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The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recognizes the current lack of research to support the management of CUP patients with brain metastases. The primary aim was to compare survival outcomes of CKP and CUP patients undergoing early resection of intracranial metastases to understand the efficacy of surgery for patients with CUP.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A retrospective study was performed, wherein patients were identified using a pathology database. Data was collected from patient notes and trust information services. Surgically managed patients during a 10-year period aged over 18\u00a0years, with a histological diagnosis of intracranial metastasis, were included.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>298 patients were identified, including 243 (82.0%) CKP patients and 55 (18.0%) CUP patients. Median survival for CKP patients was 9\u00a0months (95%CI 7.475\u201310.525); and 6\u00a0months for CUP patients (95%CI 4.263\u20137.737, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.113). Cox regression analyses suggest absence of other metastases (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.016), age (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005), and performance status (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) were positive prognostic factors for improved survival in cases of CUP. The eventual determination of the primary malignancy did not affect overall survival for CUP patients.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>There was no significant difference in overall survival between the two groups. Surgical management of patients with CUP brain metastases is an appropriate treatment option. Current diagnostic pathways specifying a thorough search for the primary tumor pre-operatively may not improve patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-020-01687-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]],"date-time":"2020-05-01T15:03:27Z","timestamp":1588345407000},"page":"1475-1482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Survival outcomes following craniotomy for intracranial metastases from an unknown primary"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1765-4097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa","family":"Gough","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Molly","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian C.","family":"Coulter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damian","family":"Holliman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"1687_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025621819250","volume":"64","author":"S Bartelt","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bartelt S, Lutterbach J (2003) Brain metastases in patients with cancer of unknown primary. 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