{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T15:03:59Z","timestamp":1789398239540,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773360000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773360000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurosurg Rev"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-026-04207-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T02:28:15Z","timestamp":1773368895000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Free-hand electrode placement for intraoperative monitoring of extraocular cranial nerves in skull base surgery: preliminary experience and feasibility assessment"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8536-6962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Corazzelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviana","family":"Baiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Marino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Mastroianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arianna","family":"Fava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Schiano Di Cola","family":"Mario","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Di Rienzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Gorgoglione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastien","family":"Froelich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Esposito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Di Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"4207_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2148","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16112148","volume":"16","author":"G Mariniello","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mariniello G, Corvino S, Corazzelli G et al (2024) Spheno-orbital meningiomas: the rationale behind the decision-making process of treatment strategy. Cancers 16(11):2148","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"3","key":"4207_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.10506","volume":"29","author":"CM Harper","year":"2004","unstructured":"Harper CM (2004) Intraoperative cranial nerve monitoring. Muscle Nerve 29(3):339\u2013351","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"10","key":"4207_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-017-3268-z","volume":"159","author":"Z-Y Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li Z-Y, Li M-C, Liang J-T et al (2017) Usefulness of intraoperative electromyographic monitoring of oculomotor and abducens nerves during skull base surgery. Acta Neurochir 159(10):1925\u20131937","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"issue":"2","key":"4207_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-3019(97)00510-7","volume":"51","author":"T Menovsky","year":"1999","unstructured":"Menovsky T, van Overbeeke JJ (1999) On the mechanism of transient postoperative deficit of cranial nerves. Surg Neurol 51(2):223\u2013226","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"4207_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-011-0987-4","volume":"153","author":"M Ortler","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ortler M, Fiegele T, Walser G, Trinka E, Eisner W (2011) Cranial nerve monitoring during subpial dissection in temporomesial surgery. Acta Neurochir 153(6):1181\u20131189","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"issue":"4","key":"4207_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-009-1080-7","volume":"26","author":"N Morota","year":"2010","unstructured":"Morota N, Ihara S, Deletis V (2010) Intraoperative neurophysiology for surgery in and around the brainstem: role of brainstem mapping and corticobulbar tract motor-evoked potential monitoring. Child\u2019s Nerv Syst 26(4):513\u2013521","journal-title":"Child\u2019s Nerv Syst"},{"issue":"4","key":"4207_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1097\/00127893-200207000-00001","volume":"8","author":"RE Minahan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Minahan RE (2002) Intraoperative neuromonitoring. Neurologist 8(4):209\u2013226","journal-title":"Neurologist"},{"key":"4207_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-819826-1.00011-9","volume":"186","author":"MR Nuwer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nuwer MR, Husain AM, Soto F (2022) Overview of intraoperative neuromonitoring. Handb Clin Neurol 186:3\u20139","journal-title":"Handb Clin Neurol"},{"issue":"19","key":"4207_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3316","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16193316","volume":"16","author":"S Corvino","year":"2024","unstructured":"Corvino S, de Divitiis O, Iuliano A et al (2024) Biphenotypic sinonasal sarcoma with orbital invasion: A literature review and modular system of surgical approaches. Cancers 16(19):3316","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"6","key":"4207_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0b013e31823da47e","volume":"28","author":"JR L\u00f3pez","year":"2011","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez JR (2011) Neurophysiologic intraoperative monitoring of the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves. J Clin Neurophysiol 28(6):543\u2013550","journal-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4207_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2014.04.001","volume":"24","author":"D San-Juan","year":"2014","unstructured":"San-Juan D, Barges-Coll J, Amador JLG et al (2014) Intraoperative monitoring of the abducens nerve in extended endonasal endoscopic approach: a pilot study technical report. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 24(4):558\u2013564","journal-title":"J Electromyogr Kinesiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4207_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01400639","volume":"117","author":"T Sekiya","year":"1992","unstructured":"Sekiya T, Hatayama T, Iwabuchi T, Maeda S (1992) A ring electrode to record extraocular muscle activities during skull base surgery. Acta Neurochir 117(1):66\u201369","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"key":"4207_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Eisner,W., and T. Fiegele (2009). \"Neuromonitoring in central skull base surgery.