{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T11:19:11Z","timestamp":1785842351811,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":244,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]],"date-time":"2017-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511136000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Clin Oncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-017-1193-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]],"date-time":"2017-11-20T10:32:44Z","timestamp":1511173964000},"page":"201-234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Japan Society of Gynecologic Oncology guidelines 2015 for the treatment of vulvar cancer and vaginal cancer"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Toshiaki","family":"Saito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Tabata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Ikushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Yanai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hironori","family":"Tashiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Niikura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeo","family":"Minaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshinari","family":"Muramatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsukasa","family":"Baba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wataru","family":"Yamagami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuya","family":"Ariyoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimio","family":"Ushijima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikio","family":"Mikami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoru","family":"Nagase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masanori","family":"Kaneuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuo","family":"Yaegashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Udagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidetaka","family":"Katabuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"1193_CR1","first-page":"969","volume":"29","author":"Y Ariyoshi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ariyoshi Y (2002) Guideline for correct use of antineoplastic agents (draft). General theory. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 29:969\u2013977 (Guideline, in Japanese)","journal-title":"Gan To Kagaku Ryoho"},{"key":"1193_CR2","first-page":"1047","volume":"29","author":"K Ochiai","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ochiai K, Okamoto A, Katsumata N (2002) Guidelines for proper use of antineoplastic agents. Gynecologic cancer. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 29:1047\u20131054 (Guideline, in Japanese)","journal-title":"Gan To Kagaku Ryoho"},{"key":"1193_CR3","volume-title":"Minds guidance of practice guidelines 2007","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fukui T, Yoshida M, Yamaguchi N et al (eds) (2007) Minds guidance of practice guidelines 2007. Igaku Shoin, Tokyo (Guideline, in Japanese)"},{"key":"1193_CR4","first-page":"177","volume":"32","author":"T Sugawa","year":"1980","unstructured":"Sugawa T, Hashimoto M, Suzuki M et al (1980) Current status of outbreak and treatment of vulvar cancer in Japan. J JSOG 32:177\u2013186 (Level III, in Japanese)","journal-title":"J JSOG"},{"key":"1193_CR5","first-page":"685","volume":"47","author":"H Sugimori","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sugimori H, Kudo R (1995) Clinical statistical survey report on vulvar cancer in Japan. J JSOG 47:685\u2013693 (Level III, in Japanese)","journal-title":"J JSOG"},{"key":"1193_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1111\/his.12034","volume":"62","author":"M Pino Del","year":"2013","unstructured":"Del Pino M, Rodriguez-Carunchio L, Ordi J (2013) Pathways of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous cell carcinoma. Histopathology 62:161\u2013175 (Level III)","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"1193_CR7","first-page":"807","volume":"50","author":"M Sideri","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sideri M, Jones RW, Wilkinson EJ et al (2005) Squamous vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: 2004 modified terminology, ISSVD Vulvar Oncology Subcommittee. J Reprod Med 50:807\u2013810 (Nomenclature and classification)","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"1193_CR8","unstructured":"Crum CP, McCluggage WG, Herrington CS et al (2014) Tumours of the Vulva. In: Kurman RJ, Carcangiu ML, Herrington CS, Young RH (eds) World Health Organization classification of tumours of female reproductive organs, 4th edn. IARC, Lyon, pp 229\u2013253 (Nomenclature and classification)"},{"key":"1193_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199302000-00005","volume":"17","author":"RJ Kurman","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kurman RJ, Toki T, Schiffman MH (1993) Basaloid and warty carcinomas of the vulva. Distinctive types of squamous cell carcinoma frequently associated with human papillomaviruses. Am J Surg Pathol 17:133\u2013145 (Level III)","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"1193_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(15)30802-4","volume":"40","author":"FJ Taussig","year":"1940","unstructured":"Taussig FJ (1940) Cancer of the vulva: an analysis of 155 cases. Am J Obstet Gynecol 40:764\u2013779 (Level III)","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(60)90626-8","volume":"79","author":"S Way","year":"1960","unstructured":"Way S (1960) Carcinoma of the vulva. Am J Obstet Gynecol 79:692\u2013697 (Level III)","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(80)90038-4","volume":"9","author":"T Iversen","year":"1980","unstructured":"Iversen T, Aalders JG, Christensen A (1980) Squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva: a review of 424 patients, 1956\u20131974. Gynecol Oncol 9:271\u2013279 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.117401","volume":"185","author":"GB Ghurani","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ghurani GB, Penalver MA (2001) An update on vulvar cancer. Am J Obstet Gynecol 185:294\u2013299 (Level IV)","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-007-0659-9","volume":"12","author":"T Saito","year":"2007","unstructured":"Saito T, Kato K (2007) Management of lymph nodes in the treatment of vulvar cancer. Int J Clin Oncol 12:187\u2013191 (Level IV)","journal-title":"Int J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1993.1127","volume":"49","author":"HD Homesley","year":"1993","unstructured":"Homesley HD, Bundy BN, Sedlis A et al (1993) Prognostic factors for groin node metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva (a Gyncologic Oncology Group Study). Gynecol Oncol 49:279\u2013283 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(91)90055-A","volume":"43","author":"MP Hopkins","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hopkins MP, Reid GC, Vettrano I et al (1991) Squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva: prognostic factors influencing survival. Gynecol Oncol 43:113\u2013117 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2491","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19941101)74:9<2491::AID-CNCR2820740916>3.0.CO;2-5","volume":"74","author":"D Paladini","year":"1994","unstructured":"Paladini D, Cross P, Lopes A et al (1994) Prognostic significance of lymph node variables in squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. Cancer 74:2491\u20132496 (Level III)","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1994.1244","volume":"55","author":"SJ Andrews","year":"1994","unstructured":"Andrews SJ, Williams BT, DePriest PD et al (1994) Therapeutic implications of lymph nodal spread in lateral T1 and T2 squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. Gynecol Oncol 55:41\u201346 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD002036","author":"A Ansink van der","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ansink A, van der Velden J (2000) Surgical interventions for early squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. doi: 10.1002\/14651858.CD002036 (Level I)","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"1193_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1995.0011","volume":"59","author":"C Levenback","year":"1995","unstructured":"Levenback C, Burke TW, Morris M et al (1995) Potential applications of intraoperative lymphatic mapping in vulvar cancer. Gynecol Oncol 59:216\u2013220 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2008.08.007","volume":"111","author":"M Hampl","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hampl M, Hantschmann P, Michels W et al (2008) Validation of the accuracy of the sentinel lymph node procedure in patients with vulvar cancer: results of a multicenter study in Germany. Gynecol Oncol 111:282\u2013288 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.14.0566","volume":"26","author":"AG Zee Van der","year":"2008","unstructured":"Van der Zee AG, Oonk MH, De Hullu JA et al (2008) Sentinel node dissection is safe in the treatment of early-stage vulvar cancer. J Clin Oncol 26:884\u2013889 (Level II)","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2009-0075","volume":"14","author":"O Zivanovic","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zivanovic O, Khoury-Collado F, Abu-Rustum NR (2009) Sentinel-lymph-node biopsy in the management of vulvar carcinoma, cervical cancer, and endometrial cancer. Oncologist 14:695\u2013705 (Level III)","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"1193_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0b013e32834156fb","volume":"23","author":"K Robison","year":"2011","unstructured":"Robison K, Holman LL, Moore RG (2011) Update on sentinel lymph node evaluation in gynecologic malignancies. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 23:8\u201312 (Level IV)","journal-title":"Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2011.09.014","volume":"124","author":"DM Forner","year":"2012","unstructured":"Forner DM, Lampe B (2012) Exenteration in the treatment of Stage III\/IV vulvar cancer. Gynecol Oncol 124:87\u201391 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003752.pub2","author":"HC Doorn van","year":"2006","unstructured":"van Doorn HC, Ansink A, Verhaar-Langereis M et al (2006) Neoadjuvant chemoradiation for advanced primary vulvar cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. doi: 10.1002\/14651858.CD003752.pub2 (Level III)","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"1193_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(08)70147-5","volume":"9","author":"M H\u00f6ckel","year":"2008","unstructured":"H\u00f6ckel M, Dornh\u00f6fer N (2008) Vulvovaginal reconstruction for neoplastic disease. Lancet Oncol 9:559\u2013568 (Level IV)","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR28","first-page":"733","volume":"68","author":"HD Homesley","year":"1986","unstructured":"Homesley HD, Bundy BN, Sedlis A et al (1986) Radiation therapy versus pelvic node resection for carcinoma of the vulva with positive groin nodes. Obstet Gynecol 68:733\u2013740 (Level II)","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(97)82500-X","volume":"38","author":"CM Faul","year":"1997","unstructured":"Faul CM, Mirmow D, Huang Q et al (1997) Adjuvant radiation for vulvar carcinoma: improved local control. