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Our aim is to evaluate the endocrinological outcomes after adenoma resection focusing on the corticotroph function, and to identify prognostic factors for an impaired hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal-axis function (HPA) and the reliability of postoperative early morning serum cortisol measurements. We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients treated for pituitary adenoma from April 2006 to January 2019 in our neurosurgical department. Pituitary function was assessed pre- and postoperatively as well as at 6\u00a0weeks to 12\u00a0weeks and at 1-year follow-up. Two hundred eleven patients were included. Nine percent of the patients recovered from a preoperative adrenal insufficiency, 10.4% developed a new need for hormone substitution, and a long-term deficiency of the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal-axis was observed in 30.9%. Cortisol measurements 5\u00a0days after surgery had a lower area under the curve (AUC) than cortisol levels detected after 6 to 12\u00a0weeks (AUC 0.740 vs. AUC 0.808) in predicting an intact corticotrope function. The cut-off value determined for cortisol measured after 6\u00a0weeks was 6.95\u00a0\u00b5g\/dl (sensitivity of 94%, specificity of 68%). Postoperative early morning cortisol levels seem to be less sensitive and specific in predicting long-term corticotroph function than measurements after 6\u00a0weeks and 1\u00a0year, emphasizing the importance of endocrine follow-up testing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-021-01643-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]],"date-time":"2021-09-20T16:08:28Z","timestamp":1632154108000},"page":"1353-1362","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma resection: do early post-operative cortisol levels predict permanent long-term hypocortisolism?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0421-7974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vicki M.","family":"Butenschoen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"von Werder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Bette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronika","family":"Schmette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Schwendinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Gempt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"1643_CR1","first-page":"154","volume":"41","author":"TJ Anfinson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Anfinson TJ, Channappa C, Vo HT (2008) Drug dependence involving prednisone: two cases and a review of the literature. 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