{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T02:07:59Z","timestamp":1788746879258,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurosurg Rev"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-026-04477-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T01:40:21Z","timestamp":1788745221000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Etiological analysis and reoperative strategies for recurrent or failed hemifacial spasm after microvascular decompression"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Yulong","family":"Chong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zijing","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengrong","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wu","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weibang","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"4477_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.2176\/jns-nmc.2024-0017","volume":"64","author":"Y Amano","year":"2024","unstructured":"Amano Y, Asayama B, Noro S, Abe T, Okuma M, Honjo K, Seo Y, Nakamura H (2024) Correlation between Delayed Relief after Microvascular Decompression and Morphology of the Lateral Spread Response in Patients with Hemifacial Spasm-Further Examination with Compound Motor Action Potentials. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 64(10):360\u2013368","journal-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)"},{"key":"4477_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2025.109182","volume":"258","author":"K Waqar","year":"2025","unstructured":"Waqar K, Roser F, Thomas M, Abdelmajed Y, De Freitas E, Mittal SO (2025) Hemifacial spasm in the Middle East: Insights from a high-volume tertiary care center. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 258:109182","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"issue":"7","key":"4477_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e620","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000009388","volume":"34","author":"J Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang J, Zhang W, Wang X, Luo T, Wang X, Qu Y (2023) Application of Neuronavigation in Microvascular Decompression: Optimizing Craniotomy and 3D Reconstruction of Neurovascular Compression. J Craniofac Surg 34(7):e620\u2013e623","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"4477_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1161179","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2023.1161179","volume":"17","author":"C Zhu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhu C, Chong Y, Jiang C, Xu W, Wang J, Jiang C, Liang W, Wang B (2023) Surgical anatomy of sigmoid sinus with evaluation of its venous dominance for advances in preoperative planning. Front Neurosci 17:1161179","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"issue":"Supple2","key":"4477_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S118","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyaa549_S118","volume":"89","author":"Y Mizobuchi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mizobuchi Y, Nagahiro S, Kondo A, Arita K, Date I, Fujii Y, Fujimaki T, Hanaya R, Hasegawa M, Hatayama T, Hongo K, Inoue T, Kasuya H, Kobayashi M, Kohmura E, Matsushima T, Masuoka J, Morita A, Munemoto S, Nishizawa S, Okayama Y, Sato K, Shigeno T, Shimano H, Takeshima H, Tanabe H, Yamakami I (2021) Prospective, multicenter clinical study of microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm. Neurosurgery 89(Supple2):S118\u2013S118","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"4","key":"4477_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1735855","volume":"83","author":"YF Xia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xia YF, Zhou WP, Zhang Y, Li YZ, Wang XH, Li ST, Zhao H (2022) How to Improve the Effect of Microvascular Decompression for Hemifacial Spasm: A Retrospective Study of 32 Cases with Unsuccessful First Time MVD. J Neurol Surg Cent Eur Neurosurg 83(4):338\u2013343","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg Cent Eur Neurosurg"},{"issue":"10","key":"4477_CR7","first-page":"833","volume":"118","author":"Y Yuan","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yuan Y, Wang Y, Zhang SX, Zhang L, Li R, Guo J (2005) Microvascular decompression in patients with hemifacial spasm: report of 1200 cases. Chin Med J (Engl) 118(10):833\u2013836 PMID: 15989764","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"issue":"2","key":"4477_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1227\/neu.0000000000002894","volume":"95","author":"M Al Mutawa","year":"2024","unstructured":"Al Mutawa M, Matthes M, Schroeder HWS, Weidemeier ME (2024) Etiology and Management of Recurrent and Persistent Hemifacial Spasm-A Single-Center Experience. Neurosurgery 95(2):418\u2013427","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"4477_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687945","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.687945","volume":"12","author":"J Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu J, Li F, Wu G, Liu B, Zhou J, Fan C, Jiao F, Wang D, Wu G, Song H, Liu R (2021) Long-Term Retrospective Analysis of Re-do Microvascular Decompression in Patients With Hemifacial Spasm. Front Neurol 12:687945","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4477_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-024-03048-x","volume":"47","author":"Z Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li Z, Zhang J, Wang N, Chen Y (2024) Efficacy and safety of reoperation for residual or recurrent hemifacial spasm after microvascular decompression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosurg Rev 