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 38:381\u2013389 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"1193_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2011.11.003","volume":"124","author":"DH Moore","year":"2012","unstructured":"Moore DH, Ali S, Koh WJ et al (2012) A phase II trial of radiation therapy and weekly cisplatin chemotherapy for the treatment of locally-advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Gynecol Oncol 124:529\u2013533 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2010.09.004","volume":"120","author":"RH Mak","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mak RH, Halasz LM, Tanaka CK et al (2011) Outcomes after radiation therapy with concurrent weekly platinum-based chemotherapy or every-3\u20134-week 5-fluorouracil-containing regimens for squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. Gynecol Oncol 120:101\u2013107 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2012.11.012","volume":"85","author":"S Beriwal","year":"2013","unstructured":"Beriwal S, Shukla G, Shinde A et al (2013) Preoperative intensity modulated radiation therapy and chemotherapy for locally advanced vulvar carcinoma: analysis of pattern of relapse. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 85:1269\u20131274 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"1193_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1996.0150","volume":"61","author":"F Landoni","year":"1996","unstructured":"Landoni F, Maneo A, Zanetta G et al (1996) Concurrent preoperative chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C and radiotherapy (FUMIR) followed by limited surgery in locally advanced and recurrent vulvar carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 61:321\u2013327 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(00)00762-8","volume":"48","author":"GS Montana","year":"2000","unstructured":"Montana GS, Thomas GM, Moore DH et al (2000) Preoperative chemo-radiation for carcinoma of the vulva with N2\/N3 nodes: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 48:1007\u20131013 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"1193_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(98)00193-X","volume":"42","author":"DH Moore","year":"1998","unstructured":"Moore DH, Thomas GM, Montana GS et al (1998) Preoperative chemoradiation for advanced vulvar cancer: a phase II study of the Gynecologic Oncology Group. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 42:79\u201385 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"1193_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1097\/00128360-200607000-00008","volume":"10","author":"J Scurry","year":"2006","unstructured":"Scurry J, Wilkinson EJ (2006) Review of terminology of precursors of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. J Low Genit Tract Dis 10:161\u2013169 (Level III)","journal-title":"J Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"key":"1193_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2008.11.037","volume":"45","author":"HP Nieuwenhof van de","year":"2009","unstructured":"van de Nieuwenhof HP, Massuger LF, van der Avoort IA et al (2009) Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma development after diagnosis of VIN increases with age. Eur J Cancer 45:851\u2013856 (Level III)","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR38","first-page":"728","volume":"131","author":"RL Lijnen","year":"1994","unstructured":"Lijnen RL, Blindeman LA (1994) VIN III (bowenoid type) and HPV infection. Br J Dermatol 131:728\u2013729 (Level III)","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"1193_CR39","first-page":"470","volume":"96","author":"RW Jones","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jones RW, Rowan DM (2000) Spontaneous regression of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia 2\u20133. Obstet Gynecol 96:470\u2013472 (Level III)","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-002-0385-5","volume":"268","author":"ON Richter","year":"2003","unstructured":"Richter ON, Petrow W, Wardelmann E et al (2003) Bowenoid papulosis of the vulva-immunotherapeutical approach with topical imiquimod. Arch Gynecol Obstet 268:333\u2013336 (Level III)","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"1193_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700578","volume":"127","author":"GP Lucker","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lucker GP, Speel EJ, Creytens DH et al (2007) Differences in imiquimod treatment outcome in two patients with bowenoid papulosis containing either episomal or integrated human papillomavirus 16. J Invest Dermatol 127:727\u2013729 (Level III)","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"1193_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e32835f21b1","volume":"45","author":"WG McCluggage","year":"2013","unstructured":"McCluggage WG (2013) Premalignant lesions of the lower female genital tract: cervix, vagina and vulva. Pathology 45:214\u2013228 (Level III)","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"1193_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2010.192","volume":"24","author":"HP Nieuwenhof van de","year":"2011","unstructured":"van de Nieuwenhof HP, Bulten J, Hollema H et al (2011) Differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia is often found in lesions, previously diagnosed as lichen sclerosus, which have progressed to vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. Mod Pathol 24:297\u2013305 (Level III)","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"1193_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0463.2003.1110901.x","volume":"111","author":"H Poulsen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Poulsen H, Junge J, Vyberg M et al (2003) Small vulvar squamous cell carcinomas and adjacent tissues. A morphologic study. APMIS 111:835\u2013842 (Level III)","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"1193_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2005.02.012","volume":"97","author":"M Seters van","year":"2005","unstructured":"van Seters M, van Beurden M, de Craen AJ (2005) Is the assumed natural history of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia III based on enough evidence? A systematic review of 3322 published patients. Gynecol Oncol 97:645\u2013651 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1097\/PGP.0b013e3181a934d4","volume":"28","author":"S Polterauer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Polterauer S, Catharina Dressler A, Grimm C et al (2009) Accuracy of preoperative vulva biopsy and the outcome of surgery in vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia 2 and 3. Int J Gynecol Pathol 28:559\u2013562 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Pathol"},{"key":"1193_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hatch KD (2006) A2. Vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN). Int J Gynecol Obstet 94:S36\u2013S39 (Level III)","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(07)60007-1"},{"key":"1193_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2013.08.028","volume":"171","author":"DM Forner","year":"2013","unstructured":"Forner DM, Dakhil R, Lampe B (2013) Can clitoris-conserving surgery for early vulvar cancer improve the outcome in terms of quality of life and sexual sensation? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 171:150\u2013153 (Level III)","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"1193_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1999.5584","volume":"75","author":"M Sideri","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sideri M, Spinaci L, Spolti N (1999) Evaluation of CO2 laser excision or vaporization for the treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. Gynecol Oncol 75:277\u2013281 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2007.06.003","volume":"107","author":"O Mathiesen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mathiesen O, Buus SK, Cramers M (2007) Topical imiquimod can reverse vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: a randomised, double-blinded study. Gynecol Oncol 107:219\u2013222 (Level II)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa072685","volume":"358","author":"M Seters van","year":"2008","unstructured":"van Seters M, van Beurden M, ten Kate FJ et al (2008) Treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia with topical imiquimod. N Engl J Med 358:1465\u20131473 (Level II)","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1193_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2007.10.023","volume":"101","author":"C Iavazzo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Iavazzo C, Pitsouni E, Athanasiou S (2008) Imiquimod for treatment of vulvar and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 101:3\u201310 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"1193_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605611","volume":"102","author":"S Daayana","year":"2010","unstructured":"Daayana S, Elkord E, Winters U et al (2010) Phase II trial of imiquimod and HPV therapeutic vaccination in patients with vulval intraepithelial neoplasia. Br J Cancer 102:1129\u20131136 (Level III)","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2010.12.340","volume":"121","author":"A Terlou","year":"2011","unstructured":"Terlou A, van Seters M, Ewing PC et al (2011) Treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia with topical imiquimod: seven years median follow-up of a randomized clinical trial. Gynecol Oncol 121:157\u2013162 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2010.12.002","volume":"305","author":"LL Villa","year":"2011","unstructured":"Villa LL (2011) HPV prophylactic vaccination: the first years and what to expect from now. Cancer Lett 305:106\u2013112 (Level III)","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"1193_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000187301.76283.7f","volume":"106","author":"RW Jones","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jones RW, Rowan DM, Stewart AW (2005) Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: aspects of the natural history and outcome in 405 women. Obstet Gynecol 106:1319\u20131326 (Level III)","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR57","first-page":"63","volume":"61","author":"KC Podratz","year":"1983","unstructured":"Podratz KC, Symmonds RE, Taylor WF et al (1983) Carcinoma of the vulva: analysis of treatment and survival. Obstet Gynecol 61:63\u201374 (Level III)","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR58","first-page":"401","volume":"114","author":"S Byron","year":"1962","unstructured":"Byron S, Lamb E, Yonemoto R et al (1962) Radical inguinal node dissection in the treatment of cancer. Surg Gynecol Obstet 114:401\u2013408 (Level III)","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"1193_CR59","first-page":"574","volume":"58","author":"NF Hacker","year":"1981","unstructured":"Hacker NF, Leuchter RS, Berek JS et al (1981) Radical vulvectomy and bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy through separate groin incisions. Obstet Gynaecol 58:574\u2013579 (Level III)","journal-title":"Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"1193_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1438.1993.03010018.x","volume":"3","author":"RN Grimshaw","year":"1993","unstructured":"Grimshaw RN, Murdoch JB, Monaghan JM (1993) Radical vulvectomy and bilateral inguinal-femoral lymphadenectomy through separate incisions\u2014experience with 100 cases. Int J Gynecol Cancer 3:18\u201323 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1995.1152","volume":"57","author":"BS Siller","year":"1995","unstructured":"Siller BS, Alvarez RD, Conner WD et al (1995) T2\/3 vulva cancer: a case-control study of triple incision versus en bloc radical vulvectomy and inguinal lymphadenectomy. Gynecol Oncol 57:335\u2013339 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(00)00273-6","volume":"93","author":"A Leminen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Leminen A, Forss M, Paavonen J (2000) Wound complications in patients with carcinoma of the vulva. Comparison between radical and modified vulvectomies. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 93:193\u2013197 (Level III)","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"1193_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(92)90247-G","volume":"46","author":"CW Helm","year":"1992","unstructured":"Helm CW, Hatch K, Austin JM et al (1992) A matched comparison of single and triple incision techniques for the surgical treatment of carcinoma of the vulva. Gynecol Oncol 46:150\u2013156 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2331","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10969","volume":"95","author":"JA Hullu De","year":"2002","unstructured":"De Hullu JA, Hollema H, Lolkema S et al (2002) Vulvar carcinoma. The price of less radical surgery. Cancer 95:2331\u20132338 (Level III)","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(90)90067-U","volume":"38","author":"TW Burke","year":"1990","unstructured":"Burke TW, Stringer CA, Gershenson DM et al (1990) Radical wide excision and selective inguinal node dissection for squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. Gynecol Oncol 38:328\u2013332 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2006.03.035","volume":"32","author":"JA Hullu de","year":"2006","unstructured":"de Hullu JA, van der Avoort IA, Oonk MH et al (2006) Management of vulvar cancers. Eur J Surg Oncol 32:825\u2013831 (Level III)","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1438.2007.00788.x","volume":"17","author":"Y Mooij de","year":"2007","unstructured":"de Mooij Y, Burger MP, Schilthuis MS et al (2007) Partial urethral resection in the surgical treatment of vulvar cancer does not have a significant impact on urinary continence. A confirmation of an authority-based opinion. Int J Gynecol Cancer 17:294\u2013297 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(79)90119-4","volume":"133","author":"PJ DiSaia","year":"1979","unstructured":"DiSaia PJ, Creasman WT, Rich WM (1979) An alternate approach to early cancer of the vulva. Am J Obstet Gynecol 133:825\u2013832 (Level III)","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1999.5638","volume":"76","author":"JF Magrina","year":"2000","unstructured":"Magrina JF, Gonzalez-Bosquet J, Weaver AL et al (2000) Squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva stage IA: long-term results. Gynecol Oncol 76:24\u201327 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(89)90078-4","volume":"35","author":"ML Berman","year":"1989","unstructured":"Berman ML, Soper JT, Creasman WT (1989) Conservative surgical management of superficially invasive stage I vulvar carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 35:352\u2013357 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(92)90050-S","volume":"44","author":"JL Kelley 3rd","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kelley JL 3rd, Burke TW, Tornos C et al (1992) Minimally invasive vulvar carcinoma: an indication for conservative surgical therapy. Gynecol Oncol 44:240\u2013244 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(88)80040-1","volume":"159","author":"MO Burrell","year":"1988","unstructured":"Burrell MO, Franklin EW 3rd, Campion MJ et al (1988) The modified radical vulvectomy with groin dissection: an eight-year experience. Am J Obstet Gynecol 159:715\u2013722 (Level III)","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1994.1087","volume":"53","author":"R Farias-Eisner","year":"1994","unstructured":"Farias-Eisner R, Cirisano FD, Grouse D et al (1994) Conservative and individualized surgery for early squamous carcinoma of the vulva: the treatment of choice for stage I and II (T1\u22122 N0\u22121 M0) disease. Gynecol Oncol 53:55\u201358 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1995.1128","volume":"57","author":"TW Burke","year":"1995","unstructured":"Burke TW, Levenback C, Coleman RL et al (1995) Surgical therapy of T1 and T2 vulvar carcinoma: further experience with radical wide excision and selective inguinal lymphadenectomy. Gynecol Oncol 57:215\u2013220 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2004.10.004","volume":"88","author":"M Arvas","year":"2005","unstructured":"Arvas M, K\u00f6se F, Gezer A et al (2005) Radical versus conservative surgery for vulvar carcinoma. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 88:127\u2013133 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"1193_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(90)90064-R","volume":"38","author":"JM Heaps","year":"1990","unstructured":"Heaps JM, Fu YS, Montz FJ et al (1990) Surgical-pathologic variables predictive of local recurrence in squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. Gynecol Oncol 38:309\u2013314 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2006.10.004","volume":"104","author":"JK Chan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chan JK, Sugiyama V, Pham H et al (2007) Margin distance and other clinico-pathologic prognostic factors in vulvar carcinoma: a multivariate analysis. Gynecol Oncol 104:636\u2013641 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2835","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19921215)70:12<2835::AID-CNCR2820701219>3.0.CO;2-U","volume":"70","author":"MP Hopkins","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hopkins MP, Morley GW (1992) Pelvic exenteration for the treatment of vulvar cancer. Cancer 70:2835\u20132838 (Level III)","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(92)90068-T","volume":"47","author":"AH Russell","year":"1992","unstructured":"Russell AH, Mesic JB, Scudder SA et al (1992) Synchronous radiation and cytotoxic chemotherapy for locally advanced or recurrent squamous cancer of the vulva. Gynecol Oncol 47:14\u201320 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR80","first-page":"155","volume":"63","author":"NF Hacker","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hacker NF, Berek JS, Lagasse LD et al (1984) Individualization of treatment for stage I squamous cell vulvar carcinoma. Obstet Gynecol 63:155\u2013162 (Level III)","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(91)90573-A","volume":"164","author":"HD Homesley","year":"1991","unstructured":"Homesley HD, Bundy BN, Sedlis A et al (1991) Assessment of current International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging of vulvar carcinoma relative to prognostic factors for survival (a Gynecologic Oncology Group study). Am J Obstet Gynecol 164:997\u20131004 (Level III)","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(92)90699-I","volume":"24","author":"FB Stehman","year":"1992","unstructured":"Stehman FB, Bundy BN, Thomas G et al (1992) Groin dissection versus groin radiation in carcinoma of the vulva: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 24:389\u2013396 (Level II)","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"1193_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.2820710436","volume":"71","author":"NF Hacker","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hacker NF, Van der Velden J (1993) Conservative management of early vulvar cancer. Cancer 71:1673\u20131677 (Level IV)","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(87)90132-3","volume":"156","author":"A Sedlis","year":"1987","unstructured":"Sedlis A, Homesley H, Bundy BN et al (1987) Positive groin lymph nodes in superficial squamous cell vulvar cancer. A Gynecologic Oncology Group Study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 156:1159\u20131164 (Level III)","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR85","first-page":"490","volume":"79","author":"FB Stehman","year":"1992","unstructured":"Stehman FB, Bundy BN, Dvoretsky PM et al (1992) Early stage I carcinoma of the vulva treated with ipsilateral superficial inguinal lymphadenectomy and modified radical hemivulvectomy: a prospective study of the Gynecologic Oncology Group. Obstet Gynecol 79:490\u2013497 (Level III)","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-8258(03)00374-3","volume":"90","author":"ME Gordinier","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gordinier ME, Malpica A, Burke TW et al (2003) Groin recurrence in patients with vulvar cancer with negative nodes on superficial inguinal lymphadenectomy. Gynecol Oncol 90:625\u2013628 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2005.05.011","volume":"98","author":"TO Kirby","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kirby TO, Rocconi RP, Numnum TM et al (2005) Outcomes of Stage I\/II vulvar cancer patients after negative superficial inguinal lymphadenectomy. Gynecol Oncol 98:309\u2013312 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1438.2007.00806.x","volume":"17","author":"L Rob","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rob L, Robova H, Pluta M et al (2007) Further data on sentinel lymph node mapping in vulvar cancer by blue dye and radiocolloid Tc99. Int J Gynecol Cancer 17:147\u2013153 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(83)90092-6","volume":"16","author":"T Iversen","year":"1983","unstructured":"Iversen T, Aas M (1983) Lymph drainage from the vulva. Gynecol Oncol 16:179\u2013189 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2006.08.035","volume":"104","author":"CP DeSimone","year":"2007","unstructured":"DeSimone CP, Van Ness JS, Cooper AL et al (2007) The treatment of lateral T1 and T2 squamous cell carcinomas of the vulva confined to the labium majus or minus. Gynecol Oncol 104:390\u2013395 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2007.02.014","volume":"105","author":"J Gonzalez Bosquet","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gonzalez Bosquet J, Magrina JF, Magtibay PM et al (2007) Patterns of inguinal groin metastases in squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. Gynecol Oncol 105:742\u2013746 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2012.11.034","volume":"128","author":"RL Coleman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Coleman RL, Ali S, Levenback CF et al (2013) Is bilateral lymphadenectomy for midline squamous carcinoma of the vulva always necessary? An analysis from Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) 173. Gynecol Oncol 128:155\u2013159 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181b12f99","volume":"114","author":"C Kunos","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kunos C, Simpkins F, Gibbons H et al (2009) Radiation therapy compared with pelvic node resection for node-positive vulvar cancer: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 114:537\u2013546 (Level II)","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR94","unstructured":"Greater Metropolitan Clinical Taskforce (2009). Vulvar cancer. Best clinical practice gynecological cancer guidelines. https:\/\/www.aci.health.nsw.gov.au\/__data\/assets\/pdf_file\/0010\/154549\/go_clinical_guidelines.pdf#search=%27Greater+Metropolitan+Clinical+Taskforce.