{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T08:23:56Z","timestamp":1787732636579,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]],"date-time":"2021-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614643200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]],"date-time":"2021-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Nephrol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-021-02036-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]],"date-time":"2021-03-02T13:03:29Z","timestamp":1614690209000},"page":"718-726","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Prevalence and determinants of chronic kidney disease in urban adults\u2019 populations of northern Cameroon"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4554-8219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francois Folefack","family":"Kaze","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahamat","family":"Maimouna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Augustin Fanday","family":"Beybey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric Walter","family":"Pefura-Yone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adamou Dodo","family":"Balkissou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie Patrice","family":"Halle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathurin Pierre","family":"Kowo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gloria","family":"Ashuntantang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andre-Pascal","family":"Kengne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2036_CR1","unstructured":"World Kidney Day. World kidney day: FAQS. http:\/\/www.worldkidneyday.org\/faqs (accessed date: 15th August 2019)."},{"issue":"7","key":"2036_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0158765","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158765","volume":"11","author":"NR Hill","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hill NR, Fatoba ST, Oke JL, Hirst JA, O\u2019Callaghan CA, Lasserson DS, Hobbs FD. Global prevalence of chronic kidney disease - a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(7):e0158765.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"2036_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-018-0930-5","volume":"19","author":"AD Kaze","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kaze AD, Ilori T, Jaar BG, Echouffo-Tcheugui JB. Burden of chronic kidney disease on the African continent: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Nephrol. 2018;19(1):125.","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2036_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.12781","volume":"18","author":"FF Kaze","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kaze FF, Kengne AP, Magatsing CT, Halle MP, Yiagnigni E, Ngu KB. Prevalence and determinants of chronic kidney disease among hypertensive cameroonians according to three common estimators of the glomerular filtration rate. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2016;18(5):408\u201314.","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)"},{"issue":"6","key":"2036_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.21037\/cdt.2017.08.09","volume":"7","author":"B Hamadou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hamadou B, Boombhi J, Kamdem F, Fitame A, Amougou SN, Mfeukeu LK, Nganou CN, Menanga A, Ashuntantang G. Prevalence and correlates of chronic kidney disease in a group of patients with hypertension in the Savanah zone of Cameroon: a cross-sectional study in Sub-Saharan Africa. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2017;7(6):581\u20138.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diagn Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"2036_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-2442.121280","volume":"24","author":"F FolefackKaze","year":"2013","unstructured":"FolefackKaze F, Kengne AP, Pefura Yone EW, NdamFemben NS, Ashuntantang G. Renal function, urinalysis abnormalities and correlates among HIV-infected Cameroonians naive to antiretroviral therapy. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2013;24(6):1291\u20137.","journal-title":"Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl"},{"issue":"1","key":"2036_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfs100","volume":"6","author":"FF Kaze","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kaze FF, Kengne AP, Atanga LC, Monny Lobe M, Menanga AP, Halle MP, Chetcha Chemegni B, Ngo Sack F, Kingue S, Ashuntantang G. Kidney function, urinalysis abnormalities and correlates in equatorial Africans with sickle cell disease. Clinical Kidney J. 2012;6(1):15\u201320.","journal-title":"Clinical Kidney J"},{"key":"2036_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-10-18","volume":"10","author":"EK Sumaili","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sumaili EK, Cohen EP, Zinga CV, Krzesinski JM, Pakasa NM, Nseka NM. High prevalence of undiagnosed chronic kidney disease among at-risk population in Kinshasa, the Democratic Republic of Congo. BMC Nephrol. 2009;10:18.","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2036_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e72860","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0072860","volume":"8","author":"S Anand","year":"2013","unstructured":"Anand S, Bitton A, Gaziano T. The gap between estimated incidence of end-stage renal disease and use of therapy. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(8):e72860.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"2036_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e408","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(17)30057-8","volume":"5","author":"G Ashuntantang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ashuntantang G, Osafo C, Olowu WA, Arogundade F, Niang A, Porter J, Naicker S, Luyckx VA. Outcomes in adults and children with end-stage kidney disease requiring dialysis in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. Lancet Glob Health. 2017;5(4):e408\u201317.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"2036_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-015-0102-9","volume":"16","author":"FF Kaze","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kaze FF, Halle MP, Mopa HT, Ashuntantang G, Fouda H, Ngogang J, Kengne AP. Prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease in urban adult Cameroonians according to three common estimators of the glomerular filtration rate: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol. 2015;16:96.","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"2036_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-015-0111-8","volume":"16","author":"FF Kaze","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kaze FF, Meto DT, Halle MP, Ngogang J, Kengne AP. Prevalence and determinants of chronic kidney disease in rural and urban Cameroonians: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol. 2015;16:117.","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2036_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfn469","volume":"24","author":"EK Sumaili","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sumaili EK, Krzesinski JM, Zinga CV, Cohen EP, Delanaye P, Munyanga SM, Nseka NM. