{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T00:17:34Z","timestamp":1778890654547,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]],"date-time":"2022-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670544000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]],"date-time":"2022-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (MHH)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurosurg Rev"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract\u00a0<\/jats:title><jats:p>Postoperative neurocritical intensive care unit (NICU) admission of patients who underwent craniotomy for close observation is common practice. In this study, we performed a comparative analysis to determine if there is a real need for NICU admission after microvascular decompression (MVD) for cranial nerve disorders or whether it may be abandoned. The present study evaluates a consecutive series of 236 MVD surgeries performed for treatment of trigeminal neuralgia (213), hemifacial spasm (17), vagoglossopharyngeal neuralgia (2), paroxysmal vertigo (2), and pulsatile tinnitus (2). All patients were operated by the senior surgeon according to a standard protocol over a period of 12\u00a0years. Patients were admitted routinely to NICU during the first phase of the study (phase I), while in the second phase (phase II), only patients with specific indications would go to NICU. While 105 patients (44%) were admitted to NICU postoperatively (phase I), 131 patients (56%) returned to the ward after a short stay in a postanaesthesia care unit (PACU) (phase II). Specific indications for NICU admission in phase I were pneumothorax secondary to central venous catheter insertion (4 patients), AV block during surgery, low blood oxygen levels after extubation, and postoperative dysphagia and dysphonia (1 patient, respectively). There were no significant differences in the distribution of ASA scores or the presence of cardiac and pulmonary comorbidities like congestive heart failure, arterial hypertension, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease between groups. There were no secondary referrals from PACU to NICU. Our study shows that routine admission of patients after eventless MVD to NICU does not provide additional value. NICU admission can be restricted to patients with specific indications. When MVD surgery is performed in experienced hands according to a standard anaesthesia protocol, clinical observation on a neurosurgical ward is sufficient to monitor the postoperative course. Such a policy results in substantial savings of costs and human resources.\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-022-01910-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]],"date-time":"2022-12-09T02:02:43Z","timestamp":1670551363000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Routine postoperative admission to the neurocritical intensive care unit after microvascular decompression: necessary or can it be abandoned?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"G\u00f6kce","family":"Hatipoglu Majernik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filipe","family":"Wolff Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shadi","family":"Al-Afif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans E.","family":"Heissler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Palmaers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oday","family":"Atallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Scheinichen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joachim K.","family":"Krauss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"1910_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/S1042-3680(18)30501-1","volume":"5","author":"DF Kelly","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kelly DF (1994) Neurosurgical postoperative care. Neurosurg Clin N Am 5:789\u2013810","journal-title":"Neurosurg Clin N Am"},{"issue":"12","key":"1910_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2782","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000098860.52812.24","volume":"31","author":"WC Ziai","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ziai WC, Varelas PN, Zeger SL, Mirski MA, Ulatowski JA (2003) Neurologic intensive care resource use after brain tumor surgery: an analysis of indications and alternative strategies. Crit Care Med 31(12):2782\u20132787","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1910_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-3019(03)00517-2","volume":"60","author":"CL Beauregard","year":"2003","unstructured":"Beauregard CL, Friedman WA (2003) Routine use of postoperative ICU care for elective craniotomy: a cost-benefit analysis. Surg Neurol 60:483\u2013489","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"1910_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.8.JNS11105","volume":"115","author":"JQ Bui","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bui JQ, Mendis RL, van Gelder JM, Sheridan MM, Wright KM, Jaeger M (2011) Is postoperative intensive care unit admission a prerequisite for elective craniotomy? J Neurosurg 115:1236\u20131241","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"1910_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1097\/ANA.0b013e318206d5f8","volume":"23","author":"O Rhondali","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rhondali O, Genty C, Halle C, Gardellin M, Ollinet C, Oddoux M, Carcey J, Francony G, Fauvage B, Gay E, Bosson JL, Payen JF (2011) Do patients still require admission to an intensive care unit after elective craniotomy for brain surgery? J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 23:118\u2013123","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Anesthesiol"},{"key":"1910_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2012.11.068","volume":"81","author":"BW Hanak","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hanak BW, Walcott BP, Nahed BV, Muzikansky A, Mian MK, Kimberly WT, Curry WT (2014) Postoperative intensive care unit requirements after elective craniotomy. World Neurosurg 81:165\u2013172","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"1910_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.8.PEDS15191","volume":"17","author":"BC Gabel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gabel BC, Martin J, Crawford JR, Levy M (2016) Questioning the need for