+Vulvar+cancer.+Best+Clinical+Practice+Gynecological+Cancer+Guidelines%2C%27 . Accessed 20 Oct 2017 (guidelines)"},{"key":"1193_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1438.2006.00769.x","volume":"17","author":"SE Hyde","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hyde SE, Valmadre S, Hacker NF et al (2007) Squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva with bulky positive groin nodes\u2212nodal debulking versus full groin dissection prior to radiation therapy. Int J Gynecol Cancer 17:154\u2013158 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(92)90229-C","volume":"46","author":"DP Barton","year":"1992","unstructured":"Barton DP, Berman C, Cavanagh D et al (1992) Lymphoscintigraphy in vulvar cancer: a pilot study. Gynecol Oncol 46:341\u2013344 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR97","first-page":"163","volume":"84","author":"C Levenback","year":"1994","unstructured":"Levenback C, Burke TW, Gershenson DM et al (1994) Intraoperative lymphatic mapping for vulvar cancer. Obstet Gynecol 84:163\u2013167 (Level III)","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(16)35435-4","volume":"34","author":"CJ Reade","year":"2012","unstructured":"Reade CJ, Jimenez W, O\u2019Reilly D et al (2012) Sentinel-lymph-node biopsy in vulvar cancer: a health technology assessment for the Canadian health care context. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 34:1053\u20131065 (Level III)","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Can"},{"key":"1193_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2013.04.023","volume":"130","author":"M Hassanzade","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hassanzade M, Attaran M, Treglia G et al (2013) Lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy in squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva: systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. Gynecol Oncol 130:237\u2013245 (Level II)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2010.10.009","volume":"120","author":"LM Crane","year":"2011","unstructured":"Crane LM, Themelis G, Arts HJ et al (2011) Intraoperative near-infrared fluorescence imaging for sentinel lymph node detection in vulvar cancer: first clinical results. Gynecol Oncol 120:291\u2013295 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2008.12.006","volume":"113","author":"MH Oonk","year":"2009","unstructured":"Oonk MH, van Os MA, de Bock GH et al (2009) A comparison of quality of life between vulvar cancer patients after sentinel lymph node procedure only and inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy. Gynecol Oncol 113:301\u2013305 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2533","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2013.631","volume":"109","author":"AJ Sutton","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sutton AJ, Barton P, Sundar S et al (2013) Cost-effectiveness of sentinel-lymph-node biopsy vs inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy in women with vulval cancer. Br J Cancer 109:2533\u20132547 (Level III)","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR103","first-page":"4091","volume":"28","author":"AH Brunner","year":"2008","unstructured":"Brunner AH, Polterauer S, Tempfer C et al (2008) The accuracy of intraoperative frozen section of the inguinal sentinel lymph node in vulvar cancer. Anticancer Res 28:4091\u20134094 (Level III)","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"1193_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2885","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19950615)75:12<2885::AID-CNCR2820751215>3.0.CO;2-3","volume":"75","author":"J Velden van der","year":"1995","unstructured":"van der Velden J, van Lindert AC, Lammes FB et al (1995) Extracapsular growth of lymph node metastases in squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. The impact on recurrence and survival. Cancer 75:2885\u20132890 (Level III)","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2006.06.030","volume":"103","author":"A Parthasarathy","year":"2006","unstructured":"Parthasarathy A, Cheung MK, Osann K et al (2006) The benefit of adjuvant radiation therapy in single-node-positive squamous cell vulvar carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 103:1095\u20131099 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2009.05.017","volume":"114","author":"G Fons","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fons G, Groenen SM, Oonk MH et al (2009) Adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with vulvar cancer and one intra capsular lymph node metastasis is not beneficial. Gynecol Oncol 114:343\u2013345 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003752.pub3","author":"TS Shylasree","year":"2006","unstructured":"Shylasree TS, Bryant A, Howells RE (2011) Chemoradiation for advanced primary vulval cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. doi: 10.1002\/14651858.CD003752.pub3 (Level II)","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"1193_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1997.4758","volume":"66","author":"MJ Cunningham","year":"1997","unstructured":"Cunningham MJ, Goyer RP, Gibbons SK et al (1997) Primary radiation, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil for advanced squamous carcinoma of the vulva. Gynecol Oncol 66:258\u2013261 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.2001.6180","volume":"81","author":"HC Wagenaar","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wagenaar HC, Colombo N, Vergote I et al (2001) Bleomycin, methotrexate, and CCNU in locally advanced or recurrent, inoperable, squamous-cell carcinoma of the vulva: an EORTC Gynaecological Cancer Cooperative Group Study. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. Gynecol Oncol 81:348\u2013354 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1993.1163","volume":"50","author":"P Benedetti-Panici","year":"1993","unstructured":"Benedetti-Panici P, Greggi S, Scambia G et al (1993) Cisplatin (P), bleomycin (B), and methotrexate (M) preoperative chemotherapy in locally advanced vulvar carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 50:49\u201353 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2005.06.068","volume":"100","author":"JP Geisler","year":"2006","unstructured":"Geisler JP, Manahan KJ, Buller RE (2006) Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in vulvar cancer: avoiding primary exenteration. Gynecol Oncol 100:53\u201357 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0b013e318263ef55","volume":"22","author":"AM Aragona","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aragona AM, Cuneo N, Soderini AH et al (2012) Tailoring the treatment of locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva: neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical surgery: results from a multicenter study. Int J Gynecol Cancer 22:1258\u20131263 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1111\/IGC.0b013e3181c93adc","volume":"20","author":"AP Domingues","year":"2010","unstructured":"Domingues AP, Mota F, Durao M et al (2010) Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced vulvar cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 20:294\u2013298 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(86)90138-1","volume":"23","author":"JT Thigpen","year":"1986","unstructured":"Thigpen JT, Blessing JA, Homesley HD et al (1986) Phase II trials of cisplatin and piperazinedione in advanced or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva: a Gynecologic Oncology Group Study. Gynecol Oncol 23:358\u2013363 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1097\/00000421-198904000-00011","volume":"12","author":"HB Muss","year":"1989","unstructured":"Muss HB, Bundy BN, Christopherson WA (1989) Mitoxantrone in the treatment of advanced vulvar and vaginal carcinoma. A Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Am J Clin Oncol 12:142\u2013144 (Level III)","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0b013e31824b4058","volume":"22","author":"SN Han","year":"2012","unstructured":"Han SN, Vergote I, Amant F (2012) Weekly paclitaxel\/carboplatin in the treatment of locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic vulvar cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 22:865\u2013868 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdp043","volume":"20","author":"PO Witteveen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Witteveen PO, van der Velden J, Vergote I et al (2009) Phase II study on paclitaxel in patients with recurrent, metastatic or locally advanced vulvar cancer not amenable to surgery or radiotherapy: a study of the EORTC-GCG (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer\u2212Gynaecological Cancer Group). Ann Oncol 20:1511\u20131516 (Level III)","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR118","first-page":"639","volume":"64","author":"C Trop\u00e9","year":"1980","unstructured":"Trop\u00e9 C, Johnsson JE, Larsson G et al (1980) Bleomycin alone or combined with mitomycin C in treatment of advanced or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. Cancer Treat Rep 64:639\u2013642 (Level III)","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rep"},{"key":"1193_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1159\/000259259","volume":"77","author":"G Cormio","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cormio G, Loizzi V, Gissi F et al (2009) Cisplatin and vinorelbine chemotherapy in recurrent vulvar carcinoma. Oncology 77:281\u2013284 (Level III)","journal-title":"Oncology"},{"key":"1193_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2011.04.008","volume":"82","author":"F Tomao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tomao F, Di Tucci C, Marchetti C et al (2012) Role of chemotherapy in the management of vulvar carcinoma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 82:25\u201339 (Level III)","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"key":"1193_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2004.09.016","volume":"96","author":"F Bellati","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bellati F, Angioli R, Manci N et al (2005) Single agent cisplatin chemotherapy in surgically resected vulvar cancer patients with multiple inguinal lymph node metastases. Gynecol Oncol 96:227\u2013231 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR122","unstructured":"Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (2014) Management of vulval cancer. https:\/\/www.rcog.org.uk\/globalassets\/documents\/guidelines\/vulvalcancerguideline.pdf#search=%27Royal+College+of+Obstetricians+and+Gynecologists.