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The requirement of ethical approval by an institutional review board and informed consent from individual patients for this survey were waived.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"Employment: Takahisa Matsuda and Akihiko Shimono (Alexion Pharma GK), Advisory role: Yoshitaka Miyakawa (Ablynx, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., FUJIFILM Pharma Co., Ltd, Novartis Pharmaceuticals and Zenyaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.), Stock ownership: Yoshitaka Miyakawa (Preventive Medicine), Patent royalties: Yoshihiro Fujimura (Alfresa Pharma Corporation), Honoraria: Yoshihiko Hidaka, Norimitsu Inoue, Shuichi Ito, Shinya Kaname, Hideki Kato and Masaomi Nangaku (Alexion Pharma GK), Masanori Matsumoto (Alexion Pharma GK and Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation), Hirokazu Okada (Alexion Pharma GK and Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co. Ltd.), Yoshitaka Miyakawa (Alexion Pharma GK, Bayer Yakuhin, Ltd., Baxalta Japan Limited, Bioverativ, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Company Limited, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co. Ltd., Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Teijin Pharma Limited and Zenyaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.), Shoichi Maruyama (Alexion Pharma GK, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Company Limited, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co. Ltd., Mochida Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd., and Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd.), Research funding: Shoichi Maruyama (Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd.) and Masanori Matsumoto (Bayer Yakuhin, Ltd., Baxalta Japan Limited and Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), Subsidies: Masaomi Nangaku (Alexion Pharma GK), Shuichi Ito (Astellas Pharma Inc., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and Pfizer Japan Inc.), Shoichi Maruyama (Alexion Pharma GK, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, Astellas Pharma Inc., Baxter, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Company Limited, Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co. Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., MSD K.K., Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Pfizer Japan Inc., ROHTO Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd., Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Teijin Pharma Limited and Torii Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd) and Hirokazu Okada (Astellas Pharma Inc., Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Company Limited., Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co. Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, MSD K.K., Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Pfizer Japan Inc., Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited and Torii Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.), Endowed departments by commercial entities: Masashi Mizuno (Baxter Japan).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}