ICU level of care in pediatric patients following elective uncomplicated craniotomy for brain tumors. J Neurosurg Pediatr 17:564\u2013568","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"1910_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1599238","volume":"79","author":"R Altieri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Altieri R, Cofano F, Agnoletti A, Fornaro R, Ajello M, Zenga F, Ducati A, Garbossa D (2018) Postoperative care of patients with high-grade glioma: is there a real need for the neurocritical ICU and early CT scan? J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 79:25\u201330","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg"},{"key":"1910_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1080\/02688697.2017.1390064","volume":"32","author":"FA Mirza","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mirza FA, Wang C, Pittman T (2017) Can patients safely be admitted to a ward after craniotomy for resection of intra-axial brain tumors? Br J Neurosurg 32:201\u2013205","journal-title":"Br J Neurosurg"},{"key":"1910_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-017-0433-4","volume":"28","author":"CC De Almeida","year":"2018","unstructured":"De Almeida CC, Boone MD, Laviv Y, Kasper BS, Chen CC, Kasper EM (2018) The utility of routine intensive care admission for patients undergoing intracranial neurosurgical procedures: a systematic review. Neurocrit Care 28:35\u201342","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"1910_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.6.PEDS18136","volume":"22","author":"CM Bonfield","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bonfield CM, Basem J, Cochrane DD, Singhal A, Steinbok P (2018) Examining the need for routine intensive care admission after surgical repair of nonsyndromic craniosynostosis: a preliminary analysis. J Neurosurg Pediatr 22:616\u2013619","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"1910_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003207","volume":"46","author":"LR Franko","year":"2018","unstructured":"Franko LR, Hollon T, Linzey J, Roark C, Rajajee V, Sheehan K, Teig M, Hervey-Jumper S, Heth J, Orringer D, Williamson CA (2018) Clinical factors associated with ICU-specific care following supratentoral brain tumor resection and validation of a risk prediction score. Crit Care Med 46:1302\u20131308","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1910_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E54","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyz388","volume":"86","author":"MT Laan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Laan MT, Roelofs S, Van Huet I, Adang EMM, Bartels RHMA (2020) Selective intensive care unit admission after adult supratentorial tumor craniotomy: complications, length of stay, and costs. Neurosurgery 86:E54\u2013E59","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"1910_CR14","first-page":"1","volume":"4","author":"M Bahna","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bahna M, Hamed M, Ilic I, Salemdawod A, Schneider M, R\u00e1cz A, Baumgatner T, G\u00fcresir E, Eichhorn L, Lehmann F, Schuss P, Surges R, Vatter H, Borger V (2022) The necessity for routine intensive care unit admission following elective craniotomy for epilepsy surgery: a retrospective single-center observational study. J Neurosurg 4:1\u20137","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"1910_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198104000-00006","volume":"8","author":"WA Knaus","year":"1981","unstructured":"Knaus WA, Draper E, Lawrence DE, Wagner DP, Zimmerman JE (1981) Neurosurgical admissions to the intensive care unit: intensive monitoring versus intensive therapy. Neurosurgery 8:438\u2013442","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"1910_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199801000-00019","volume":"42","author":"JE Zimmerman","year":"1998","unstructured":"Zimmerman JE, Junker CD, Becker RB, Draper EA, Wagner DP, Knaus WA (1998) Neurological intensive care admissions: identifying candidates for intermediate care and the services they receive. Neurosurgery 42:91\u2013101","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"1910_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-198306000-00006","volume":"62","author":"R Teplick","year":"1983","unstructured":"Teplick R, Caldera DL, Gilbert JP, Cullen DJ (1983) Benefit of elective intensive care admission after certain operations. Anesth Analg 62:572\u2013577","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"1910_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wolff Fernandes F, Krauss JK (2022) Microvascular decompression: a bibliometric analysis of the 100 most cited articles. World Neurosurg E1-E16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.03.128"},{"key":"1910_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1159\/000099937","volume":"68","author":"Y Ko","year":"1997","unstructured":"Ko Y, Park CW (1997) Microvascular decompression for tinnitus. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 68:266\u2013269","journal-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg"},{"key":"1910_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1988.69.1.0035","volume":"69","author":"KJ Burchiel","year":"1998","unstructured":"Burchiel KJ, Clarke H, Haglund M, Loeser JD (1998) Long-term efficacy of microvascular decompression in trigeminal neuralgia. J Neurosurg 69:35\u201338","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"1910_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1159\/000064620","volume":"77","author":"SS Chung","year":"2001","unstructured":"Chung SS, Chang JH, Choi JY, Chang JW, Park YG (2001) Microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm: a long-term follow-up of 1,169 consecutive cases. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 77:190\u2013193","journal-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg"},{"key":"1910_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-014-2324-1","volume":"157","author":"T Mathiesen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mathiesen T, Brantberg K (2015) Microvascular decompression for typewriter tinnitus-case report. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 157:333\u2013336","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"1910_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schroeder HK, Neville IS, de Andrade DC, Lepski GA, Teixeira MJ, Duarte KP (2015) Microvascular decompression of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery for intermediate nerve neuralgia. Surg Neurol Int 6:52","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.154452"},{"key":"1910_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-015-0666-7","volume":"39","author":"MH Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee MH, Jee TK, Lee JA, Park K (2016) Postoperative complications of microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm: lessons from experience of 2040 cases. Neurosurg Rev 39:151\u2013158","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"key":"1910_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2017.0506.010","volume":"60","author":"MK Kim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kim MK, Park JS, Ahn YH (2017) Microvascular decompression for glossopharyngeal neuralgia: clinical analyses of 30 cases. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 60:738\u2013748","journal-title":"J Korean Neurosurg Soc"},{"key":"1910_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.02.106","volume":"102","author":"H Zhao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhao H, Zhang X, Zhu J, Tang YD, Li ST (2017) Microvascular decompression for glossopharyngeal neuralgia: long-term follow-up. World Neurosurg 102:151\u2013156","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"1910_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-017-3347-1","volume":"160","author":"L Xia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xia L, Li YS, Liu MX, Zhong J, Dou NN, Li B, Li ST (2018) Microvascular decompression for glossopharyngeal neuralgia: a retrospective analysis of 228 cases. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 160:117\u2013123","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"1910_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199604253341701","volume":"334","author":"FG Barker Jr","year":"1996","unstructured":"Barker FG Jr, Jannetta PJ, Bissonette DJ, Larkins MV, Jho HD (1996) The long-term outcome of microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia. N Engl J Med 334:1077\u20131083","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1910_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.3109\/02688697.2011.641613","volume":"26","author":"LE Miller","year":"2012","unstructured":"Miller LE, Miller VM (2012) Safety and effectiveness of microvascular decompression for treatment of hemifacial spasm: a systematic review. Br J Neurosurg 26:438\u2013444","journal-title":"Br J Neurosurg"},{"key":"1910_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-016-2856-7","volume":"158","author":"J Bartek","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bartek J, Gulati S, Unsg\u00e5rd G, Weber C, F\u00f6rander P, Solheim O, Jakola AS (2016) Standardized reporting of adverse events after microvascular decompression of cranial nerves; a population-based single-institution consecutive series. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 158:1775\u20131781","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"1910_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.06.139","volume":"118","author":"H Kasuya","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kasuya H, Kuroi Y, Yokosako S, Koseki H, Tani S (2018) Intraoperative and postoperative bleeding in microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia. World Neurosurg 118:e123\u2013e128","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"1910_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuchi.2018.01.001","volume":"64","author":"M Sindou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sindou M, Mercier P (2018) Microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm: Outcome on spasm and complications. A review Neurochirurgie 64:106\u2013116","journal-title":"A review Neurochirurgie"},{"key":"1910_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.06.155","volume":"130","author":"S Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee S, Park SK, Joo BE, Lee JA, Park K (2019) Vascular complications in microvascular decompression: a survey of 4000 operations. World Neurosurg 130:e577\u2013e582","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"1910_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-200201000-00006","volume":"18","author":"WJ Elias","year":"2002","unstructured":"Elias WJ, Burchiel KJ (2002) Microvascular decompression. Clin J Pain 18(1):35\u201341","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"1910_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1999.90.1.0001","volume":"90","author":"MR McLaughlin","year":"1999","unstructured":"McLaughlin MR, Jannetta PJ, Clyde BL, Subach BR, Comey CH, Resnick DK (1999) Microvascular decompression of cranial nerves: lessons learned after 4400 operations. J Neurosurg 90(1):1\u20138","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"1910_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.5.JNS131996","volume":"121","author":"N McLaughlin","year":"2014","unstructured":"McLaughlin N, Upadhyaya P, Buxey F, Martin NA (2014) Value-based neurosurgery: measuring and reducing the cost of microvascular decompression surgery. J Neurosurg 121:700\u2013708","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"1910_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyab187","volume":"89","author":"AV Pendharkar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pendharkar AV, Shahin MN, Awsare SS, Ho AL, Wachira C, Clevinger J, Sigurdsson S, Lee Y, Wilson A, Lu AC, Melanie HG (2021) A novel protocol for reducing intensive care utilization after craniotomy. Neurosurgery 89(3):471\u2013477","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"1910_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.5.JNS152118","volume":"126","author":"JD Lawrence","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lawrence JD, Tuchek C, Cohen-Gadol AA, Sekula RF (2017) Utility of the intensive care unit in patients undergoing microvascular decompression: a multiinstitution comparative analysis. J Neurosurg 126:1967\u20131973","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"1910_CR39","first-page":"1","volume":"12","author":"YE Teton","year":"2019","unstructured":"Teton