel","year":"2006","unstructured":"Oertel MF, Korinth MC, Reinges MHT, Krings T, Terbeck S, Gilsbach JM (2006) Pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of pneumorrhachis. Eur Spine J 15:636\u2013643. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-006-0160-6","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"1300_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/s1607-551x(09)70219-0","volume":"22","author":"LC Lin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lin LC, Liao YM, Yang RC (2006) Pneumorrhachis following lumbar puncture: a case report. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 22:39\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1607-551x(09)70219-0","journal-title":"Kaohsiung J Med Sci"},{"key":"1300_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-018-1908-4","volume":"12","author":"H Shin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shin H, Choi HJ, Kim C, Lee I, Oh J, Ko BS (2018) Cardiac arrest associated with pneumorrhachis and pneumocephalus after epidural analgesia: two case reports. J Med Case Rep 12:387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13256-018-1908-4","journal-title":"J Med Case Rep"},{"key":"1300_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.CC.16.00191","volume":"7","author":"SB Bhat","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bhat SB, Blumer S, Shah SA (2017) Epidural pneumorrhachis causing intraoperative loss of motor potentials during instrumented fusion for scoliosis: a case report. JBJS Case Connect 7:e53. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/JBJS.CC.16.00191","journal-title":"JBJS Case Connect"},{"key":"1300_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.14245\/kjs.2016.13.3.164","volume":"13","author":"G-S Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee G-S, Lee M-K, Kim W-J, Kim HS, Kim JH, Kim YS (2016) Pneumocephalus and pneumorrhachis due to a subarachnoid pleural fistula that developed after thoracic spine surgery. Korean J Spine 13:164\u2013166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14245\/kjs.2016.13.3.164","journal-title":"Korean J Spine"},{"key":"1300_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e833","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.833","volume":"8","author":"R Payne","year":"2016","unstructured":"Payne R, Sieg EP, Choudhary A, Iantosca M (2016) Pneumorrhachis resulting in transient paresis after PICC line insertion into the ascending lumbar vein. Cureus 8:e833. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.833","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"1300_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.2484\/rcr.v3i4.216","volume":"3","author":"A Anaye","year":"2008","unstructured":"Anaye A, Moschopoulos C, Agneessens E, Hainaux B (2008) Pneumoscrotum, pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, and pneumorrhachis following colon surgery. Radiol Case Rep 3:216. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2484\/rcr.v3i4.216","journal-title":"Radiol Case Rep"},{"key":"1300_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2012.02.032","volume":"20","author":"M Iacoangeli","year":"2013","unstructured":"Iacoangeli M, Di Rienzo A, Fianchini A et al (2013) Acute tension pneumocephalus secondary to whole spine pneumorrhachis as an unusual presentation of a colon cancer complicated by a transsacral cerebrospinal fluid leak. J Clin Neurosci 20:469\u2013471. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2012.02.032","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"1300_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.2147\/IMCRJ.S60050","volume":"7","author":"PS Mahajan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mahajan PS, Al Maslamani NJ, Purayil NK (2014) Rare case of pneumorrhachis, pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, and surgical emphysema secondary to bronchial asthma. Int Med Case Rep J 7:35\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IMCRJ.S60050","journal-title":"Int Med Case Rep J"},{"key":"1300_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"bcr2012007675","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2012-007675","volume":"2013","author":"J Sankar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sankar J, Jain A, Suresh CP (2013) Peanut aspiration leading to pneumorrhachis in a pre-schooler. BMJ Case Rep 2013:bcr2012007675. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2012-007675","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"1300_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3941\/jrcr.v12i4.3103","volume":"12","author":"BA Sethi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sethi BA, Cooper JG (2018) Pneumorrhachis after recreational drug use. J Radiol Case Rep 12:1\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3941\/jrcr.v12i4.3103","journal-title":"J Radiol Case Rep"},{"key":"1300_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s10140-008-0708-3","volume":"16","author":"TA Rehman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rehman TA, Mammen T, Thaj J, Cherian RS (2009) Is pneumorrhachis a poor prognostic sign in acute gangrenous abdominal emergencies? Emerg Radiol 16:151\u2013154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10140-008-0708-3","journal-title":"Emerg Radiol"},{"key":"1300_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e5","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201105-0916IM","volume":"185","author":"WB Hall","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hall WB, Aris RM (2012) Epidural pneumatosis and diffuse soft tissue free air as a complication of diabetic ketoacidosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 185:e5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.201105-0916IM","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1300_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.019","volume":"40","author":"PB de Roos","year":"2009","unstructured":"de Roos PB, van Lindert EJ, van der Vliet TA, Sie LTL (2009) MRI of pneumorachis in a newborn infant with open myelomeningocele. Pediatr Neurol 40:377\u2013379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2008.11.019","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"1300_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-3147.193525","volume":"8","author":"P Krishnan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Krishnan P, Das S, Bhattacharyya C (2017) Epidural pneumorrhachis consequent to Hamman syndrome. J Neurosci Rural Pract 8:118\u2013119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0976-3147.193525","journal-title":"J Neurosci Rural Pract"},{"key":"1300_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1252008","volume":"72","author":"G Bozkurt","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bozkurt G, Turk CC, Ayhan S et al (2011) Cervical pneumorrhachis caused by impact loading forces after skull base fracture: case report and review of the literature. Cent Eur Neurosurg 72:215\u2013218. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0030-1252008","journal-title":"Cent Eur Neurosurg"},{"key":"1300_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000158249.77176.9a","volume":"58","author":"BKP Goh","year":"2005","unstructured":"Goh BKP, Yeo AWY (2005) Traumatic pneumorrhachis. J Trauma 58:875\u2013879. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.ta.0000158249.77176.9a","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"1300_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E979","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181b03ecb","volume":"34","author":"BJ Chun","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chun BJ, Moon JM (2009) Symptomatic epidural pneumorrhachis associated with an occult pneumomediastinum due to minor trauma. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 34:E979\u2013E982. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181b03ecb","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1300_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2010.03.024","volume":"96","author":"M Ould-Slimane","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ould-Slimane M, Ettori MA, Lazennec JY et al (2010) Pneumorachis: a possible source of traumatic cord compression. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 96:825\u2013828. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otsr.2010.03.024","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"1300_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.02.041","volume":"159","author":"M Neve","year":"2011","unstructured":"Neve M, Naudin J, Sachs P, Dauger S (2011) Pneumorrhachis in a 2-month-old after an accidental gunshot injury. J Pediatr 159:163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.02.041","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"1300_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2013.54.1.65","volume":"54","author":"SW Kim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kim SW, Seo HJ (2013) Symptomatic epidural pneumorrhachis: a rare entity. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 54:65\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3340\/jkns.2013.54.1.65","journal-title":"J Korean Neurosurg Soc"},{"key":"1300_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1333123","volume":"75","author":"E Koktekir","year":"2014","unstructured":"Koktekir E, Tatarli N, Ceylan D et al (2014) Symptomatic pneumorrhachis. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 75:140\u2013145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0032-1333123","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg"},{"key":"1300_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2014.12.040","volume":"33","author":"H Kara","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kara H, Akinci M, Degirmenci S et al (2015) Traumatic pneumorrhachis: 2 cases and review of the literature. Am J Emerg Med 33:861.e1\u2013861.e3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajem.2014.12.040","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"},{"key":"1300_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1177\/0218492317717421","volume":"25","author":"PD Kalogerakos","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kalogerakos PD, Lazopoulos G, Palioudakis S, Drositis I, Chionidou K, Chalkiadakis G (2017) Pneumorachis associated with persistent tachycardia after blunt thoracic trauma. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 25:463\u2013465. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0218492317717421","journal-title":"Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann"},{"key":"1300_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/45.4.338","volume":"45","author":"JMB Burn","year":"1973","unstructured":"Burn JMB, Guyer PB, Langdon L (1973) The spread of solutions injected into the epidural space: a study using epidurograms in patients with the lumbosciatic syndrome. Br J Anaesth 45:338\u2013345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/45.4.338","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"1300_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.150.5.1129","volume":"150","author":"SF Silver","year":"1988","unstructured":"Silver SF, Nadel HR, Flodmark O (1988) Pneumorrhachis after jejunal entrapment caused by a fracture dislocation of the lumbar spine. Am J Roentgenol 150:1129\u20131130. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.150.5.1129","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"1300_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.111.4.833","volume":"111","author":"JR Dehner","year":"1971","unstructured":"Dehner JR (1971) Seatbelt injuries of the spine and abdomen. Am J Roentgenol Radium Therapy, Nucl Med 111:833\u2013843. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.111.4.833","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol Radium Therapy, Nucl Med"},{"key":"1300_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-55-653-369","volume":"55","author":"FP Agha","year":"1982","unstructured":"Agha FP, Raji MR (1982) Oesophageal perforation with fracture dislocation of cervical spine due to hyperextension injury. Br J Radiol 55:369\u2013372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1259\/0007-1285-55-653-369","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"1300_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199009000-00023","volume":"14","author":"JL Chimon","year":"1990","unstructured":"Chimon JL, Cantos EL (1990) CT recognition of spinal epidural air after pelvic trauma. J Comput Assist Tomogr 14:795\u2013796. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00004728-199009000-00023","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"1300_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-191910000-00004","volume":"70","author":"WE Dandy","year":"1919","unstructured":"Dandy WE (1919) R\u00f6ntgenography of the brain after the injection of air into the spinal canal. Ann Surg 70:397\u2013403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00000658-191910000-00004","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"1300_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/0899-7071(90)90121-Q","volume":"14","author":"CJ Scialdone","year":"1990","unstructured":"Scialdone CJ, Wagle W (1990) Intraspinal air: an unusual manifestation of blunt chest trauma. Clin Imaging 14:59\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0899-7071(90)90121-Q","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"key":"1300_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198912000-00025","volume":"14","author":"RB Delamarter","year":"1989","unstructured":"Delamarter RB, Heller J, Bohlman HH (1989) Cervical pneumomy\u00eblogram secondary to a closed fracture-dislocation of the thoracic spine: a case report. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 14:1421\u20131422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00007632-198912000-00025","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1300_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1007\/s002340100646","volume":"44","author":"A Alkan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Alkan A, Baysal T, Saras K, Sigirci A, Kutlu R (2002) Early MRI findings in stab wound of the cervical spine: two case reports. Neuroradiology 44:64\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s002340100646","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"1300_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-002-1466-3","volume":"13","author":"A Bernaerts","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bernaerts A, Verniest T, Vanhoenacker F, van den Brande P, Petr\u00e9 C, de Schepper AM (2003) Pneumomediastinum and epidural pneumatosis after inhalation of \u201cecstacy\u201d. Eur Radiol 13:642\u2013643. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-002-1466-3","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"1300_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5413.82346","volume":"45","author":"S Arora","year":"2011","unstructured":"Arora S, Aggarwal P, Cheema G, Singla J (2011) Pneumorachis of the cervical spine with associated pneumocephalus and subcutaneous emphysema. Indian J Orthop 45:372\u2013375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0019-5413.82346","journal-title":"Indian J Orthop"},{"key":"1300_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181c46dd3","volume":"68","author":"KL Chaichana","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chaichana KL, Pradilla G, Witham TF, Gokaslan ZL, Bydon A (2010) The clinical significance of pneumorachis: a case report and review of the literature. J Trauma 68:736\u2013744. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181c46dd3","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"1300_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.3171\/spi.2006.5.2.165","volume":"5","author":"A Rovlias","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rovlias A, Pavlakis E, Kotsou S (2006) Symptomatic pneumorachis associated with incidental durotomy during microscopic lumbar disc surgery: case report. J Neurosurg Spine 5:165\u2013167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/spi.2006.5.2.165","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"key":"1300_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-198812000-00015","volume":"67","author":"TM Kennedy","year":"1988","unstructured":"Kennedy TM, Ullman DA, Harte FA, Saberski LR, Greenhouse BB (1988) Lumbar root compression secondary to epidural air. Anesth Analg 67:1184\u20131186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/00000539-198812000-00015","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"1300_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2008.01.011","volume":"9","author":"KJ Song","year":"2009","unstructured":"Song KJ, Lee KB (2009) Spontaneous extradural pneumorrhachis causing cervical myelopathy. Spine J 9:e16\u2013e18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.spinee.2008.01.011","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"1300_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1017\/S0265021506211396","volume":"23","author":"V Minville","year":"2006","unstructured":"Minville V, Amathieu R, Adnet F, Asehnoune K (2006) CT recognition of traumatic pneumomyelogram. Eur J Anaesthesiol 23:975\u2013977. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0265021506211396","journal-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol"},{"key":"1300_CR54","first-page":"56","volume":"112","author":"M Derner","year":"2011","unstructured":"Derner M, Drugov\u00e1 B, Ho\u0159ej\u0161\u00ed L, Skv\u00e1ra D, Druga R (2011) Massive pneumorrhachis, pneumocephalus and pneumoopticus following thoracic trauma and avulsion of the brachial plexus: case report and review of the literature. Prague Med Rep 112:56\u201366","journal-title":"Prague Med Rep"},{"key":"1300_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.5505\/1304.7361.2014.93271","volume":"14","author":"B Gullupinar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gullupinar B, Topacoglu H (2014) Subarachnoid pleural fistula due to gunshot wound. Turk J Emerg Med 14:87\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5505\/1304.7361.2014.93271","journal-title":"Turk J Emerg Med"},{"key":"1300_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/0899-7071(94)90154-6","volume":"18","author":"DS Katz","year":"1994","unstructured":"Katz DS, Groskin SA, Wasenko JJ (1994) Pneumorachis and pneumocephalus caused by pneumothorax and multiple thoracic vertebral fractures. Clin Imaging 18:85\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0899-7071(94)90154-6","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"}],"container-title":["Neurosurgical Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10143-020-01300-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10143-020-01300-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10143-020-01300-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,18]],"date-time":"2021-04-18T23:23:51Z","timestamp":1618788231000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10143-020-01300-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,19]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1300"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10143-020-01300-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0344-5607","1437-2320"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0344-5607","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-2320","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 January 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 March 2020","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 April 2020","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 April 2020","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All applicable international, national, and institutional guidelines for the care and use of the patient\u2019s anonymized clinical data were followed.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from the patient.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}