{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:29:53Z","timestamp":1786980593375,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,14]],"date-time":"2020-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,14]],"date-time":"2020-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tech Coloproctol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-020-02294-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,14]],"date-time":"2020-07-14T10:13:41Z","timestamp":1594721621000},"page":"1109-1119","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The tip of the iceberg of colorectal perforation from enema: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"Cirocchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Randolph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0724-5230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Panata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. M.","family":"Verdelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Mascagni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Mingoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Zago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Chiarugi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Lancia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Fedeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Occhionorelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"2294_CR1","first-page":"43","volume":"3","author":"R Akhavan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Akhavan R, Chavoshi K, Bolvardi E, Foroughian M, Abbasi B (2019) Iatrogenic rectal perforation following self-administered water enema. Acta Sci Med Sci 3(7):43","journal-title":"Acta Sci Med Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"2294_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2004.04114.x","volume":"99","author":"PD Higgins","year":"2004","unstructured":"Higgins PD, Johanson JF (2004) Epidemiology of constipation in North America: a systematic review. Am J Gastroenterol 99(4):750\u2013759","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"2294_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2007.03540.x","volume":"26","author":"RS Choung","year":"2007","unstructured":"Choung RS, Locke GR 3rd, Schleck CD, Zinsmeister AR, Talley NJ (2007) Cumulative incidence of chronic constipation: a population-based study 1988\u20132003. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 26(11\u201312):1521\u20131528","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2294_CR4","first-page":"919","volume":"10","author":"M Vazquez Roque","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vazquez Roque M, Bouras EP (2015) Epidemiology and management of chronic constipation in elderly patients. Clin Interv Aging 10:919\u2013930","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"issue":"1","key":"2294_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1301760","volume":"25","author":"I Obokhare","year":"2012","unstructured":"Obokhare I (2012) Fecal impaction: a cause for concern? Clin Colon Rectal Surg 25(1):53\u201358","journal-title":"Clin Colon Rectal Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2294_CR6","first-page":"32","volume":"16","author":"S Robertson-Malt","year":"2008","unstructured":"Robertson-Malt S, Hodgkinson B, Joanna Briggs Institute (2008) Management of constipation in older adults. Aust Nurs J. 16(5):32\u201335","journal-title":"Aust Nurs J."},{"issue":"9","key":"2294_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-014-0404-2","volume":"16","author":"ZH Hussain","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hussain ZH, Whitehead DA, Lacy BE (2014) Fecal impaction. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 16(9):404","journal-title":"Curr Gastroenterol Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"2294_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1301754","volume":"25","author":"M Portalatin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Portalatin M, Winstead N (2012) Medical management of constipation. Clin Colon Rectal Surg 25(1):12\u201319","journal-title":"Clin Colon Rectal Surg"},{"key":"2294_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-015-0162-5","volume":"16","author":"B Serrano Falc\u00f3n","year":"2016","unstructured":"Serrano Falc\u00f3n B, Barcel\u00f3 L\u00f3pez M, Mateos Mu\u00f1oz B, \u00c1lvarez S\u00e1nchez A, Rey E (2016) Fecal impaction: a systematic review of its medical complications. BMC Geriatr 16:4","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"issue":"515","key":"2294_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.44.515.720","volume":"44","author":"JM Hinton","year":"1968","unstructured":"Hinton JM, Lennard-Jones JE (1968) Constipation: definition and classification. Postgrad Med J 44(515):720\u2013723","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"2294_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000097","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","volume":"6","author":"D Moher","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, PRISMA Group (2009) Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med 6:e1000097","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2294_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1445-2197.2003.02748.x","volume":"73","author":"K Slim","year":"2003","unstructured":"Slim K, Nini E, Forestier D, Kwiatkowski F, Panis Y, Chipponi J (2003) Methodological index for non-randomized studies (MINORS): development and validation of a new instrument. ANZ J Surg 