{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T06:44:36Z","timestamp":1770705876754,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738108800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Grants for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan","award":["21K10478"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21K10478"]}]},{"name":"Grants for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan","award":["23K07690"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23K07690"]}]},{"name":"Academic support from Bayer Yakuhin Co., Ltd."},{"name":"Grant from the Daiwa Securities Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Nephrol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Febuxostat and topiroxostat are non-purine selective xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitors commonly used for hyperuricaemia treatment in Japan. However, comparative data on the effects of febuxostat and topiroxostat on renal function and proteinuria are limited. This study compared proteinuria incidence and changes in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) among prevalent febuxostat and topiroxostat users.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using databases provided by DeSC Healthcare, Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). We identified 17,446 individuals (11.8% women; mean age 67.4 years) with eGFR\u2009\u2265\u200930 mL\/min\/1.73 m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> and no history of cardiovascular disease or proteinuria at baseline. Separate analyses were performed for individuals with eGFR\u2009&lt;\u200960 mL\/min\/1.73 m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> and those with eGFR\u2009\u2265\u200960 mL\/min\/1.73 m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for proteinuria incidence in topiroxostat users compared with febuxostat users was assessed using the Cox model. Changes in eGFR were compared between the two groups using multiple regression analysis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>During the mean follow-up period of 1.79 years, 1,433 participants developed proteinuria. In non-diabetic individuals with eGFR\u2009\u2265\u200960 mL\/min\/1.73 m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, the adjusted HR for proteinuria incidence in topiroxostat users compared with febuxostat users was 0.60 (95% confidence interval, 0.40\u20130.91; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.016). No significant differences were observed in eGFR changes between the two groups with eGFR\u2009&lt;\u200960 and\u2009\u2265\u200960 mL\/min\/1.73 m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Topiroxostat prevalent users had a lower risk of proteinuria than febuxostat prevalent users in non-diabetic individuals with eGFR\u2009\u2265\u200960\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73 m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>. Our findings suggest that topiroxostat might be more effective than febuxostat in preventing proteinuria in non-diabetic individuals with eGFR\u2009\u2265\u200960 mL\/min\/1.73 m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-025-02630-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T18:18:51Z","timestamp":1738174731000},"page":"797-806","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparison of the incidence of proteinuria and changes in eGFR among febuxostat and topiroxostat users"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Shingo","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1688-1239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michihiro","family":"Satoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"Toyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideaki","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takahisa","family":"Murakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takuo","family":"Hirose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taku","family":"Obara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takefumi","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hirohito","family":"Metoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2630_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2018.04.011","volume":"94","author":"Y Xie","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xie Y, Bowe B, Mokdad AH, Xian H, Yan Y, Li T, et al. 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H.M. concurrently held the position of director of the Tohoku Institute for the Management of Blood Pressure, which was supported by Omron Healthcare Co., Ltd.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"According to the Ethical Guidelines for Medical and Health Research Involving Human Subjects by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan, the present study was exempt from obtaining approval from the Institutional Review Board or Ethics Committee and individual informed consent because the DeSC data were unlinked and anonymised [].","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}