{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T18:48:33Z","timestamp":1792176513677,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]],"date-time":"2020-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594166400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]],"date-time":"2020-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurosurg Rev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-020-01344-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]],"date-time":"2020-07-08T02:02:46Z","timestamp":1594173766000},"page":"1345-1355","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Lower cranial nerve syndromes: a review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Santiago","family":"Gutierrez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tyler","family":"Warner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"McCormack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cassidy","family":"Werner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mansour","family":"Mathkour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8502-7952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joe","family":"Iwanaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aysun","family":"Uz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron S.","family":"Dumont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Shane","family":"Tubbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"1344_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2500","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.2500","volume":"10","author":"B Edwards","year":"2018","unstructured":"Edwards B, Wang JMH, Iwanaga J, Loukas M, Tubbs RS (2018) Cranial nerve foramina: Part II\u2013a review of the anatomy and pathology of cranial nerve foramina of the posterior cranial fossa posterior cranial fossa. Cureus 10(4):e2500. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.2500","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"3","key":"1344_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1567863","volume":"77","author":"CJ Griessenauer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Griessenauer CJ, McGrew B, Matusz P, De Caro R, Loukas M, Tubbs RS (2016) Surgical approaches to the jugular foramen: a comprehensive review. J Neurol Surgery, Part B Skull Base 77(3):260\u2013264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0035-1567863","journal-title":"J Neurol Surgery, Part B Skull Base"},{"issue":"3","key":"1344_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1543973","volume":"76","author":"SR Tubbs","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tubbs SR, Griessenauer CJ, Bilal M et al (2015) Dural septation on the inner surface of the jugular foramen: an anatomical study. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 76(3):214\u2013217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0034-1543973","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg B Skull Base"},{"key":"1344_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e662","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.01.118","volume":"112","author":"J Iwanaga","year":"2018","unstructured":"Iwanaga J, Simonds E, Choi PJ, Oskouian RJ, Tubbs RS (2018) Anatomical study of the posterior ascending artery: application to C2 pedicle screw placement. World Neurosurg 112:e662\u2013e665. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.01.118","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"1344_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.01.135","volume":"112","author":"C Wilson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wilson C, Simonds E, Iwanaga J, Oskouian RJ, Tubbs RS (2018) Pseudoaneurysm of posterior ascending branch of vertebral artery: previously unreported case. World Neurosurg 112:158\u2013160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.01.135","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"1344_CR6","volume-title":"Localization in clinical neurology","author":"PW Brazis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Brazis PW, Masdeu JC (2011) Localization in clinical neurology, 6th edn. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia","edition":"6"},{"issue":"1","key":"1344_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22318","volume":"27","author":"P Hendrix","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hendrix P, Griessenauer CJ, Foreman P et al (2014) Arterial supply of the lower cranial nerves: a comprehensive review. Clin Anat 27(1):108\u2013117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ca.22318","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"12","key":"1344_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-45345","volume":"71","author":"M Krasnianski","year":"2003","unstructured":"Krasnianski M, Neudecker S, Schluter A, Zierz S (2003) Avellis\u2019 syndrome in brainstem infarctions. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 71(12):650\u2013653. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2003-45345","journal-title":"Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"1344_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1947.00690020790004","volume":"46","author":"SL Fox","year":"1947","unstructured":"Fox SL, West GBJ (1947) Syndrome of Avellis: a review of the literature and report of one case. Arch Otolaryngol 46(6):773\u2013778","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1344_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2013.37.3.449","volume":"37","author":"YR Jo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jo YR, Chung CW, Lee JS, Park HJ (2013) Vernet syndrome by varicella-zoster virus. Ann Rehabil Med 37(3):449\u2013452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5535\/arm.2013.37.3.449","journal-title":"Ann Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"1344_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1177\/153537020222700804","volume":"227","author":"H Brown","year":"2002","unstructured":"Brown H (2002) Anatomy of the spinal accessory nerve plexus: relevance to head and neck cancer and atherosclerosis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 227(8):570\u2013578. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/153537020222700804","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med (Maywood)"},{"issue":"11","key":"1344_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2015-311665","volume":"87","author":"K Shima","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shima K, Iwasa K, Yoshita M, Yamada M (2016) Vernet\u2019s syndrome induced by internal jugular vein thrombosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 87(11):1252\u20131253. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp-2015-311665","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"1344_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2014.05.025","volume":"6","author":"NC Daley","year":"2014","unstructured":"Daley NC, Colliver EB (2014) A case of Vernet syndrome associated with internal jugular phlebectasia. PM R 6(12):1163\u20131165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pmrj.2014.05.025","journal-title":"PM R"},{"issue":"6","key":"1344_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1159\/000016117","volume":"10","author":"JG Heckmann","year":"2000","unstructured":"Heckmann JG, Tomandl B, Duhm C, Stefan H, Neundorfer B (2000) Collet-Sicard syndrome due to coiling and dissection of the internal carotid artery. Cerebrovasc Dis 10(6):487\u2013488. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000016117","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"1344_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2007.48.1.120","volume":"48","author":"FS Erol","year":"2007","unstructured":"Erol FS, Topsakal C, Kaplan M, Yildirim H, Ozveren MF (2007) Collet-Sicard syndrome associated with occipital condyle fracture and epidural hematoma. Yonsei Med J 48(1):120\u2013123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3349\/ymj.2007.48.1.120","journal-title":"Yonsei Med J"},{"issue":"5","key":"1344_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(89)90076-1","volume":"31","author":"T Orbay","year":"1989","unstructured":"Orbay T, Aykol \u015e, Se\u00e7kin Z, Erg\u00fcn R (1989) Late hypoglossal nerve palsy following fracture of the occipital condyle. Surg Neurol 31(5):402\u2013404. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0090-3019(89)90076-1","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1344_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2017.41.6.1100","volume":"41","author":"SH Lee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee SH, Lee ES, Yoon CH, Shin H, Lee CH (2017) Collet-Sicard syndrome with hypoglossal nerve schwannoma: a case report. Ann Rehabil Med 41(6):1100\u20131104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5535\/arm.2017.41.6.1100","journal-title":"Ann Rehabil Med"},{"key":"1344_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-016-0802-1","volume":"10","author":"P Cariati","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cariati P, Cabello A, Galvez PP, Sanchez Lopez D, Garcia Medina B (2016) Tapia\u2019s syndrome: pathogenetic mechanisms, diagnostic management, and proper treatment: a case series. J Med Case Rep 10:23. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13256-016-0802-1","journal-title":"J Med Case Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"1344_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2004.00553.x","volume":"49","author":"SO Cinar","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cinar SO, Seven H, Cinar U, Turgut S (2005) Isolated bilateral paralysis of the hypoglossal and recurrent laryngeal nerves (bilateral Tapia\u2019s syndrome) after transoral intubation for general anesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 49(1):98\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2004.00553.x","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"issue":"5","key":"1344_CR20","first-page":"427","volume":"77","author":"JJ Canciani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Canciani JJ, Ospina JA, Acosta P, Lopez J, Dal Verme A, Peralta C (2017) Villaret syndrome and lung adenocarcinoma: an unusual association. Medicina (B Aires) 77(5):427\u2013429","journal-title":"Medicina (B Aires)"},{"key":"1344_CR21","first-page":"188","volume":"23","author":"M Villaret","year":"1916","unstructured":"Villaret M (1916) Le syndrome nerveux de l\u2019espace r\u00e9troparotidien post\u00e9rieur. Rev Neurol (Paris) 23:188\u2013190","journal-title":"Rev Neurol (Paris)"},{"issue":"6","key":"1344_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)00319-8","volume":"108","author":"T