YE, Blatt D, Holste K, Raslan AM, Burchiel KJ (2019) Utilization of 3D imaging reconstructions and assessment of symptom-free survival after microvascular decompression of the facial nerve in hemifacial spasm. J Neurosurg 12:1\u20138","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"1910_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-194105000-00004","volume":"2","author":"M Saklad","year":"1941","unstructured":"Saklad M (1941) Grading of patients for surgical procedures. Anesthesiology 2:281\u2013284","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"1910_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s10194-010-0213-4","volume":"11","author":"HH Capelle","year":"2010","unstructured":"Capelle HH, Brandis A, Tschan CA, Krauss JK (2010) Treatment of recurrent trigeminal neuralgia due to Teflon granuloma. J Headache Pain 11:339\u2013344","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"1910_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1159\/000313873","volume":"88","author":"WM Younes","year":"2010","unstructured":"Younes WM, Capelle HH, Krauss JK (2010) Microvascular decompression of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery for intermediate nerve neuralgia. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 88:193\u2013195","journal-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg"},{"key":"1910_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pirayesh Islamian A, L\u00fctjens G, Krauss JK (2014) Microvascular decompression of the eighth cranial nerve for unilateral pulsatile tinnitus. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 117:102\u2013106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2013.11.031"},{"key":"1910_CR44","first-page":"507","volume":"19","author":"H Flor","year":"2016","unstructured":"Flor H, Rasche D, Islamian AP, Rolko C, Yilmaz P, Ruppolt M, Capelle HH, Tronnier V, Krauss JK (2016) Subtle sensory abnormalities detected by quantitative sensory testing in patients with trigeminal neuralgia. Pain Physician 19:507\u2013518","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"1910_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hatipoglu Majernik G, Al-Afif S, Heissler HE, Cassini Ascencao L, Krauss JK (2020) Microvascular decompression: is routine postoperative CT imaging necessary? Acta Neurochir (Wien) 162(5):1095\u20131099","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-020-04288-8"},{"key":"1910_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hatipoglu Majernik G, Al-Afif S, Heissler HE, Krauss JK (2021) Operative findings and outcome of microvascular decompression\/adhesiolysis for trigeminal neuralgia in multiple sclerosis without demyelinating brain stem lesions. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 200:106376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2020.106376"},{"key":"1910_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.3171\/2020.3.JNS192133","volume":"134","author":"JS Young","year":"2021","unstructured":"Young JS, Chan AK, Viner JA, Sankaran S, Chan AY, Imershein S, Meary-Miller A, Theodosopoulos PV, Jacques L, Aghi MK, Chang EF, Hervey-Jumper SL, Ward T, Gibson L, Ward MM, Sanftner P, Wong S, Amara D, Magill ST, Osorio JA, Venkatesh B, Gonzales R, Lau C, Boscardin C, Wang M, Berry K, McCullagh L, Reid M, Reels K, Nedkov S, Berger MS, McDermott MW (2021) A safe transitions pathway for post-craniotomy neurological surgery patients: high-value care that bypasses the intensive care unit. J Neurosurg 134:1286\u20131391","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"7","key":"1910_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.11627","volume":"107","author":"A Spinelli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Spinelli A, Pellino G (2020) COVID-19 pandemic: perspectives on an unfolding crisis. Br J Surg 107(7):785\u2013787","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"1910_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E54","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyz388","volume":"86","author":"M Ter Laan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ter Laan M, Roelofs S, Van Huet I, Adang EMM, Bartels RHMA (2020) Selective intensive care unit admission after adult supratentorial tumor craniotomy: complications, length of stay, and costs. Neurosurgery 86(1):E54\u2013E59","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"1910_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hong B, Apedjinou  A, Heissler HE, Chaib H, Lang JM, Al-Afif S, Krauss JK (2021) Effect of a bundle approach on external ventricular drain-related infection. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 163(4):1135\u20131142","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-020-04698-8"},{"key":"1910_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.15475","volume":"89","author":"C Demetriou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Demetriou C, Hu L, Smith TO, Hing CB (2019) Hawthorne effect on surgical studies. ANZ J Surg 89:1567\u20131576","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"}],"container-title":["Neurosurgical Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10143-022-01910-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10143-022-01910-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10143-022-01910-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T17:06:49Z","timestamp":1705943209000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10143-022-01910-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1910"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10143-022-01910-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1437-2320"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1437-2320","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 November 2022","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 December 2022","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Due to the retrospective nature of the study, informed consent was not required by the ethics committee of Hannover Medical School.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human and animal ethics"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Author JKK is consultant for Medtronic and Boston Scientific. The authors GHM, FWF, SAA, HEH, TP, AO, and DS declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"12"}}