+Management+of+Vulvar+Cancer%27 . Accessed 30 Sept 2017 (guidelines)"},{"key":"1193_CR123","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health. Vulvar cancer treatment (PDQ). Version 2. 26, 2015. http:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/cancertopics\/pdq\/treatment\/vulvar\/HealthProfessional . Accessed 15 Mar 2015 (guidelines)"},{"key":"1193_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2624","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11837","volume":"98","author":"MH Oonk","year":"2003","unstructured":"Oonk MH, de Hullu JA, Hollema H et al (2003) The value of routine follow-up in patients treated for carcinoma of the vulva. Cancer 98:2624\u20132629 (Level III)","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2005.03.006","volume":"97","author":"J Gonzalez Bosquet","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gonzalez Bosquet J, Magrina JF, Gaffey TA et al (2005) Long-term survival and disease recurrence in patients with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. Gynecol Oncol 97:828\u2013833 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1993.1032","volume":"48","author":"B Piura","year":"1993","unstructured":"Piura B, Masotina A, Murdoch J et al (1993) Recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva: a study of 73 cases. Gynecol Oncol 48:189\u2013195 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20000701)89:1<116::AID-CNCR16>3.0.CO;2-4","volume":"89","author":"T Maggino","year":"2000","unstructured":"Maggino T, Landoni F, Sartori E et al (2000) Patterns of recurrence in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. A multicenter CTF study. Cancer 89:116\u2013122 (Level III)","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2013.07.082","volume":"131","author":"A Wills","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wills A, Obermair A (2013) A review of complications associated with the surgical treatment of vulvar cancer. Gynecol Oncol 131:467\u2013479 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s11864-002-0060-x","volume":"3","author":"EM Salom","year":"2002","unstructured":"Salom EM, Penalver M (2002) Recurrent vulvar cancer. Curr Treat Options Oncol 3:143\u2013153 (Level IV)","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR130","first-page":"318","volume":"14","author":"G Chakalova","year":"1993","unstructured":"Chakalova G, Karagiozov A (1993) The surgical management of recurrent carcinoma of the vulva. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 14:318\u2013322 (Level III)","journal-title":"Eur J Gynaecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(89)90157-1","volume":"34","author":"G Thomas","year":"1989","unstructured":"Thomas G, Dembo A, DePetrillo A et al (1989) Concurrent radiation and chemotherapy in vulvar carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 34:263\u2013267 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(96)70654-3","volume":"174","author":"FB Stehman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Stehman FB, Bundy BN, Ball H et al (1996) Sites of failure and times to failure in carcinoma of the vulva treated conservatively: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 174:1128\u20131132 (Level III)","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2012.06.025","volume":"127","author":"J Fauci","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fauci J, Schneider K, Walters C et al (2012) The utilization of palliative care in gynecologic oncology patients near the end of life. Gynecol Oncol 127:175\u2013179 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-07419-3.00009-6","volume-title":"Clinical Gynecologic Oncology","author":"BM Slomovitz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Slomovitz BM, Coleman RL (2012) Invasive Cancer of the vagina. In: DiSaia PJ, Creasman WT (eds) Clinical Gynecologic Oncology, 8th edn. Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 245\u2013259 (Level III)","edition":"8"},{"key":"1193_CR135","unstructured":"Monaghan JM (1992) Invasive tumor of vagina: clinical features and management. In: Coppleson M (ed), Gynecologic oncology, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, p 506 (Level IV)"},{"key":"1193_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19980901)83:5<1033::AID-CNCR30>3.0.CO;2-6","volume":"83","author":"WT Creasman","year":"1998","unstructured":"Creasman WT, Phillips JL, Menck HR (1998) The National Cancer Data Base report on cancer of the vagina. Cancer 83:1033\u20131040 (Level III)","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E259","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.27354","volume":"131","author":"A Chao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chao A, Chen TS, Hsueh C et al (2012) Human papillomavirus in vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia. Int J Cancer 131:E259\u2013E268 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR138","unstructured":"Darragh TM, Colgan TJ, Cox JT et al (2012) The lower anogenital squamous terminology standardization project for HPV-associated lesions: background and consensus recommendations from the College of American Pathologists and the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology. Arch Pathol Lab Med 136:1266\u20131297 (guidelines)"},{"key":"1193_CR139","unstructured":"Ferenczy AS, Park KJ, Colgan TJ et al (2014) Tumours of the vagina. In: Kurman RJ, Carcangiu ML, Herrington CS, Young RH (eds) World Health Organization classification of tumours of female reproductive organs, 4th edn. IARC, Lyon, pp 207\u2013228 (Nomenclature and classification)"},{"key":"1193_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197104222841604","volume":"284","author":"AL Herbst","year":"1971","unstructured":"Herbst AL, Ulfelder H, Poskanzer DC (1971) Adenocarcinoma of the vagina. Association of maternal stilbestrol therapy with tumor appearance in young women. N Engl J Med 284:878\u2013881 (Level III)","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1193_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(95)02394-1","volume":"35","author":"V Chyle","year":"1996","unstructured":"Chyle V, Zagars GK, Wheeler JA et al (1996) Definitive radiotherapy for carcinoma of the vagina: outcome and prognostic factors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 35:891\u2013905 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"1193_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2007.09.015","volume":"85","author":"R Crevoisier de","year":"2007","unstructured":"de Crevoisier R, Sanfilippo N, Gerbaulet A et al (2007) Exclusive radiotherapy for primary squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina. Radiother Oncol 85:362\u2013370 (Level III)","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2004.09.032","volume":"62","author":"SJ Frank","year":"2005","unstructured":"Frank SJ, Jhingran A, Levenback C (2005) Definitive radiation therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 62:138\u2013147 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"1193_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1995.1077","volume":"56","author":"P Kirkbride","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kirkbride P, Fyles A, Rawlings GA et al (1995) Carcinoma of the vagina\u2212experience at the Princess Margaret Hospital (1974\u20131989). Gynecol Oncol 56:435\u2013443 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2008.07.007","volume":"111","author":"J Lian","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lian J, Dundas G, Carlone M et al (2008) Twenty-year review of radiotherapy for vaginal cancer: an institutional experience. Gynecol Oncol 111:298\u2013306 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(98)00530-6","volume":"44","author":"CA Perez","year":"1999","unstructured":"Perez CA, Grigsby PW, Garipagaoglu M et al (1999) Factors affecting long-term outcome of irradiation in carcinoma of the vagina. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 44:37\u201345 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"1193_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.2001.6520","volume":"84","author":"T Tabata","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tabata T, Takeshima N, Nishida H et al (2002) Treatment failure in vaginal cancer. Gynecol Oncol 84:309\u2013314 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2007.01.033","volume":"105","author":"PT Tran","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tran PT, Su Z, Lee P et al (2007) Prognostic factors for outcomes and complications for primary squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina treated with radiation. Gynecol Oncol 105:641\u2013649 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.2001.080004355.x","volume":"80","author":"H Kucera","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kucera H, Mock U, Knocke TH (2001) Radiotherapy alone for invasive vaginal cancer: outcome with intracavitary high dose rate brachytherapy versus conventional low dose rate brachytherapy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 80:355\u2013360 (Level III)","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"1193_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beriwal S, Demanes DJ, Erickson B et al (2012) American Brachytherapy Society consensus guidelines for interstitial brachytherapy for vaginal cancer. Brachytherapy 11:68\u201375 (guidelines)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brachy.2011.06.008"},{"key":"1193_CR151","unstructured":"JASTRO Brachytherapy Group (2013) Brachytherapy - QA Manual on Treatment and Physics, 1st edn. Kanehara, Tokyo, pp 100\u2013101 (guidelines, in Japanese)"},{"key":"1193_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2009.02.066","volume":"76","author":"MS Moran","year":"2010","unstructured":"Moran MS, Castrucci WA, Ahmad M et al (2010) Clinical utility of the modified segmental boost technique for treatment of the pelvis and inguinal nodes. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 76:1026\u20131036 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"1193_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1097\/00001703-200502000-00013","volume":"17","author":"WT Creasman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Creasman WT (2005) Vaginal cancers. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 17:71\u201376 (Level IV)","journal-title":"Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2011.04.004","volume":"81","author":"V Donato Di","year":"2012","unstructured":"Di Donato V, Bellati F, Fischetti M (2012) Vaginal cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 81:286\u2013295 (Level IV)","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"key":"1193_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)80018-X","volume":"176","author":"FH Sillman","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sillman FH, Fruchter RG, Chen YS et al (1997) Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia: risk factors for persistence, recurrence, and invasion and its management. Am J Obstet Gynecol 176:93\u201399 (Level III)","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19910701)68:1<195::AID-CNCR2820680135>3.0.CO;2-L","volume":"68","author":"M Aho","year":"1991","unstructured":"Aho M, Vesterinen E, Meyer B et al (1991) Natural history of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia. Cancer 68:195\u2013197 (Level III)","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/dji428","volume":"97","author":"S Vinokurova","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vinokurova S, Wentzensen N, Einenkel J et al (2005) Clonal history of papillomavirus-induced dysplasia in the female lower genital tract. J Natl Cancer Inst 97:1816\u20131821 (Level III)","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"1193_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-012-2637-3","volume":"287","author":"W Likes","year":"2013","unstructured":"Likes W, Santoso JT, Wan J (2013) A cross-sectional analysis of lower genital tract intraepithelial neoplasia in immune-compromised women with an abnormal Pap. Arch Gynecol Obstet 287:743\u2013747 (Level III)","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"1193_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1438.2000.010005382.x","volume":"10","author":"RM Rome","year":"2000","unstructured":"Rome RM, England PG (2000) Management of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia: a series of 132 cases with long-term follow-up. Int J Gynecol Cancer 10:382\u2013390 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2009.01108.x","volume":"36","author":"S Boonlikit","year":"2010","unstructured":"Boonlikit S, Noinual N (2010) Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia: a retrospective analysis of clinical features and colpohistology. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 36:94\u2013100 (Level III)","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"1193_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2010.09.005","volume":"120","author":"JB Liao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Liao JB, Jean S, Wilkinson-Ryan I et al (2011) Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN) after radiation therapy for gynecologic malignancies: a clinically recalcitrant entity. Gynecol Oncol 120:108\u2013112 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12223","volume":"120","author":"N Ratnavelu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ratnavelu N, Patel A, Fisher AD et al (2013) High-grade vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia: can we be selective about who we treat? BJOG 120:887\u2013893 (Level III)","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"410","key":"1193_CR163","first-page":"e1","volume":"208","author":"CC Gunderson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gunderson CC, Nugent EK, Elfrink SH et al (2013) A contemporary analysis of epidemiology and management of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 208(410):e1\u2013e6 (Level III)","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.03.055","volume":"193","author":"MD Indermaur","year":"2005","unstructured":"Indermaur MD, Martino MA, Fiorica JV et al (2005) Upper vaginectomy for the treatment of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 193:577\u2013580 (Level III)","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1080\/j.1600-0412.1999.780715.x","volume":"78","author":"D Cheng","year":"1999","unstructured":"Cheng D, Ng TY, Ngan HY et al (1999) Wide local excision (WLE) for vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN). Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 78:648\u2013652 (Level III)","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"1193_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7819-11-126","volume":"11","author":"YJ Choi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Choi YJ, Hur SY, Park JS et al (2013) Laparoscopic upper vaginectomy for post-hysterectomy high risk vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia and superficially invasive vaginal carcinoma. World J Surg Oncol 11:126 (Level III)","journal-title":"World J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.2001.6401","volume":"83","author":"JA Dodge","year":"2001","unstructured":"Dodge JA, Eltabbakh GH, Mount SL et al (2001) Clinical features and risk of recurrence among patients with vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia. Gynecol Oncol 83:363\u2013369 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(02)00209-9","volume":"106","author":"OT Yalcin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Yalcin OT, Rutherford TJ, Chambers SK et al (2003) Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia: treatment by carbon dioxide laser and risk factors for failure. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 106:64\u201368 (Level III)","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"1193_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2006.04.011","volume":"132","author":"S Ait Menguellet","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ait Menguellet S, Collinet P, Houfflin Debarge V et al (2007) Management of multicentric lesions of the lower genital tract. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 132:116\u2013120 (Level III)","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"1193_CR170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2011.10.033","volume":"117","author":"WW Wee","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wee WW, Chia YN, Yam PK (2012) Diagnosis and treatment of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 117:15\u201317 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"1193_CR171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(99)70379-0","volume":"181","author":"J Fanning","year":"1999","unstructured":"Fanning J, Manahan KJ, McLean SA (1999) Loop electrosurgical excision procedure for partial upper vaginectomy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 181:1382\u20131385 (Level IV)","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hatch KD (2006) A3. Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN). Int J Gyncol Obstet 94:S40\u2013S43 (Level III)","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(07)60008-3"},{"key":"1193_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2007.03.005","volume":"106","author":"K Graham","year":"2007","unstructured":"Graham K, Wright K, Cadwallader B et al (2007) 20-year retrospective review of medium dose rate intracavitary brachytherapy in VAIN 3. Gynecol Oncol 106:105\u2013111 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(97)00924-3","volume":"40","author":"I Ogino","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ogino I, Kitamura T, Okajima H et al (1998) High-dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy in the management of cervical and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 40:881\u2013887 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"1193_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-005-0022-1","volume":"272","author":"EF Murta","year":"2005","unstructured":"Murta EF, Neves Junior MA, Sempionato LR et al (2005) Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia: clinical-therapeutic analysis of 33 cases. Arch Gynecol Obstet 272:261\u2013264 (Level III)","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"1193_CR176","unstructured":"JASTRO (2012) Radiation Therapy Planning Guidelines 2012 (version 3). Kanehara, Tokyo (guidelines; in Japanese)"},{"key":"1193_CR177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-717X-3-7","volume":"3","author":"S Beriwal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Beriwal S, Heron DE, Mogus R et al (2008) High-dose rate brachytherapy (HDRB) for primary or recurrent cancer in the vagina. Radiat Oncol 3:7 (Level III)","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/15634046","volume":"76","author":"DM Kushner","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kushner DM, Fleming PA, Kennedy AW et al (2003) High dose rate (192) Ir afterloading brachytherapy for cancer of the vagina. Br J Radiol 76:719\u2013725 (Level III)","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"1193_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(03)00217-7","volume":"56","author":"U Mock","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mock U, Kucera H, Fellner C et al (2003) High-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy with or without external beam radiotherapy in the treatment of primary vaginal carcinoma: long-term results and side effects. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 56:950\u2013957 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"1193_CR180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-012-0379-7","volume":"18","author":"T Nonaka","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nonaka T, Nakayama Y, Mizoguchi N et al (2013) Definitive radiation therapy for invasive carcinoma of the vagina: impact of high -dose rate intracavitary brachytherapy. Int J Clin Oncol 18:314\u2013320 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1048-891x.2004.014066.x","volume":"14","author":"JL Dalrymple","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dalrymple JL, Russell AH, Lee SW et al (2004) Chemoradiation for primary invasive squamous carcinoma of the vagina. Int J Gynecol Cancer 14:110\u2013117 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2007.04.015","volume":"69","author":"R Samant","year":"2007","unstructured":"Samant R, Lau B, Choan E (2007) Primary vaginal cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiation using Cis-platinum. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 69:746\u2013750 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"1193_CR183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e65048","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065048","volume":"8","author":"DT Miyamoto","year":"2013","unstructured":"Miyamoto DT, Viswanathan AN (2013) Concurrent chemoradiation for vaginal cancer. PLoS One 8:e65048 (Level III)","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1193_CR184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rrt028","volume":"54","author":"N Murakami","year":"2013","unstructured":"Murakami N, Kasamatsu T, Sumi M et al (2013) Radiation therapy for primary vaginal carcinoma. J Radiat Res 54:931\u2013937 (Level III)","journal-title":"J Radiat Res"},{"key":"1193_CR185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0b013e3182072e44","volume":"21","author":"AJ Ghia","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ghia AJ, Gonzalez VJ, Tward JD (2011) Primary vaginal cancer and chemoradiotherapy: a patterns-of-care analysis. Int J Gynecol Cancer 21:378\u2013384 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1995.1008","volume":"56","author":"RG Stock","year":"1995","unstructured":"Stock RG, Chen AS, Seski J (1995) A 30-year experience in the management of primary carcinoma of the vagina: analysis of prognostic factors and treatment modalities. Gynecol Oncol 56:43\u201352 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.2001.6171","volume":"81","author":"WA Tjalma","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tjalma WA, Monaghan JM, de Barros Lopes A et al (2001) The role of surgery in invasive squamous carcinoma of the vagina. Gynecol Oncol 81:360\u2013365 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"1193_CR188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S97","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(12)60022-8","volume":"119","author":"NF Hacker","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hacker NF, Eifel PJ, van der Velden J (2012) Cancer of the vagina. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 119(Suppl 2):S97\u2013S99 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"1193_CR189","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health. Vaginal cancer treatment (PDQ). Version 2. 26, 2015. http:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/cancertopics\/pdq\/treatment\/vaginal\/HealthProfessional . Accessed 30 Mar 2015 (guidelines)"},{"key":"1193_CR190","unstructured":"Lee LJ, Jhingran A, Kidd E et al (2013) Acr appropriateness Criteria management of vaginal cancer. Oncology 27:1166\u20131173 (guidelines)"},{"key":"1193_CR191","first-page":"5","volume":"12","author":"T Tsuchida","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tsuchida T, Koga H, Uhara H et al (2015) Treatment guidelines of malignant skin tumors, 2nd edn. Jap J Dermatol 12:5\u201375 (guidelines; in Japanese)","journal-title":"Jap J Dermatol"},{"key":"1193_CR192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1053\/hupa.2002.124788","volume":"33","author":"EJ Wilkinson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wilkinson EJ, Brown HM (2002) Vulvar Paget disease of urothelial origin: a report of three cases and a proposed classification of vulvar Paget disease. Hum Pathol 33:549\u2013554 (Level III)","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"1193_CR193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199710000-00008","volume":"21","author":"JR Goldblum","year":"1997","unstructured":"Goldblum JR, Hart WR (1997) Vulvar Paget\u2019s disease: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 19 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 21:1178\u20131187 (Level IV)","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"1193_CR194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2000.03291.x","volume":"142","author":"T Ohnishi","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ohnishi T, Watanabe S (2000) The use of cytokeratins 7 and 20 in the diagnosis of primary and secondary extramammary Paget\u2019s disease. Br J Dermatol 142:243\u2013247 (Level III)","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"1193_CR195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19991001)86:7<1273::AID-CNCR24>3.0.CO;2-Z","volume":"86","author":"BK Ragnarsson-Olding","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ragnarsson-Olding BK, Kanter-Lewensohn LR, Lagerl\u00f6f B et al (1999) Malignant melanoma of the vulva in a nationwide, 25-year study of 219 Swedish females: clinical observations and histopathologic features. Cancer 86:1273\u20131284 (Level III)","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200211000-00007","volume":"26","author":"D Gupta","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gupta D, Malpica A, Deavers MT et al (2002) Vaginal melanoma: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 26 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 26:1450\u20131457 (Level III)","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"1193_CR197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-197011000-00017","volume":"172","author":"A Breslow","year":"1970","unstructured":"Breslow A (1970) Thickness, cross-sectional areas and depth of invasion in the prognosis of cutaneous melanoma. Ann Surg 172:902\u2013908 (Level III)","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"1193_CR198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(99)70143-2","volume":"180","author":"J Fanning","year":"1999","unstructured":"Fanning J, Lambert HC, Hale TM et al (1999) Paget\u2019s disease of the vulva: prevalence of associated vulvar adenocarcinoma, invasive Paget\u2019s disease, and recurrence after surgical excision. Am J Obstet Gynecol 180:24\u201327 (Level III)","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1097\/PGP.0b013e3181b1cc5e","volume":"29","author":"R Shaco-Levy","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shaco-Levy R, Bean SM, Vollmer RT et al (2010) Paget disease of the vulva: a histologic study of 56 cases correlating pathologic features and disease course. Int J Gynecol Pathol 29:69\u201378 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Pathol"},{"key":"1193_CR200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.2000.5741","volume":"77","author":"LP Parker","year":"2000","unstructured":"Parker LP, Parker JR, Bodurka-Bevers D et al (2000) Paget\u2019s disease of the vulva: pathology, pattern of involvement, and prognosis. Gynecol Oncol 77:183\u2013189 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2011.03.033","volume":"122","author":"IS Jones","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jones IS, Crandon A, Sanday K (2011) Paget\u2019s disease of the vulva: diagnosis and follow-up key to management; a retrospective study of 50 cases from Queensland. Gynecol Oncol 122:42\u201344 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1995.1010","volume":"56","author":"S Kodama","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kodama S, Kaneko T, Saito M (1995) A clinicopathologic study of 30 patients with Paget\u2019s disease of the vulva. Gynecol Oncol 56:63\u201370 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(86)90270-X","volume":"155","author":"D Stacy","year":"1986","unstructured":"Stacy D, Burrell MO, Franklin EW 3rd (1986) Extramammary Paget\u2019s disease of the vulva and anus; use of intraoperative frozen-section margins. Am J Obstet Gynecol 155:519\u2013523 (Level III)","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(89)90541-6","volume":"33","author":"S Bergen","year":"1989","unstructured":"Bergen S, DiSaia PJ, Liao SY (1989) Conservative management of extramammary Paget\u2019s disease of the vulva. Gynecol Oncol 33:151\u2013156 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1995.1044","volume":"56","author":"DA Fishman","year":"1995","unstructured":"Fishman DA, Chambers SK, Schwartz PE (1995) Extramammary Paget\u2019s disease of the vulva. Gynecol Oncol 56:266\u2013270 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1995.1106","volume":"57","author":"PJ DiSaia","year":"1995","unstructured":"DiSaia PJ, Dorion GE, Cappuccini F (1995) A report of two cases of recurrent Paget\u2019s disease of the vulva in a split-thickness graft and its possible pathogenesis-labeled \u201cretrodissemination\u201d. Gynecol Oncol 57:109\u2013112 (Level IV)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2012.01.032","volume":"125","author":"A Karam","year":"2012","unstructured":"Karam A, Dorigo O (2012) Treatment outcomes in a large cohort of patients with invasive Extramammary Paget\u2019s disease. Gynecol Oncol 125:346\u2013351 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.2001.6337","volume":"83","author":"WP Irvin Jr","year":"2001","unstructured":"Irvin WP Jr, Legallo RL, Stoler MH et al (2001) Vulvar melanoma: a retrospective analysis and literature review. Gynecol Oncol 83:457\u2013465 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199309000-00005","volume":"218","author":"CM Balch","year":"1993","unstructured":"Balch CM, Urist MM, Karakousis CP et al (1993) Efficacy of 2-cm surgical margins for intermediate-thickness melanomas (1 to 4\u00a0mm). Results of a multi-institutional randomized surgical trial. Ann Surg 218:262\u2013267 (Level II)","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"1193_CR210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00001703-200502000-00002","volume":"17","author":"AO Rodriguez","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rodriguez AO (2005) Female genital tract melanoma: the evidence is only skin deep. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 17:1\u20134 (Level IV)","journal-title":"Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2626","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19940515)73:10<2626::AID-CNCR2820731026>3.0.CO;2-U","volume":"73","author":"GL Phillips","year":"1994","unstructured":"Phillips GL, Bundy BN, Okagaki T (1994) Malignant melanoma of the vulva treated by radical hemivulvectomy. A prospective study of the Gynecologic Oncology Group. Cancer 73:2626\u20132632 (Level III)","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10230","volume":"94","author":"JA Hullu de","year":"2002","unstructured":"de Hullu JA, Hollema H, Hoekstra HJ et al (2002) Vulvar melanoma: is there a role for sentinel-lymph-node biopsy? Cancer 94:486\u2013491 (Level III)","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(08)70254-7","volume":"9","author":"B Piura","year":"2008","unstructured":"Piura B (2008) Management of primary melanoma of the female urogenital tract. Lancet Oncol 9:973\u2013981 (Level IV)","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR214","first-page":"190","volume":"74","author":"GC Reid","year":"1989","unstructured":"Reid GC, Schmidt RW, Roberts JA et al (1989) Primary melanoma of the vagina: a clinicopathologic analysis. Obstet Gynecol 74:190\u2013199 (Level III)","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1994.1283","volume":"55","author":"KM Nostrand Van","year":"1994","unstructured":"Van Nostrand KM, Lucci JA 3rd, Schell M et al (1994) Primary vaginal melanoma: improved survival with radical pelvic surgery. Gynecol Oncol 55:234\u2013237 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0000000000000013","volume":"24","author":"L Xia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xia L, Han D, Yang W et al (2014) Primary malignant melanoma of the vagina: a retrospective clinicopathologic study of 44 cases. Int J Gynecol Cancer 24:149\u2013155 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-198606000-00009","volume":"67","author":"LJ Copeland","year":"1986","unstructured":"Copeland LJ, Sneige N, Gershenson DM (1986) Bartholin gland carcinoma. Obstet Gynecol 67:794\u2013801 (Level III)","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2013.02.004","volume":"22","author":"L Ouldamer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ouldamer L, Chraibi Z, Arbion F et al (2013) Bartholin\u2019s gland carcinoma: epidemiology and therapeutic management. Surg Oncol 22:117\u2013122 (Level IV)","journal-title":"Surg Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.2001.6304","volume":"82","author":"RJ Cardosi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cardosi RJ, Speights A, Fiorica JV et al (2001) Bartholin\u2019s gland carcinoma: a 15-year experience. Gynecol Oncol 82:247\u2013251 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9098(199903)70:3<172::AID-JSO5>3.0.CO;2-I","volume":"70","author":"B Piura","year":"1999","unstructured":"Piura B, Rabinovich A, Dgani R (1999) Basal cell carcinoma of the vulva. J Surg Oncol 70:172\u2013176 (Level III)","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2010.01.073","volume":"80","author":"M Hata","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hata M, Omura M, Koike I et al (2011) Role of radiotherapy as curative treatment of extramammary Paget\u2019s disease. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 80:47\u201354 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"1193_CR222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rrt120","volume":"55","author":"K Karasawa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Karasawa K, Wakatsuki M, Kato S et al (2014) Working Group for Gynecological Tumors. Clinical trial of carbon ion radiotherapy for gynecological melanoma. J Radiat Res 55:343\u2013350 (Level III)","journal-title":"J Radiat Res"},{"key":"1193_CR223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5836","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.24627","volume":"115","author":"S Agrawal","year":"2009","unstructured":"Agrawal S, Kane JM 3rd, Guadagnolo BA et al (2009) The benefits of adjuvant radiation therapy after therapeutic lymphadenectomy for clinically advanced, high-risk, lymph node-metastatic melanoma. Cancer 115:5836\u20135844 (Level III)","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(12)70138-9","volume":"13","author":"BH Burmeister","year":"2012","unstructured":"Burmeister BH, Henderson MA, Ainslie J et al (2012) Adjuvant radiotherapy versus observation alone for patients at risk of lymph\u2014node field relapse after therapeutic lymphadenectomy for melanoma: a randomised trial. Lancet Oncol 13:589\u2013597 (Level II)","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2004.07.004","volume":"51","author":"A Hendi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hendi A, Brodland DG, Zitelli JA (2004) Extramammary Paget\u2019s disease: surgical treatment with Mohs micrographic surgery. J Am Acad Dermatol 51:767\u2013773","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"1193_CR226","first-page":"168","volume":"15","author":"Y Murata","year":"2005","unstructured":"Murata Y, Kumano K (2005) Extramammary Paget\u2019s disease of the genitalia with clinically clear margins can be adequately resected with 1\u00a0cm margin. Eur J Dermatol 15:168\u2013170 (Level III)","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"1193_CR227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1438.2006.00602.x","volume":"16","author":"H Niikura","year":"2006","unstructured":"Niikura H, Yoshida H, Ito K et al (2006) Paget\u2019s disease of the vulva: clinicopathologic study of type 1 cases treated at a single institution. Int J Gynecol Cancer 16:1212\u20131215 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2013.02.029","volume":"129","author":"Y Cai","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cai Y, Sheng W, Xiang L et al (2013) Primary extramammary Paget\u2019s disease of the vulva: the clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes in a series of 43 patients. Gynecol Oncol 129:412\u2013416 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR229","first-page":"547","volume":"104","author":"D Black","year":"2007","unstructured":"Black D, Tornos C, Soslow RA et al (2007) The outcomes of patients with positive margins after excision for intraepithelial Paget\u2019s disease of the vulva. Gyne276col. Oncol 104:547\u2013550 (Level III)","journal-title":"Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2013.12.008","volume":"70","author":"A Luyten","year":"2014","unstructured":"Luyten A, S\u00f6rgel P, Clad A et al (2014) Treatment of extramammary Paget disease of the vulva with imiquimod: a retrospective, multicenter study by the German Colposcopy Network. J Am Acad Dermatol 70:644\u2013650 (Level III)","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"1193_CR231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2013.04.008","volume":"130","author":"R Fontanelli","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fontanelli R, Papadia A, Martinelli F et al (2013) Photodynamic therapy with M-ALA as non-surgical treatment option in patients with primary extramammary Paget\u2019s disease. Gynecol Oncol 130:90\u201394 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(91)90059-E","volume":"43","author":"TL Ewing","year":"1991","unstructured":"Ewing TL (1991) Paget\u2019s disease of the vulva treated by combined surgery and laser. Gynecol Oncol 43:137\u2013140 (Level III)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/0360-3016(92)91024-H","volume":"24","author":"P Besa","year":"1992","unstructured":"Besa P, Rich TA, Delclos L (1992) Extramammary Paget\u2019s disease of the perineal skin: role of radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 24:73\u201378 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"1193_CR234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S117","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0000000000000198","volume":"24","author":"MM Leitao Jr","year":"2014","unstructured":"Leitao MM Jr, Cheng X, Hamilton AL et al (2014) Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup (GCIG) consensus review for vulvovaginal melanomas. Int J Gynecol Cancer 24:S117\u2013S122 (Level IV)","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2011.04.007","volume":"122","author":"KM Moxley","year":"2011","unstructured":"Moxley KM, Fader AN, Rose PG et al (2011) Malignant melanoma of the vulva: an extension of cutaneous melanoma? Gynecol Oncol 122:612\u2013617 (Level IV)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR236","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1998.5188","volume":"71","author":"WP Irvin Jr","year":"1998","unstructured":"Irvin WP Jr, Bliss SA, Rice LW et al (1998) Malignant Melanoma of the vagina and locoregional control: radical surgery revisited. Gynecol Oncol 71:476\u2013480 (Level IV)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(92)90300-8","volume":"45","author":"EL Trimble","year":"1992","unstructured":"Trimble EL, Lewis JL Jr, Williams LL et al (1992) Management of vulvar melanoma. Gynecol Oncol 45:254\u2013258 (Level IV)","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR238","first-page":"398","volume":"66","author":"BA Jaramillo","year":"1985","unstructured":"Jaramillo BA, Ganjei P, Averette HE et al (1985) Malignant melanoma of the vulva. Obstet Gynecol 66:398\u2013401 (Level IV)","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"1193_CR239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1438.2007.00885.x","volume":"17","author":"KK Dhar","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dhar KK, Das N, Brinkman DA et al (2007) Utility of sentinel node biopsy in vulvar and vaginal melanoma: report of two cases and review of the literature. Int J Gynecol Cancer 17:720\u2013723 (Level IV)","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"1193_CR240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1310460","volume":"370","author":"DL Morton","year":"2014","unstructured":"Morton DL, Thompson JF, Cochran AJ et al (2014) Final trial report of sentinel-node biopsy versus nodal observation in melanoma. N Engl J Med 370:599\u2013609 (Level II)","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1193_CR241","first-page":"73","volume":"12","author":"A Yamamoto","year":"1996","unstructured":"Yamamoto A, Ishihara K (1996) Clinical study of DAV\u00a0+\u00a0IFN-beta therapy (combination adjuvant therapy with intravenous DTIC ACNU and VCR, and local injection of IFN-beta) for malignant melanoma. Int J Immunother 12:73\u201378 (Level III)","journal-title":"Int J Immunother"},{"key":"1193_CR242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(12)70138-9","volume":"13","author":"BH Burmeister","year":"2012","unstructured":"Burmeister BH, Henderson MA, Ainslie J et al (2012) Adjuvant radiotherapy versus observation alone for patients at risk of lymph-node field relapse after therapeutic lymphadenectomy for melanoma: a randomised trial. Lancet Oncol 13:589\u2013597 (Level II)","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"1193_CR243","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2517","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1104621","volume":"364","author":"C Robert","year":"2011","unstructured":"Robert C, Thomas L, Bondarenko I et al (2011) Ipilimumab plus dacarbazine for previously untreated metastatic melanoma. N Engl J Med 364:2517\u20132526 (Level II)","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1193_CR244","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.53.0105","volume":"32","author":"SL Topalian","year":"2014","unstructured":"Topalian SL, Sznol M, McDermott DF et al (2014) Survival, durable tumor remission, and long-term safety in patients with advanced melanoma receiving nivolumab. J Clin Oncol 32:1020\u20131030 (Level III)","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Clinical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10147-017-1193-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10147-017-1193-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10147-017-1193-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,6]],"date-time":"2019-10-06T10:20:39Z","timestamp":1570357239000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10147-017-1193-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]]},"references-count":244,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1193"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10147-017-1193-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1341-9625","1437-7772"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1341-9625","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-7772","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,20]]}}}