Sicenica","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sicenica T, Balaji GV, Klein A, Berman P, Ahmad U (2000) Villaret\u2019s syndrome in a man with prostate carcinoma. Am J Med 108(6):516\u2013517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)00319-8","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"13","key":"1344_CR23","first-page":"252","volume":"26","author":"JG Love","year":"1951","unstructured":"Love JG (1951) Jugular foramen syndrome (Jackson\u2019s syndrome) due to intracranial epidermoid tumor; successful surgical treatment. Proc Staff Meet Mayo Clin 26(13):252\u2013256","journal-title":"Proc Staff Meet Mayo Clin"},{"key":"1344_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/b-006-149702","volume-title":"Handbook of neurosurgery","author":"MS Greenberg","year":"2016","unstructured":"Greenberg MS (2016) Handbook of neurosurgery, 8th edn. Thieme, New York","edition":"8"},{"issue":"10","key":"1344_CR25","first-page":"1155","volume":"35","author":"K Kashihara","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kashihara K, Ishizu H, Shomori T, Iwane H, Ota H (1995) Avellis syndrome in systemic rheumatoid vasculitis. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 35(10):1155\u20131159","journal-title":"Rinsho Shinkeigaku"},{"issue":"6","key":"1344_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.3.673-e","volume":"50","author":"O Gout","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gout O, Viala K, Lyon-Caen O (1998) Giant cell arteritis and Vernet\u2019s syndrome. Neurology 50(6):1862\u20131864. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.52.3.673-e","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"1344_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.50.45","volume":"50","author":"M Amano","year":"2010","unstructured":"Amano M, Ishikawa E, Kujiraoka Y et al (2010) Vernet\u2019s syndrome caused by large mycotic aneurysm of the extracranial internal carotid artery after acute otitis media. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 50(1):45\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2176\/nmc.50.45","journal-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"1344_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1177\/1531003514525476","volume":"25","author":"T Tamaki","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tamaki T, Node Y, Saitoum N, Saigusa H, Yamazaki M, Morita A (2013) Vernet\u2019s syndrome after carotid endarterectomy. Perspect Vasc Surg Endovasc Ther 25(3\u20134):65\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1531003514525476","journal-title":"Perspect Vasc Surg Endovasc Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"1344_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-014-3527-0","volume":"24","author":"M Domenicucci","year":"2015","unstructured":"Domenicucci M, Mancarella C, Dugoni ED, Ciappetta P, Paolo M (2015) Post-traumatic Collet-Sicard syndrome: personal observation and review of the pertinent literature with clinical, radiologic and anatomic considerations. Eur Spine J Off Publ Eur Spine Soc Eur Spinal Deform Soc Eur Sect Cerv Spine Res Soc 24(4):663\u2013670. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00586-014-3527-0","journal-title":"Eur Spine J Off Publ Eur Spine Soc Eur Spinal Deform Soc Eur Sect Cerv Spine Res Soc"},{"key":"1344_CR30","first-page":"121","volume":"124","author":"F Collet","year":"1915","unstructured":"Collet F (1915) Sur un nouveau syndrome paralytiquepharyngolarynge par blessure de guerre (Hemiplegieglosso-laryngo-scapulopharyngee). Lyon Med 124:121\u2013129","journal-title":"Lyon Med"},{"key":"1344_CR31","first-page":"383","volume":"53","author":"J Sicard","year":"1917","unstructured":"Sicard J (1917) Syndrome du carrefour condyle-d\u00e9chir\u00e9post\u00e9rieur(type pur de paralysielaryngeeassociee). Marseille Med 53:383","journal-title":"Marseille Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"1344_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/88.6.869","volume":"88","author":"N Boisseau","year":"2002","unstructured":"Boisseau N, Rabarijaona H, Grimaud D, Raucoules-Aim\u00e9 M (2002) Tapia\u2019s syndrome following shoulder surgery. Br J Anaesth 88(6):869\u2013870. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bja\/88.6.869","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"4","key":"1344_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/0303-8467(90)90061-9","volume":"92","author":"P Boon","year":"1990","unstructured":"Boon P, de Reuck J, van de Velde E (1990) Villaret\u2019s syndrome due to thrombosis of the jugular vein. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 92(4):337\u2013341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0303-8467(90)90061-9","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"issue":"11","key":"1344_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E146","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.24008","volume":"37","author":"DW Flis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Flis DW, Shah AT, Tracy JC, Heilman CB, O\u2019Leary MA (2015) Metastatic breast carcinoma of the jugular foramen: a rare case of Villaret syndrome. Head Neck 37(11):E146\u2013E149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hed.24008","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"issue":"13","key":"1344_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e110","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000266","volume":"82","author":"O Okpala","year":"2014","unstructured":"Okpala O, Von Essen A, Cummins G, Manford M (2014) Teaching NeuroImages: internal carotid artery dissection presenting as Villaret syndrome. Neurology 82(13):e110\u2013e111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000266","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"1344_CR36","first-page":"255","volume":"15","author":"K-L Huang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Huang K-L, Lu C-S (2006) Skull base osteomyelitis presenting as Villaret\u2019s syndrome. Acta Neurol Taiwanica 15(4):255\u2013258","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Taiwanica"},{"issue":"3","key":"1344_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22851","volume":"30","author":"AP Polednak","year":"2017","unstructured":"Polednak AP (2017) Relationship of the recurrent laryngeal nerve to the inferior thyroid artery: a comparison of findings from two systematic reviews. Clin Anat 30(3):318\u2013321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ca.22851","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"1","key":"1344_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22613","volume":"29","author":"XY Ling","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ling XY, Smoll NR (2016) A systematic review of variations of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Clin Anat 29(1):104\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ca.22613","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"6","key":"1344_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22555","volume":"28","author":"A Cesmebasi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cesmebasi A, Spinner RJ (2015) An anatomic-based approach to the iatrogenic spinal accessory nerve injury in the posterior cervical triangle: how to avoid and treat it. Clin Anat 28(6):761\u2013766. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ca.22555","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"4","key":"1344_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.22487","volume":"28","author":"BL Hodnett","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hodnett BL, Schmitt NC, Clayburgh DR et al (2015) Superior laryngeal nerve monitoring using laryngeal surface electrodes and intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring during thyroidectomy. Clin Anat 28(4):460\u2013466. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ca.22487","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"4","key":"1344_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.23048","volume":"31","author":"MM Shoja","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shoja MM, Ramdhan R, Jensen CJ, Chern JJ, Oakes WJ, Tubbs RS (2018) Embryology of the craniocervical junction and posterior cranial fossa, part II: embryogenesis of the hindbrain. Clin Anat 31(4):488\u2013500. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ca.23048","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"4","key":"1344_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.23044","volume":"31","author":"A Kehrer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kehrer A, Engelmann S, Bauer R et al (2018) The nerve supply of zygomaticus major: variability and distinguishing zygomatic from buccal facial nerve branches. Clin Anat 31(4):560\u2013565. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ca.23044","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"3","key":"1344_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.23026","volume":"31","author":"MW Kassem","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kassem MW, Iwanaga J, Loukas M et al (2018) Accessory neuropathy after sternotomy: clinico-anatomical correlation supporting an inflammatory cause. Clin Anat 31(3):417\u2013421. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ca.23026","journal-title":"Clin Anat"}],"container-title":["Neurosurgical Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10143-020-01344-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10143-020-01344-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10143-020-01344-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,7]],"date-time":"2021-07-07T23:33:47Z","timestamp":1625700827000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10143-020-01344-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["1344"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10143-020-01344-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0344-5607","1437-2320"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0344-5607","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-2320","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 December 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 June 2020","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 June 2020","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 July 2020","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The protocol of the study did not require approval by the ethical committees or informed consent. The study followed the Declaration of Helsinki (64th WMA General Assembly, Fortaleza, Brazil, October 2013).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}