73:712\u2013716","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"2294_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1348","volume":"10","author":"G Schwarzer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schwarzer G, Chemaitelly H, Abu-Raddad LJ, R\u00fccker G (2019) Seriously misleading results using inverse of Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation in meta-analysis of single proportions. Res Synth Methods 10(3):476\u2013483","journal-title":"Res Synth Methods"},{"key":"2294_CR14","volume-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions","year":"2019","unstructured":"Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA (eds) (2019) Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions, 2nd edn. Wiley, Chichester","edition":"2"},{"key":"2294_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.5455\/2320-1770.ijrcog20140922","volume":"3","author":"A Rani","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rani A, Gupta P (2014) A case of perforation of rectum due to self-administered enema in a pregnant woman. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 3:783\u2013784","journal-title":"Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2294_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E187","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481307900504","volume":"79","author":"D Venditti","year":"2013","unstructured":"Venditti D, Gravante G, Sena G, Orsaria P, Petrella G (2013) Iatrogenic rectal perforations from phosphate enemas: a retrospective series over 1 year of activity in a university hospital. Am Surg 79(5):E187\u2013E189","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2294_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2012.02.076","volume":"440","author":"PW Choi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Choi PW (2013) Colorectal perforation by self-induced hydrostatic pressure: a report of two cases. J Emerg Med 440(2):344\u2013348","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"24","key":"2294_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3177","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i24.3177","volume":"18","author":"H Mori","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mori H, Kobara H, Fujihara S, Nishiyama N, Kobayashi M, Masaki T, Izuishi K, Suzuki Y (2012) Rectal perforations and fistulae secondary to a glycerin enema: closure by over-the-scope-clip. World J Gastroenterol 18(24):3177\u20133180","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2294_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0594.2011.00792.x","volume":"12","author":"IH Kalkan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kalkan IH, Ozta\u015f E, Yildiz H, Beyazit Y, Suvak B, Boyabatli M (2012) Rectal perforation as a result of self-administration of retrograde enema in an elderly dementia patient. Geriatr Gerontol Int 12(3):564\u2013565","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"issue":"8","key":"2294_CR20","first-page":"e270","volume":"50","author":"WP Fu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fu WP, Quah HM, Eu KW (2009) Traumatic rectal perforation presenting as necrotising fasciitis of the lower limb. Singap Med J 50(8):e270\u2013e273","journal-title":"Singap Med J"},{"issue":"3","key":"2294_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1590\/S0101-98802006000300014","volume":"26","author":"V Leal","year":"2006","unstructured":"Leal V, Tavares C, Almeida K, Rego L, Soares M (2006) Perfura\u00e7\u00e3o Intestinal por Enema Aquoso\u2014Uma complica\u00e7\u00e3o Pouco Conhecida. Rev Bras Coloproct 26(3):325\u2013327","journal-title":"Rev Bras Coloproct"},{"issue":"5","key":"2294_CR22","first-page":"349","volume":"18","author":"P Coli","year":"2005","unstructured":"Coli P (2005) Subcutaneous emphysema of the thorax and rectal perforation. Chirurgia 18(5):349\u2013352","journal-title":"Chirurgia"},{"issue":"6","key":"2294_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1177\/147323000503300614","volume":"33","author":"H Nakamura","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nakamura H, Iyoda M, Sato K, Kitazawa K (2005) Retrograde hydrostatic irrigation enema-induced perforation of the sigmoid colon in a chronic renal failure patient before colonoscopy. J Int Med Res 33(6):707\u2013710","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"2294_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2144","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2004.52579_4.x","volume":"52","author":"RK Bobba","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bobba RK, Arsura EL (2004) Septic shock in an elderly patient on dialysis: enema-induced rectal injury confusing the clinical picture. J Am Geriatr Soc 52(12):2144","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"2294_CR25","first-page":"297","volume":"9","author":"T Topcu","year":"2003","unstructured":"Topcu T (2003) Colorectal perforation due to self administered retrograde enema. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg 9(4):297\u2013299","journal-title":"Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2294_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-001-0104-x","volume":"27","author":"G Gayer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gayer G, Zissin R, Apter S, Oscadchy A, Hertz M (2002) Perforations of the rectosigmoid colon induced by cleansing enema: CT findings in 14 patients. Abdom Imaging 27(4):453\u2013457","journal-title":"Abdom Imaging"},{"issue":"12","key":"2294_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02236216","volume":"42","author":"H Paran","year":"1999","unstructured":"Paran H, Butnaru G, Neufeld D, Magen A, Freund U (1999) Enema-induced perforation of the rectum in chronically constipated patients. Dis Colon Rectum 42(12):1609\u20131612","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"3","key":"2294_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1159\/000018627","volume":"15","author":"O Madhala","year":"1998","unstructured":"Madhala O, Greif F, Cohen M, Lelcuk S (1998) Major rectal perforations caused by enema: is surgery mandatory? Dig Surg 15(3):270\u2013272","journal-title":"Dig Surg"},{"key":"2294_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-015-0366-3","volume":"15","author":"R De Giorgio","year":"2015","unstructured":"De Giorgio R, Ruggeri E, Stanghellini V, Eusebi LH, Bazzoli F, Chiarioni G (2015) Chronic constipation in the elderly: a primer for the gastroenterologist. BMC Gastroenterol 15:130","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2294_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S44417","volume":"6","author":"G Niv","year":"2013","unstructured":"Niv G, Grinberg T, Dickman R, Wasserberg N, Niv Y (2013) Perforation and mortality after cleansing enema for acute constipation are not rare but are preventable. Int J Gen Med 6:323\u2013328","journal-title":"Int J Gen Med"},{"issue":"14","key":"2294_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.7748\/ns.30.14.34.s43","volume":"30","author":"I Peate","year":"2015","unstructured":"Peate I (2015) How to administer an enema. Nurs Stand 30(14):34\u201336","journal-title":"Nurs Stand"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2294_CR32","first-page":"E190","volume":"46","author":"K Kume","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kume K, Watanabe T, Oshima J, Yoshikawa I, Harada M (2014) Rectal perforation caused by mesalazine enema in a patient with ulcerative colitis. Endoscopy. 46(Suppl 1):E190","journal-title":"Endoscopy."},{"issue":"2","key":"2294_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2008.08.023","volume":"69","author":"IJ Tanswell","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tanswell IJ, Irfan K, Kossakowski T, Townson G (2009) Rectal perforation in ulcerative colitis: complication of an enema tip. Gastrointest Endosc 69(2):344","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"6","key":"2294_CR34","first-page":"657","volume":"28","author":"M Bennouna","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bennouna M, Anaya S, S\u00e1nchez-de-la-Nieta MD, Rivera F (2008) Enema in a patient with renal failure: a cause of severe hyperphosphatemia. Nefrologia 28(6):657\u2013659","journal-title":"Nefrologia"},{"issue":"1","key":"2294_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"rjx001","DOI":"10.1093\/jscr\/rjx001","volume":"2017","author":"RM Rentea","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rentea RM, Fehring CH (2017) Rectal colonic mural hematoma following enema for constipation while on therapeutic anticoagulation. J Surg Case Rep. 2017(1):rjx001","journal-title":"J Surg Case Rep."},{"issue":"14","key":"2294_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i14.1555","volume":"18","author":"A Bove","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bove A, Bellini M, Battaglia E, Bocchini R, Gambaccini D, Bove V, Pucciani F, Altomare DF, Dodi G, Sciaudone G et al (2012) Consensus statement AIGO\/SICCR: diagnosis and treatment of chronic constipation and obstructed defecation (part I: diagnosis). World J Gastroenterol. 18(14):1555\u20131564","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"36","key":"2294_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4994","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i36.4994","volume":"18","author":"A Bove","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bove A, Pucciani F, Bellini M, Battaglia E, Bocchini R, Altomare DF, Dodi G, Sciaudone G, Falletto E, Piloni V et al (2012) Consensus statement AIGO\/SICCR diagnosis and treatment of chronic constipation and obstructed defecation (part II: treatment). World J Gastroenterol 18(36):4994\u20135013","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2294_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.12968\/bjon.2006.15.7.20900","volume":"15","author":"B Bowers","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bowers B (2006) Evaluating the evidence for administering phosphate enemas. Br J Nurs 15(7):378\u2013381","journal-title":"Br J Nurs"},{"issue":"3","key":"2294_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.4166\/kjg.2016.67.3.158","volume":"67","author":"JM Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee JM, Jung KW (2016) Self-administered enema related rectal perforation. Korean J Gastroenterol 67(3):158\u2013160","journal-title":"Korean J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2294_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-014-2067-8","volume":"30","author":"RM Gomes","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gomes RM, Perumal S, Kumar S, Senthilnathan P, Parthasarathi R, Rajapandian S, Palanivelu C, Raj PP (2015) Anorectal injury following faulty administration of enemas. Int J Colorectal Dis. 30(6):859\u2013860","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"2294_CR41","first-page":"437","volume":"99","author":"I Turkcuer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Turkcuer I, Serinken M, Karcioglu O, Aydin C, Kiroglu Y (2009) Perforation of the colon by high-pressure water inserted via the anal canal. S Afr Med J 99(6):437","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"issue":"18","key":"2294_CR42","first-page":"32","volume":"100","author":"C Davies","year":"2004","unstructured":"Davies C (2004) The use of phosphate enemas in the treatment of constipation. Nurs Times 100(18):32\u201335","journal-title":"Nurs Times"},{"key":"2294_CR43","unstructured":"Armstrong M, Moore RA. Anatomy, Patient Positioning. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2020 Jan. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK513320\/. Updated 16 Feb 2019"},{"issue":"7","key":"2294_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000092","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000092","volume":"6","author":"S Di Saverio","year":"2009","unstructured":"Di Saverio S, Tugnoli G, Orlandi PE, Casali M, Catena F, Biscardi A, Pillay O, Baldoni F et al (2009) A 73-year-old man with long-term immobility presenting with abdominal pain. PLoS Med 6(7):e1000092","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2294_CR45","first-page":"783","volume":"3","author":"R Anjali","year":"2014","unstructured":"Anjali R, Puneet G (2014) A case of perforation of rectum due to self-administered enema in a pregnant woman. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 3(3):783\u2013784","journal-title":"Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2294_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2565","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.2563","volume":"7","author":"JOM Duarte","year":"2019","unstructured":"Duarte JOM, Pereira PMLP, Sobral ASG, de Oliveira JPR, Rita HJB, de Sousa E Costa JA (2019) Rectal perforation after barium enema: a case report. Clin Case Rep 7(12):2565\u20132567","journal-title":"Clin Case Rep"},{"key":"2294_CR47","unstructured":"Wilkinson J. Understanding a bowel perforation symptoms, causes, and treatments for a hole in the colon. DIGESTIVE HEALTH Medically reviewed by Priyanka Chugh, MD on January 10, 2020. https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/whats-a-bowel-perforation-797590. Accessed 3 Mar 2020"},{"key":"2294_CR48","first-page":"391","volume-title":"Current therapy of trauma and surgical critical care","author":"DJ Ciesla","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ciesla DJ (2016) Colon and rectal injuries. In: Asensio JA (ed) Current therapy of trauma and surgical critical care. Elsevier, New York, pp 391\u2013394"},{"issue":"1","key":"2294_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0227652","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0227652","volume":"15","author":"G Husab\u00f8","year":"2020","unstructured":"Husab\u00f8 G, Nilsen RM, Flaatten H, Sollig\u00e5rd E, Frich JC, Bondevik GT, Braut GS, Walshe K, Harthug S, Hovlid E (2020) Early diagnosis of sepsis in emergency departments, time to treatment, and association with mortality: an observational study. PLoS ONE 15(1):e0227652","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2294_CR50","first-page":"334","volume-title":"Current therapy in colon and rectal surgery","author":"SR Steele","year":"2017","unstructured":"Steele SR, Johonson EK (2017) Colon and rectal trauma. In: Fazio V, Church J, Delaney C, Kiran R (eds) Current therapy in colon and rectal surgery. Elsevier, New York, pp 334\u2013340"},{"issue":"45","key":"2294_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13176","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000013176","volume":"97","author":"P Ruscelli","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ruscelli P, Renzi C, Polistena A, Sanguinetti A, Avenia N, Popivanov G, Cirocchi R, Lancia M, Gioia S, Tabola R (2018) Clinical signs of retroperitoneal abscess from colonic perforation: two case reports and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 97(45):e13176","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2294_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.180.3.1800733","volume":"180","author":"LY Kernagis","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kernagis LY, Levine MS, Jacobs JE (2003) Pneumatosis intestinalis in patients with ischemia: correlation of CT findings with viability of the bowel. AJR Am J Roentgenol 180(3):733\u2013736","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"}],"container-title":["Techniques in Coloproctology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10151-020-02294-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10151-020-02294-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10151-020-02294-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,17]],"date-time":"2022-04-17T15:07:19Z","timestamp":1650208039000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10151-020-02294-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,14]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["2294"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10151-020-02294-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1123-6337","1128-045X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1123-6337","type":"print"},{"value":"1128-045X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 March 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 July 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 July 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"There are no conflicts of interest to declare.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"All authors consent to publication.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}