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A life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted, mean CO\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      emission rates were calculated, the major contributors (\u201chotspots\u201d) were determined, and midpoint\/endpoint analysis was performed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean total carbon footprints of laparoscopic ICR, STC, and LIFT were, respectively, 104\u00a0kg, 116\u00a0kg, and 43.6\u00a0kg CO\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      eq, equaling one-way trips by airplane from Amsterdam to Paris, to Manchester, and to D\u00fcsseldorf, respectively. The main contributors in laparoscopic ICR and STC were transport of employees and patients (48% and 49%, respectively), energy use in the theater (21% and 27%, respectively), and the use of surgical equipment (14% and 17%, respectively). In LIFT procedures, transport of employees\/patients accounted for 47% of total emission rates, followed by the use of surgical equipment (28%), and electricity use in the theater (13%). Besides the impact on global warming, significant impact on fine particulate matter formation, land use, terrestrial acidification, and fossil resource scarcity was identified. Endpoint analysis showed an amount of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of approximately 2 h of health damage per laparoscopic ICR\/STC and 47\u00a0min per LIFT.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The carbon footprint of three commonly performed IBD surgeries is mainly determined by transportation of patients\/healthcare personnel, followed by electricity and material use. The latter two vary with the complexity of the surgeries. IBD surgeons should focus on minimizing energy resources and using standard surgical materials. Also, employees should be encouraged to travel by foot\/bicycle\/public transport\/carpooling\/electric car.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-025-03123-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T05:02:45Z","timestamp":1748581365000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Carbon footprint of common procedures in inflammatory bowel disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Munster","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"van der Zwet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"de Groof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Mundt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"van Ruler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"D\u2019Haens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Bemelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Buskens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Duijvestein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Stobernack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"van der Bilt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"3123_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32290-X","author":"N Watts","year":"2021","unstructured":"Watts N, Amann M, Arnell N, Ayeb-Karlsson S, Beagley J, Belesova K, Boykoff M, Byass P, Cai W, Campbell-Lendrum D, Capstick S, Chambers J, Coleman S, Dalin C, Daly M, Dasandi N, Dasgupta S, Davies M, Di Napoli C, Dominguez-Salas P, Drummond P, Dubrow R, Ebi KL, Eckelman M, Ekins P, Escobar LE, Georgeson L, Golder S, Grace D, Graham H, Haggar P, Hamilton I, Hartinger S, Hess J, Hsu SC, Hughes N, Jankin Mikhaylov S, Jimenez MP, Kelman I, Kennard H, Kiesewetter G, Kinney PL, Kjellstrom T, Kniveton D, Lampard P, Lemke B, Liu Y, Liu Z, Lott M, Lowe R, Martinez-Urtaza J, Maslin M, McAllister L, McGushin A, McMichael C, Milner J, Moradi-Lakeh M, Morrissey K, Munzert S, Murray KA, Neville T, Nilsson M, Sewe MO, Oreszczyn T, Otto M, Owfi F, Pearman O, Pencheon D, Quinn R, Rabbaniha M, Robinson E, Rockl\u00f6v J, Romanello M, Semenza JC, Sherman J, Shi L, Springmann M, Tabatabaei M, Taylor J, Tri\u00f1anes J, Shumake-Guillemot J, Vu B, Wilkinson P, Winning M, Gong P, Montgomery H, Costello A (2021) The 2020 report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: responding to converging crises. 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Prof. Willem Bemelman has received research funding from VIFOR, has a 4.9% share in Semiflex, received speakers fee from Galapagos, and is a consultant for Braun and Olympus. Dr. Christianne Buskens received an unrestricted grant from Boehringer Ingelheim and Roche. She has received consultancy\/speakers fees from Tillotts, MSD, Takeda, Janssen, Galapagos. Dr. Marjolijn Duijvestein received Speaking fee from Bristol Meyers Squibb, Takeda, and Galapagos and served on an advisory board for Abbvie, Bristol Meyers Squibb, Celltrion, Galapagos, Janssen, Takeda. Received Grant\/Research support from Pfizer, Bristol Meyers Squibb, Galapagos and Janssen. Dr. Oddeke van Ruler has served as an invited speaker for Janssen-Cilag and has received a research grant from Takeda and Janssen, outside the submitted work. Dr. Tim Stobernack has received research funding from ZonMw (file number 80-86800-98-112). Drs. Liesbeth Munster, MSc; Bas van der Zwet; Joline de Groof; Marco Mundt; and Jarmila van der Bilt have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"127"}}