{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T01:24:43Z","timestamp":1785201883759,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645142400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Japan Neuroendocrine Tumor Society"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Clin Oncol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Neuroendocrine neoplasm (NEN) is a comparatively rare tumor that has been considered indolent. Due to these characteristics, detailed epidemiological data have not been analyzed in Japan. To elucidate the present\u00a0status of NEN diagnosis and treatment in Japan, we started a registry cohort study in January 2015.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Patients pathologically diagnosed with NENs of the pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, bronchi, or thymus after January 2012 were enrolled in this registry after the date of ethics review committee approval in each hospital or institute. Follow-up was continued for enrolled patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>During 5\u00a0years of enrollment between January 2015 and December 2019, a total of 1526 participants from 63 departments were enrolled in this registry (mean, 305.2 participants\/year), covering approximately 5.8% of the annual incidence of NENs in Japan. For pancreatic NEN, 41.9% of patients had metastasis and the dominant metastatic site was the liver, at twice the rate of lymph node metastasis in the current registry. In contrast, the frequency of lymph node metastasis from gastrointestinal (GI)-NEN was similar to that of the liver. The distribution of WHO 2019-based grades varied according to the primary site. Low-to-intermediate grade (G1\u2013G2) was dominant for duodenal, jejunal\/ileal, rectal, and pancreatic NENs, whereas high grade (G3 or NEC) was dominant for esophageal, stomach, and colon NENs. For PanNENs, G3 and NEC accounted only for 1.6% and 2.9%, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>These cohort data provide crucial information for clinical research to clarify the characteristics of NENs in Japan.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-022-02130-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T04:36:10Z","timestamp":1645158970000},"page":"840-849","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Nationwide registry for patients with neuroendocrine neoplasm of pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, bronchi, or thymus in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Toshihiko","family":"Masui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuhide","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Izumi","family":"Komoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinsuke","family":"Kojima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yosuke","family":"Kasai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minoru","family":"Tanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Hirano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuji","family":"Okusaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasushi","family":"Ichikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Kinugasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norihiro","family":"Kokudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Kudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Sakurai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenichi","family":"Sugihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Date","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Haruma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susumu","family":"Hijioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Hirata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroo","family":"Yamano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motohiro","family":"Sakamine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Kikuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masanori","family":"Fukushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Imamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinji","family":"Uemoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"18","key":"2130_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3063","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.15.4377","volume":"26","author":"JC Yao","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yao JC, Hassan M, Phan A et al (2008) One hundred years after \u201ccarcinoid\u201d: epidemiology of and prognostic factors for neuroendocrine tumors in 35,825 cases in the United States. J Clin Oncol 26(18):3063\u20133072","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2130_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(07)70410-2","volume":"9","author":"IM Modlin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Modlin IM, Oberg K, Chung DC et al (2008) Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours. Lancet Oncol 9(1):61\u201372","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2130_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-009-0194-8","volume":"45","author":"T Ito","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ito T, Sasano H, Tanaka M et al (2010) Epidemiological study of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in Japan. J Gastroenterol 45(2):234\u2013243","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2130_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-014-0934-2","volume":"50","author":"T Ito","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ito T, Igarashi H, Nakamura K et al (2015) Epidemiological trends of pancreatic and gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors in Japan: a nationwide survey analysis. J Gastroenterol 50(1):58\u201364","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2130_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-07581-y","volume":"20","author":"T Masui","year":"2020","unstructured":"Masui T, Ito T, Komoto I et al (2020) Recent epidemiology of patients with gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NEN) in Japan: a population-based study. BMC Cancer 20(1):1104","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"issue":"Suppl 7","key":"2130_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mds267","volume":"23","author":"K Oberg","year":"2012","unstructured":"Oberg K, Hellman P, Ferolla P et al (2012) Neuroendocrine bronchial and thymic tumors: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol 23(Suppl 7):120\u2013123","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2130_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1007\/s11748-013-0289-2","volume":"61","author":"J Amano","year":"2013","unstructured":"Amano J, Kuwano H, Yokomise H (2013) Thoracic and cardiovascular surgery in Japan during 2011: Annual report by The Japanese Association for Thoracic Surgery. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 61(10):578\u2013607","journal-title":"Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2130_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1097\/CAD.0b013e328330fd79","volume":"21","author":"H Saji","year":"2010","unstructured":"Saji H, Tsuboi M, Matsubayashi J et al (2010) Clinical response of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung to perioperative adjuvant chemotherapy. Anticancer Drugs 21(1):89\u201393","journal-title":"Anticancer Drugs"},{"issue":"6","key":"2130_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181dd4ec4","volume":"251","author":"P Gaur","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gaur P, Leary C, Yao JC (2010) Thymic neuroendocrine tumors: a SEER database analysis of 160 patients. Ann Surg 251(6):1117\u20131121","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2130_CR10","unstructured":"Masui T, Ito T, Komoto I et al (2019) Study protocol of the Japan NEN Registry: a multicenter, prospective registry of patients with pancreatic, gastrointestinal, pulmonary, bronchial, and thymic neuroendocrine neoplasm. J Clin Trials 9(6):1\u20137"},{"key":"2130_CR11","unstructured":"Bosman FT, Carneiro F, Hruban RH, Theise ND (2010) WHO classification of tumours of the digestive system, 4th edn, vol 3. IARC Press, Lyon, pp\u00a010\u201312"},{"key":"2130_CR12","unstructured":"Travis WD, Muller-Hermelink HK, Harris CC (eds) (2004) World Health Organization Classification of tumours, pathology and genetics of tumours of the lung, pleura, tymus and heart. IARC Press, Lyon, pp\u00a019\u201325"},{"issue":"4","key":"2130_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-006-0250-1","volume":"449","author":"G Rindi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rindi G, Kloppel G, Alhman H et al (2006) TNM staging of foregut (neuro)endocrine tumors: a consensus proposal including a grading system. Virch Arch Int J Pathol 449(4):395\u2013401","journal-title":"Virch Arch Int J Pathol"},{"key":"2130_CR14","volume-title":"AJCC cancer staging manual","author":"GP Frederick","year":"2002","unstructured":"Frederick GP, David L, Fleming ID et al (2002) AJCC cancer staging manual, 6th edn. Springer, New York","edition":"6"},{"issue":"2","key":"2130_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1111\/his.13975","volume":"76","author":"ID Nagtegaal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nagtegaal ID, Odze RD, Klimstra D et al (2020) The 2019 WHO classification of tumours of the digestive system. Histopathology 76(2):182\u2013188","journal-title":"Histopathology"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Clinical Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10147-022-02130-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10147-022-02130-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10147-022-02130-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]],"date-time":"2022-04-21T18:10:56Z","timestamp":1650564656000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10147-022-02130-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["2130"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10147-022-02130-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1341-9625","1437-7772"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1341-9625","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-7772","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 November 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 January 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 February 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"There is no conflict of interest to declare.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Kyoto University Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine (R1857) along with all necessary institutional and jurisdictional ethics committees.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"All participating cohort studies have valid ethical approvals from the relevant human research ethics committees and have obtained informed consent for participation, collection and use of data for health research from each individual participant.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Patient consent"}}]}}