47(1):804","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"4477_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E4","DOI":"10.3171\/2025.6.FOCUS25327","volume":"59","author":"H Zhou","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhou H, Cao Y, Liu S, Wei X, Zeng D, Zhang S, Li Y, Hu X, Wei Z (2025) Factors associated with persistent abnormal muscle responses in microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm and prognostic analysis. Neurosurg Focus 59(3):E4","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"4477_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bas.2024.102909","volume":"4","author":"AK Aftahy","year":"2024","unstructured":"Aftahy AK, Goldberg M, Butenschoen VM, Wagner A, Meyer B, Negwer C (2024) Functional outcomes after retrosigmoid approach to the cerebellopontine angle: Observations from a single-center experience of over 13 years. Brain Spine 4:102909","journal-title":"Brain Spine"},{"issue":"9","key":"4477_CR13","first-page":"1904","volume":"13","author":"JS Park","year":"2023","unstructured":"Park JS, Park K (2023) Operative Findings of over 5000 Microvascular Decompression Surgeries for Hemifacial Spasm: Our Perspective and Current Updates. Life (Basel) 13(9):1904","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"issue":"3","key":"4477_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E2","DOI":"10.3171\/2025.6.FOCUS25303","volume":"59","author":"K Iwasaki","year":"2025","unstructured":"Iwasaki K, Yoshimoto N, Kitamura K, Sasaki I, Toda H (2025) Microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm involving a tortuous vertebral artery: a single-center 100-patient series with surgical nuances and literature review. Neurosurg Focus 59(3):E2","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"4477_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiangtong X, Shijun Z, Chen H, Jiang D, Debao Y (2026) Recurrent Factors and Reoperation Strategies in Microvascular Decompression for Hemifacial Spasm. J Craniofac Surg","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000012502"},{"key":"4477_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.10.079","volume":"109","author":"H Zhao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhao H, Li GF, Zhang X, Tang YD, Zhou P, Zhu J, Li ST (2018) Long-Term Efficacy of Initial Microvascular Decompression Versus Subsequent Microvascular Decompression for Idiopathic Hemifacial Spasm. World Neurosurg 109:e778\u2013e782","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"4477_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e43","DOI":"10.1227\/neu.0000000000002930","volume":"95","author":"M Tugend","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tugend M, Sekula RF Jr. (2024) Commentary: Etiology and Management of Recurrent and Persistent Hemifacial Spasm-A Single Center Experience. Neurosurgery 95(2):e43","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"4477_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.07.191","volume":"131","author":"CK Park","year":"2019","unstructured":"Park CK, Lee SH, Park BJ (2019) Surgical Outcomes of Revision Microvascular Decompression for Persistent or Recurrent Hemifacial Spasm After Surgery: Analysis of Radiologic and Intraoperative Findings. World Neurosurg 131:e454\u2013e459","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"5","key":"4477_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.2176\/jns-nmc.2024-0245","volume":"65","author":"K Matsunaga","year":"2025","unstructured":"Matsunaga K, Ichimasu N, Nakajima N, Kohno M (2025) Comparison of Surgical Outcomes in Microscopic and Fully Endoscopic Microvascular Decompression for Hemifacial Spasm. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 65(5):230\u2013238","journal-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)"},{"issue":"2","key":"4477_CR20","first-page":"231","volume":"30","author":"A Bekar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bekar A, Kuytu T, Turkkan A, Altunyuva O, Eser Ocak P (2020) The Efficacy and Safety of Microvascular Decompression for Hemifacial Spasm: A Retrospective Analysis of Surgical Outcomes and Complications. Turk Neurosurg 30(2):231\u2013236","journal-title":"Turk Neurosurg"},{"key":"4477_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li Y, Cao B, Shi H, Wang H, Shi H, Cui J, Qian T (2026) A Comparative Study of Traditional and Synchronous Video Lateral Spread Response Monitoring in Predicting Long-Term Hemifacial Spasm Relief After Microvascular Decompression Surgery. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 30(4):541\u2013549","DOI":"10.1227\/ons.0000000000001576"},{"key":"4477_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2025.124144","volume":"200","author":"X Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu X, Li X, Hou Z, Ke Y, Zhang X, Zhang X, Yang L, Zhang Y, Pu P, Zhang C (2025) Risk Factors for Delayed Facial Palsy Following Microvascular Decompression in Hemifacial Spasm: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. World Neurosurg 200:124144","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"7","key":"4477_CR23","first-page":"1616","volume":"13","author":"C Jeon","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jeon C, Jung NY, Kim M, Park K (2023) Intraoperative Monitoring of the Facial Nerve during Microvascular Decompression for Hemifacial Spasm. Life (Basel) 13(7):1616","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"key":"4477_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1561134","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2025.1561134","volume":"16","author":"F Ding","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ding F, Li P, Zuo X, Xiao Y, Wang D, Liu Y, Zou