\" Cavernous Sinus: Developments and Future Perspectives. Vienna: Springer Vienna 89\u2013104 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-211-72138-4_7","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-211-72138-4_7"},{"issue":"22","key":"4207_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3747","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16223747","volume":"16","author":"S Corvino","year":"2024","unstructured":"Corvino S, Corazzelli G, Mariniello G et al (2024) Biphenotypic Sinonasal Sarcoma: Literature Review of a Peculiar Pathological Entity\u2014The Neurosurgical Point of View. Cancers 16(22):3747","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"12","key":"4207_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2267","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16122267","volume":"16","author":"S Corvino","year":"2024","unstructured":"Corvino S, Altieri R, La Rocca G et al (2024) Topographic Patterns of Intracranial Meningioma Recurrences\u2014Systematic Review with Clinical Implication. Cancers 16(12):2267","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"2","key":"4207_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199302000-00012","volume":"32","author":"T Sekiya","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sekiya T, Hatayama T, Iwabuchi T, Maeda S (1993) Intraoperative recordings of evoked extraocular muscle activities to monitor ocular motor nerve function. Neurosurgery 32(2):227\u2013235","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"4207_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s007010170105","volume":"143","author":"H-P Schlake","year":"2001","unstructured":"Schlake H-P, Goldbrunner R, Siebert M, Behr R, Roosen K (2001) Intra-operative electromyographic monitoring of extra-ocular motor nerves (Nn. III, VI) in skull base surgery. Acta Neurochir 143(3):251\u2013261","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"issue":"3","key":"4207_CR18","first-page":"660","volume":"49","author":"O Alberti","year":"2001","unstructured":"Alberti O, Sure U, Riegel T, Bertalanffy H (2001) Image-guided placement of eye muscle electrodes for intraoperative cranial nerve monitoring. Neurosurgery 49(3):660\u2013664","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"4207_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-4231(07)08026-4","volume":"8","author":"JR L\u00f3pez","year":"2008","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez JR (2008) Oculomotor and lower cranial nerve monitoring. Handb Clin Neurophysiol 8:384\u2013395","journal-title":"Handb Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"01","key":"4207_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"0011","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-6788","volume":"10","author":"C Fukaya","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fukaya C, Katayama Y, Kasai M, Kurihara J, Yamamoto T (2000) Intraoperative electro-oculographic monitoring for skull base surgery. Skull base Surg 10(01):0011\u20130016","journal-title":"Skull base Surg"},{"key":"4207_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corazzelli, Giuseppe, et al (2025). \"Evaluating the predictive value of multimodal intraoperative neuromonitoring in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a retrospective cohort study on 442 patients.\" European Spine Journal 34. 8:3389\u20133397","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-025-08985-9"},{"issue":"3","key":"4207_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2004.09.013","volume":"116","author":"CC Dong","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dong CC, MacDonald DB, Akagami R et al (2005) Intraoperative facial motor evoked potential monitoring with transcranial electrical stimulation during skull base surgery. Clin Neurophysiol 116(3):588\u2013596","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4207_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-007-0105-5","volume":"31","author":"C Topsakal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Topsakal C, Al-Mefty O, Bulsara KR, Williford VS (2008) Intraoperative monitoring of lower cranial nerves in skull base surgery: technical report and review of 123 monitored cases. Neurosurg Rev 31(1):45\u201353","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"4207_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.10.JNS12383","volume":"118","author":"E Ito","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ito E, Ichikawa M, Itakura T et al (2013) Motor evoked potential monitoring of the vagus nerve with transcranial electrical stimulation during skull base surgeries. J Neurosurg 118(1):195\u2013201","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"4207_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00248756","volume":"71","author":"R Benecke","year":"1988","unstructured":"Benecke R, Meyer B-U, Sch\u00f6nle P, Conrad B (1988) Transcranial magnetic stimulation of the human brain: responses in muscles supplied by cranial nerves. Exp Brain Res 71(3):623\u2013632","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"}],"container-title":["Neurosurgical Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10143-026-04207-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10143-026-04207-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10143-026-04207-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T02:28:17Z","timestamp":1773368897000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10143-026-04207-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4207"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10143-026-04207-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1437-2320"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1437-2320","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 January 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 March 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 March 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"275"}}