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This study aimed to investigate the risk of RIMs after SRS for BAVMs. The outcomes of patients who underwent single-session SRS for BAVMs at our institution and were followed for \u2265\u20095 years were analyzed to calculate the incidence of RIMs. In addition, a systematic review was conducted using the existing literature reporting RIMs after SRS for BAVMs in compliance with the PRISMA guideline. Regarding the in-hospital analysis, only one (0.18%) RIM (gliosarcoma) was observed among 569 patients, with a median follow-up period of 151 months (interquartile range, 103\u2013255 months). The 15, 20, and 25-year cumulative incidences of RIMs were 0%, 0%, and 1.01%, respectively, whereas the overall incidence rate was 0.12 per 1,000 patient-years. In the systematic review, 14 studies were included, with the incidence of RIMs ranging from 0.00 to 0.24%. Eight patients with RIMs were identified, and the most common pathology was glioblastoma. The median time until the diagnosis of RIM was 7.1 years (range, 4\u201319 years) after SRS, and their clinical courses were largely dismal, with the post-diagnosis survival periods being 1\u201310 months. RIM constitutes an extremely rare but potentially fatal complication following SRS for BAVMs, with its incidence rate being at most 0.24%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-024-03093-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]],"date-time":"2024-11-25T20:37:25Z","timestamp":1732567045000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Radiation-induced malignancies after stereotactic radiosurgery for brain arteriovenous malformations: a large single-center retrospective study and systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8004-0317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takeru","family":"Hirata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7722-9861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Motoyuki","family":"Umekawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0097-5804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuki","family":"Shinya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3585-2188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hirotaka","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4393-1828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atsuto","family":"Katano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0196-5643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aya","family":"Shinozaki-Ushiku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9756-781X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nobuhito","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"3093_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.05.038","volume":"116","author":"H Hasegawa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hasegawa H, Hanakita S, Shin M, Sugiyama T, Kawashima M, Takahashi W, Shojima M, Ishikawa O, Nakatomi H, Saito N (2018) A Comprehensive Study of Symptomatic Late Radiation-Induced complications after Radiosurgery for Brain Arteriovenous Malformation: incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes. 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