Y (2025) Impact of offending vessel location on lateral spread response variations in hemifacial spasm patients. Front Neurol 16:1561134","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4477_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.25122\/jml-2024-0040","volume":"17","author":"A Alzeeralhouseini","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alzeeralhouseini A, Moisak G, Labzina E, Rzaev J (2024) Trigeminal neuralgia caused by venous compression: a comprehensive literature review. J Med Life 17(5):462\u2013470","journal-title":"J Med Life"},{"issue":"4","key":"4477_CR26","first-page":"833","volume":"01\u201301","author":"M Matmusaev","year":"2020","unstructured":"Matmusaev M, Kumar RS, Yamada Y, Nagatani T, Kawase T, Tanaka R, Kyosuke M, Kato Y (2020) Endoscopic Microvascular Decompression for Hemifacial Spasm. Asian J Neurosurg 01\u201301(4):833\u2013838","journal-title":"Asian J Neurosurg"},{"key":"4477_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2475","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S459618","volume":"18","author":"T Zhu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhu T, Kang F, Han MM, He F, Jiang S, Hao LN, Huang X, Li J (2024) Comparison of Ciprofol-Based and Propofol-Based Total Intravenous Anesthesia on Microvascular Decompression of Facial Nerve with Neurophysiological Monitoring: A Randomized Non-Inferiority Trial. Drug Des Devel Ther 18:2475\u20132484","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"issue":"10","key":"4477_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.2176\/jns-nmc.2025-0146","volume":"65","author":"K Matsushima","year":"2025","unstructured":"Matsushima K, Matsunaga K, Nakajima N, Kohno M (2025) Autologous Fibrin Glue in Microvascular Decompression for Trigeminal Neuralgia and Hemifacial Spasm. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 65(10):448\u2013455","journal-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)"},{"issue":"91","key":"4477_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1227\/neu.0000000000001960","volume":"07\u201301","author":"M Kim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim M, Cho KR, Park SK, Jeon C, Park K (2022) Prognostic Value of Lateral Spread Response Recorded 1 Month After Microvascular Decompression for the Treatment of Hemifacial Spasm. NEUROSURGERY 07\u201301(91):159\u2013166","journal-title":"NEUROSURGERY"},{"issue":"5","key":"4477_CR30","first-page":"548","volume":"83","author":"Y Sato","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sato Y, Shimizu K, Iizuka K, Irie R, Matsumoto M, Mizutani T (2021) Factors Related to the Delayed Cure of Hemifacial Spasm after Microvascular Decompression: An Analysis of 175 Consecutive Patients. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 83(5):548\u2013553","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg B Skull Base"},{"issue":"1","key":"4477_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-024-02284-5","volume":"47","author":"K Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen K, Shen L, Yang J, Zhao J, Wu J, Cai Y, Mei Z, Chai S, Xu D, Jiang P, Xiong N (2024) A nomogram based on clinical multivariate factors predicts delayed cure after microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm. Neurosurg Rev 47(1):44","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"issue":"Supple1","key":"4477_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000001880_362","volume":"68","author":"A El Al Menabbawy","year":"2022","unstructured":"Al Menabbawy A, El Refaee E, Elwy R, Baldauf J, Schroeder H (2022) 362 What determines the time needed for initial complete resolution of facial contractions following microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm? Neurosurgery 68(Supple1):86\u201386","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"}],"container-title":["Neurosurgical Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10143-026-04477-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10143-026-04477-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10143-026-04477-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T01:40:22Z","timestamp":1788745222000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10143-026-04477-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4477"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10143-026-04477-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1437-2320"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1437-2320","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 August 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 August 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 September 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the institutional ethics committee of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (IRB approval number: 2026-0062-01). All procedures performed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Informed consent","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the institutional ethics committee of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (IRB approval number: 2026-0062-01) and was performed in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki declaration. Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Human Ethics and Consent to Participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","label":"Clinical trial number","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no personal, financial, or institutional interest in any of the drugs, materials, or devices described in this article.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","label":"Disclosures","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"554"}}