{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T21:57:54Z","timestamp":1789423074712,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,30]],"date-time":"2018-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543536000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004853","name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["research accounts 6901031 and 7101215"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["research accounts 6901031 and 7101215"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004853","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Nephrol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-018-1677-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,30]],"date-time":"2018-11-30T00:04:13Z","timestamp":1543536253000},"page":"551-560","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Peritoneal protein clearance predicts mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Wanhong","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wing-Fai","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huixian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai Ming","family":"Chow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bonnie Ching-Ha","family":"Kwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi Bon","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip Kam-Tao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8898-8505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheuk Chun","family":"Szeto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"1677_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2009.06.009","volume":"29","author":"S Klarenbach","year":"2009","unstructured":"Klarenbach S, Manns B. Economic evaluation of dialysis therapies. Semin Nephrol. 2009;29:524\u201332.","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"1677_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2591","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006030194","volume":"17","author":"KS Brimble","year":"2006","unstructured":"Brimble KS, Walker M, Margetts PJ, Kundhal KK, Rabbat CG. Meta-analysis: peritoneal membrane transport, mortality, and technique failure in peritoneal dialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;17:2591\u20138.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"1677_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V971285","volume":"9","author":"DN Churchill","year":"1998","unstructured":"Churchill DN, Thorpe KE, Nolph KD, Keshaviah PR, Oreopoulos DG, Pag\u00e9 D. Increased peritoneal membrane transport is associated with decreased patient and technique survival for continuous peritoneal dialysis patients. The Canada-USA (CANUSA) Peritoneal Dialysis Study Group. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1998;9:1285\u201392.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"1677_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2013.00217","volume":"35","author":"G Rajakaruna","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rajakaruna G, Caplin B, Davenport A. Peritoneal protein clearance rather than faster transport status determines outcomes in peritoneal dialysis patients. Perit Dial Int. 2015;35:216\u201321.","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"key":"1677_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.01910309","volume":"4","author":"J Perl","year":"2009","unstructured":"Perl J, Huckvale K, Chellar M, John B, Davies SJ. Peritoneal protein clearance and not peritoneal membrane transport status predicts survival in a contemporary cohort of peritoneal dialysis patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;4:1201\u20136.","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"1677_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2008.10.006","volume":"29","author":"R Dukkipati","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dukkipati R, Kopple JD. Causes and prevention of protein-energy wasting in chronic kidney failure. Semin Nephrol. 2009;29:39\u201349.","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"1677_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfn595","volume":"24","author":"R S\u00e1nchez-Villanueva","year":"2009","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-Villanueva R, Bajo A, Del Peso G, Fernandez-Reyes MJ, Gonz\u00e1lez E, Romero S, Estrada P, Selgas R. Higher daily peritoneal protein clearance when initiating peritoneal dialysis is independently associated with peripheral arterial disease (PAD): a possible new marker of systemic endothelial dysfunction? Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2009;24:1009\u201314.","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"1677_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1177\/089686080502500508","volume":"25","author":"CC Szeto","year":"2005","unstructured":"Szeto CC, Chow KM, Lam CW, Cheung R, Kwan BC, Chung KY, Leung CB, Li PK. Peritoneal albumin excretion is a strong predictor of cardiovascular events in peritoneal dialysis patients: a prospective cohort study. Perit Dial Int. 2005;25:445\u201352.","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"key":"1677_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2011.03.018","volume":"58","author":"R Mehrotra","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mehrotra R, Duong U, Jiwakanon S, Kovesdy CP, Moran J, Kopple JD, Kalantar-Zadeh K. Serum albumin as a predictor of mortality in peritoneal dialysis: comparisons with hemodialysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2011;58:418\u201328.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"1677_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.05540610","volume":"6","author":"O Balafa","year":"2011","unstructured":"Balafa O, Halbesma N, Struijk DG, Dekker FW, Krediet RT. Peritoneal albumin and protein losses do not predict outcome in peritoneal dialysis patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011;6:561\u20136.","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"1677_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-017-1418-5","volume":"22","author":"TK Ma","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ma TK, Chow KM, Kwan BC, Ng JK, Pang WF, Leung CB, Li PK, Szeto CC. The choice of comorbidity scoring system in Chinese peritoneal dialysis patients. Clin Exp Nephrol 2018;22:159\u201366.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Nephrol"},{"key":"1677_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfl559","volume":"22","author":"CC Szeto","year":"2007","unstructured":"Szeto CC, Chow KM, Lam CW, Leung CB, Kwan BC, Chung KY, Law MC, Li PK. Clinical biocompatibility of a neutral peritoneal dialysis solution with minimal glucose-degradation-products\u2014a one-year randomized control trial. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007;22:552\u20139.","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"1677_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1159\/000169445","volume":"4","author":"RT Krediet","year":"1986","unstructured":"Krediet RT, Boeschoten EW, Zuyderhoudt FM, Strackee J, Arisz L. Simple assessment of the efficacy of peritoneal transport in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients. Blood Purif. 1986;4:194\u2013203.","journal-title":"Blood Purif"},{"key":"1677_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1995.169","volume":"47","author":"B Haraldsson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Haraldsson B. Assessing the peritoneal dialysis capacities of individual patients. Kidney Int. 1995;47:1187\u201398.","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"1677_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2119","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000080316.37254.7A","volume":"14","author":"CC Szeto","year":"2003","unstructured":"Szeto CC, Wong TY, Chow KM, Leung CB, Li PK. Oral sodium bicarbonate for the treatment of metabolic acidosis in peritoneal dialysis patients\u2014a randomized placebo-control trial. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2003;14:2119\u201326.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"1677_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/8.10.1094","volume":"8","author":"G Enia","year":"1993","unstructured":"Enia G, Sicus C, Alati G, Zoccali C. Subjective global assessment of nutrition in dialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1993;8:1094\u20138.","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"1677_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2001.29222","volume":"38","author":"K Kalantar-Zadeh","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kalantar-Zadeh K, Kopple JD, Block G, Humphreys MH. A malnutrition-inflammation score is correlated with morbidity and mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2001;38:1251\u201363.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"1677_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1177\/089686089801800502","volume":"18","author":"J Bergstrom","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bergstrom J, Heimburger O, Lindholm B. Calculation of the protein equivalent of total nitrogen appearance from urea appearance. Which formulas should be used? Perit Dial Int. 1998;18:467\u201373.","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"key":"1677_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1159\/000335580","volume":"35","author":"CC Szeto","year":"2012","unstructured":"Szeto CC, Kwan BC, Chow KM, Leung CB, Law MC, Li PK. Prognostic value of arterial pulse wave velocity in peritoneal dialysis patients. Am J Nephrol. 2012;35:127\u201333.","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"1677_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfn049","volume":"23","author":"B Rippe","year":"2008","unstructured":"Rippe B. Free water transport, small pore transport and the osmotic pressure gradient three-pore model of peritoneal transport. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23:2147\u201353.","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"1677_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2215","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-014-0744-8","volume":"46","author":"Y Tang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tang Y, Zhong H, Diao Y, Qin M, Zhou X. Peritoneal transport rate, systemic inflammation, and residual renal function determine peritoneal protein clearance in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients. Int Urol Nephrol. 2014;46:2215\u20139.","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"1677_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"c156","DOI":"10.1159\/000110051","volume":"107","author":"S Sezer","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sezer S, Elsurer R, Afsar B, Arat Z, Ozdemir NF, Haberal M. Peritoneal small solute transport rate is related to the malnutrition inflammation score in peritoneal dialysis patients. Nephron Clin Pract. 2007;107:c156\u2013162.","journal-title":"Nephron Clin Pract"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"1677_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(98)70174-X","volume":"32","author":"JY Yeun","year":"1998","unstructured":"Yeun JY, Kaysen GA. Factors influencing serum albumin in dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 1998;32(Suppl 4):118\u201325.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"1677_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1159\/000320150","volume":"30","author":"J Dong","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dong J, Xu Y, Li Y, Yang Z. Does association with volume status and inflammation account for the increased death risk from high peritoneal protein clearance in peritoneal dialysis? Blood Purif. 2010;30:127\u201334.","journal-title":"Blood Purif"},{"key":"1677_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2194","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfi008","volume":"20","author":"JG Heaf","year":"2005","unstructured":"Heaf JG, Sarac S, Afzal S. A high peritoneal large pore fluid flux causes hypoalbuminaemia and is a risk factor for death in peritoneal dialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2005;20:2194\u2013201.","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"1677_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2002.32010","volume":"39","author":"CH Jones","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jones CH, Wells L, Stoves J, Farquhar F, Woodrow G. Can a reduction in extracellular fluid volume result in increased serum albumin in peritoneal dialysis patients? Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;39:872\u20135.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"1677_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.63.s84.20.x","volume":"84","author":"GA Kaysen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kaysen GA, Don BR. Factors that affect albumin concentration in dialysis patients and their relationship to vascular disease. Kidney Int Suppl. 2003;84:94\u20137.","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"1677_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2005.01.037","volume":"45","author":"LT Cheng","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cheng LT, Tang W, Wang T. Strong association between volume status and nutritional status in peritoneal dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2005;45:891\u2013902.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"1677_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1177\/089686080602600510","volume":"26","author":"M Avila-D\u00edaz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Avila-D\u00edaz M, Ventura MD, Valle D, Vicent\u00e9-Mart\u00ednez M, Garc\u00eda-Gonz\u00e1lez Z, Cisneros A, Furlong MD, G\u00f3mez AM, Prado-Uribe MD, Amato D, Paniagua R. Inflammation and extracellular volume expansion are related to sodium and water removal in patients on peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Int. 2006;26:574\u201380.","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10157-018-1677-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10157-018-1677-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10157-018-1677-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T07:28:28Z","timestamp":1775287708000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10157-018-1677-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,30]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1677"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10157-018-1677-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1342-1751","1437-7799"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1342-1751","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-7799","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 May 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 November 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 November 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"This study was supported by the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) research accounts 6901031 and 7101215. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The authors declare no other conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee at which the studies were conducted and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (IRB approval number CRE-2015.250).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}