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Kinshasa: results of a pilot study from the Democratic Republic of Congo. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2009;24(1):117\u201322.","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2036_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chalmers J, MacMahon S, Mancia G, Whitworth J, Beilin L, Hansson L, Neal B, Rodgers A, Ni Mhurchu C, Clark T: 1999 World Health Organization-International Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the management of hypertension. Guidelines sub-committee of the World Health Organization. Clin Exp Hypertens 1999, 21(5\u20136):1009\u20131060.","DOI":"10.3109\/10641969909061028"},{"issue":"4","key":"2036_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/20.4.470","volume":"20","author":"CC Allain","year":"1974","unstructured":"Allain CC, Poon LS, Chan CS, Richmond W, Fu PC. Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol. Clin Chem. 1974;20(4):470\u20135.","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"10","key":"2036_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2077","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/28.10.2077","volume":"28","author":"P Fossati","year":"1982","unstructured":"Fossati P, Prencipe L. Serum triglycerides determined colorimetrically with an enzyme that produces hydrogen peroxide. Clin Chem. 1982;28(10):2077\u201380.","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"6","key":"2036_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/18.6.499","volume":"18","author":"WT Friedewald","year":"1972","unstructured":"Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem. 1972;18(6):499\u2013502.","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"9","key":"2036_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006","volume":"150","author":"AS Levey","year":"2009","unstructured":"Levey AS, Stevens LA, Schmid CH, Zhang YL, Castro AF 3rd, Feldman HI, Kusek JW, Eggers P, Van Lente F, Greene T, et al. A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150(9):604\u201312.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"2036_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2008.698","volume":"75","author":"AD Rule","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rule AD, Bailey KR, Schwartz GL, Khosla S, Lieske JC, Melton LJ 3rd. For estimating creatinine clearance measuring muscle mass gives better results than those based on demographics. Kidney Int. 2009;75(10):1071\u20138.","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2036_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K\/DIGO Guidelines. Definition and classification. Kidney Int Suppl 2013, 3(1):19\u201362.","DOI":"10.1038\/kisup.2012.64"},{"key":"2036_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report. Circulation 2002, 106(25):3143\u20133421.","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.106.25.3143"},{"issue":"7","key":"2036_CR22","first-page":"556","volume":"82","author":"SJ Marshall","year":"2004","unstructured":"Marshall SJ. Developing countries face double burden of disease. Bull World Health Organ. 2004;82(7):556.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"2036_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ataklte F, Erqou S, Kaptoge S, Taye B, Echouffo-Tcheugui JB, Kengne AP: Burden of Undiagnosed Hypertension in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Hypertension 2014.","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.04394"},{"key":"2036_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-696","volume":"14","author":"JC Katte","year":"2014","unstructured":"Katte JC, Dzudie A, Sobngwi E, Mbong EN, Fetse GT, Kouam CK, Kengne AP. Coincidence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension in a semi-urban Cameroonian population: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2014;14:696.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"19","key":"2036_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1813869","volume":"380","author":"RJ Johnson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Johnson RJ, Wesseling C, Newman LS. Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Cause in Agricultural Communities. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(19):1843\u201352.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2036_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2009.12.012","volume":"55","author":"C Torres","year":"2010","unstructured":"Torres C, Aragon A, Gonzalez M, Lopez I, Jakobsson K, Elinder CG, Lundberg I, Wesseling C. Decreased kidney function of unknown cause in Nicaragua: a community-based survey. Am J Kidney Dis. 2010;55(3):485\u201396.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"2036_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2011.11.039","volume":"59","author":"S Peraza","year":"2012","unstructured":"Peraza S, Wesseling C, Aragon A, Leiva R, Garcia-Trabanino RA, Torres C, Jakobsson K, Elinder CG, Hogstedt C. Decreased kidney function among agricultural workers in El Salvador. Am J Kidney Dis. 2012;59(4):531\u201340.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"2036_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-018-0001-y","volume":"14","author":"HJ Anders","year":"2018","unstructured":"Anders HJ, Huber TB, Isermann B, Schiffer M. CKD in diabetes: diabetic kidney disease versus nondiabetic kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2018;14(6):361\u201377.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2036_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfz006","volume":"34","author":"HJ Anders","year":"2019","unstructured":"Anders HJ. 2018 update in basic kidney research: fibrosis, inflammation, glomerular filtration and kidney disease progression. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2019;34(5):719\u201323.","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10157-021-02036-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10157-021-02036-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10157-021-02036-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]],"date-time":"2021-05-26T16:06:06Z","timestamp":1622045166000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10157-021-02036-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]}},"alternative-id":["2036"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10157-021-02036-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1342-1751","1437-7799"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1342-1751","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-7799","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 February 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 February 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 March 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors report no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts interests"}},{"value":"All authors gave their approval for publication","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Cameroon National Ethics Committee and all participants provided a written informed consent before enrolment.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}}]}}