{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T05:39:58Z","timestamp":1788500398719,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 DC016559"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DC016559"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 DC000023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 DC000023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 DC000023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 DC000023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JARO"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Outer hair cells (OHCs) in the mouse cochlea are contacted by up to three type II afferent boutons. On average, only half of these are postsynaptic to presynaptic ribbons. Mice of both sexes were subjected to acoustic trauma that produced a threshold shift of 44.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a09.1\u00a0dB 7\u00a0days after exposure. Ribbon synapses of OHCs were quantified in post-trauma and littermate controls using immunolabeling of CtBP2. Visualization with virtual reality was used to determine 3-D cytoplasmic localization of CtBP2 puncta to the synaptic pole of OHCs. Acoustic trauma was associated with a statistically significant increase in the number of synaptic ribbons per OHC. Serial section TEM was carried out on similarly treated mice. This also showed a significant increase in the number of ribbons in post-trauma OHCs, as well as a significant increase in ribbon volume compared to ribbons in control OHCs. An increase in OHC ribbon synapses after acoustic trauma is a novel observation that has implications for OHC:type II afferent signaling. A mathematical model showed that the observed increase in OHC ribbons considered alone could produce a significant increase in action potentials among type II afferent neurons during strong acoustic stimulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-020-00777-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T09:03:10Z","timestamp":1604566990000},"page":"19-31","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Acoustic Trauma Increases Ribbon Number and Size in Outer Hair Cells of the Mouse Cochlea"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7405-8067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan B","family":"Wood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5725-1746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathaniel","family":"Nowak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keira","family":"Mull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7129-6510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Goldring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Lehar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul Albert","family":"Fuchs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"777_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902550408","volume":"255","author":"AM Berglund","year":"1987","unstructured":"Berglund AM, Ryugo DK (1987) Hair cell innervation by spiral ganglion neurons in the mouse. J Comp Neurol 255(4):560\u2013570","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"issue":"34","key":"777_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7440","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0363-18.2018","volume":"38","author":"LE Boero","year":"2018","unstructured":"Boero LE, Castagna VC, Di Guilmi MN, Goutman JD, Elgoyhen AB, Gomez-Casati ME (2018) Enhancement of the medial olivocochlear system prevents hidden hearing loss. J Neurosci 38(34):7440\u20137451","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"777_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2006.10.004","volume":"223","author":"BA Bohne","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bohne BA, Harding GW, Lee SC (2007) Death pathways in noise-damaged outer hair cells. Hear Res 223(1\u20132):61\u201370","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"777_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902600411","volume":"260","author":"MC Brown","year":"1987","unstructured":"Brown MC (1987) Morphology of labeled afferent fibers in the guinea pig cochlea. J Comp Neurol 260(4):591\u2013604","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"777_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1994.71.5.1835","volume":"71","author":"MC Brown","year":"1994","unstructured":"Brown MC (1994) Antidromic responses of single units from the spiral ganglion. J Neurophysiol 71(5):1835\u20131847","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"777_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902780409","volume":"278","author":"MC Brown","year":"1988","unstructured":"Brown MC, Berglund AM, Kiang NY, Ryugo DK (1988) Central trajectories of type II spiral ganglion neurons. J Comp Neurol 278(4):581\u2013590","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"777_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22087","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.22087","volume":"73","author":"TM Coate","year":"2019","unstructured":"Coate TM, Scott MK, Gurjar M (2019) Current concepts in cochlear ribbon synapse formation. Synapse 73(5):e22087","journal-title":"Synapse"},{"key":"777_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470515075","volume-title":"The R book","author":"M Crawley","year":"2007","unstructured":"Crawley M (2007) The R book. Wiley, Hoboken"},{"issue":"2","key":"777_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.01.006","volume":"152","author":"OA Dina","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dina OA, Green PG, Levine JD (2008) Role of interleukin-6 in chronic muscle hyperalgesic priming. Neuroscience 152(2):521\u2013525","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"9","key":"777_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3599","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.72.9.3599","volume":"72","author":"RA Dunn","year":"1975","unstructured":"Dunn RA, Morest DK (1975) Receptor synapses without synaptic ribbons in the cochlea of the cat. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 72(9):3599\u20133603","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"777_CR11","first-page":"169","volume-title":"Peripheral anatomy and physiology II. The auditory psychobiology of the mouse","author":"G Ehret","year":"1983","unstructured":"Ehret G (1983) Peripheral anatomy and physiology II. The auditory psychobiology of the mouse. Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, pp 169\u2013200"},{"key":"777_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2019.11.051","volume":"427","author":"KA Fernandez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fernandez KA, Guo D, Micucci S, De Gruttola V, Liberman MC, Kujawa SG (2020) Noise-induced cochlear synaptopathy with and without sensory cell loss. Neuroscience 427:43\u201357","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"777_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2818.2005.01466.x","volume":"218","author":"JC Fiala","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fiala JC (2005) Reconstruct: a free editor for serial section microscopy. J Microsc 218(Pt 1):52\u201361","journal-title":"J Microsc"},{"issue":"5","key":"777_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2015.01.009","volume":"25","author":"EN Flores","year":"2015","unstructured":"Flores EN, Duggan A, Madathany T, Hogan AK, Marquez FG, Kumar G, Seal RP, Edwards RH, Liberman MC, Garcia-Anoveros J (2015) A non-canonical pathway from cochlea to brain signals tissue-damaging noise. Curr Biol 25(5):606\u2013612","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"777_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23478","volume":"522","author":"PA Fuchs","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fuchs PA, Lehar M, Hiel H (2014) Ultrastructure of cisternal synapses on outer hair cells of the mouse cochlea. J Comp Neurol 522(3):717\u2013729","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"777_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2014.05.001","volume":"314","author":"T Fujikawa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fujikawa T, Petralia RS, Fitzgerald TS, Wang YX, Millis B, Morgado-Diaz JA, Kitamura K, Kachar B (2014) Localization of kainate receptors in inner and outer hair cell synapses. Hear Res 314:20\u201332","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"777_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.20764","volume":"83","author":"M Fujioka","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fujioka M, Kanzaki S, Okano HJ, Masuda M, Ogawa K, Okano H (2006) Proinflammatory cytokines expression in noise-induced damaged cochlea. J Neurosci Res 83(4):575\u2013583","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"777_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3120","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.03120","volume":"10","author":"WA Goncalves","year":"2019","unstructured":"Goncalves WA, Rezende BM, de Oliveira MPE, Ribeiro LS, Fattori V, da Silva WN, Prazeres P, Queiroz-Junior CM, Santana KTO, Costa WC, Beltrami VA, Costa VV, Birbrair W, Verri A Jr, Lopes F, Cunha TM, Teixeira MM, Amaral FA, Pinho V (2019) Sensory ganglia-specific TNF expression is associated with persistent nociception after resolution of inflammation. Front Immunol 10:3120","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"777_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488909127527","volume":"107","author":"S Hashimoto","year":"1989","unstructured":"Hashimoto S, Takasaka T (1989) Computer-aided serial section reconstruction of nerve endings on the outer hair cells of the cochlea. Semithin sections vs. ultrathin sections. Acta Otolaryngol 107(5\u20136):387\u2013391","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"1","key":"777_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1080\/000164800750044443","volume":"120","author":"BH Hu","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hu BH, Guo W, Wang PY, Henderson D, Jiang SC (2000) Intense noise-induced apoptosis in hair cells of guinea pig cochleae. Acta Otolaryngol 120(1):19\u201324","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"6","key":"777_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001583","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1001583","volume":"11","author":"AA Indzhykulian","year":"2013","unstructured":"Indzhykulian AA, Stepanyan R, Nelina A, Spinelli KJ, Ahmed ZM, Belyantseva IA, Friedman T, Barr-Gillespie PG, Frolenkov GI (2013) Molecular remodeling of tip links underlies mechanosensory regeneration in auditory hair cells. PLoS Biol 11(6):e1001583","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"777_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2003.00525.x","volume":"552","author":"DJ Jagger","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jagger DJ, Housley GD (2003) Membrane properties of type II spiral ganglion neurones identified in a neonatal rat cochlear slice. J Physiol 552(Pt 2):525\u2013533","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"777_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5955(97)00155-X","volume":"114","author":"KR Johnson","year":"1997","unstructured":"Johnson KR, Erway LC, Cook SA, Willott JF, Zheng QY (1997) A major gene affecting age-related hearing loss in C57BL\/6J mice. Hear Res 114(1\u20132):83\u201392","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"key":"777_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00620","volume":"13","author":"T Kaur","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kaur T, Clayman AC, Nash AJ, Schrader AD, Warchol ME, Ohlemiller KK (2019) Lack of Fractalkine receptor on macrophages impairs spontaneous recovery of ribbon synapses after moderate noise trauma in C57BL\/6 mice. Front Neurosci 13:620","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"issue":"4555","key":"777_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7089553","volume":"217","author":"NY Kiang","year":"1982","unstructured":"Kiang NY, Rho JM, Northrop CC, Liberman MC, Ryugo DK (1982) Hair-cell innervation by spiral ganglion cells in adult cats. Science 217(4555):175\u2013177","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"23","key":"777_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4434","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2228-18.2019","volume":"39","author":"KX Kim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kim KX, Payne S, Yang-Hood A, Li SZ, Davis B, Carlquist J, V-Ghari B, Gantz JA, Kallogjeri D, Fitzpatrick JAJ, Ohlemiller KK, Hirose K, Rutherford MA (2019) Vesicular glutamatergic transmission in noise-induced loss and repair of cochlear ribbon synapses. J Neurosci 39(23):4434\u20134447","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"777_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2612","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1999.81.6.2612","volume":"81","author":"M Kress","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kress M, Guenther S (1999) Role of [Ca2+]i in the ATP-induced heat sensitization process of rat nociceptive neurons. J Neurophysiol 81(6):2612\u20132619","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"45","key":"777_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14077","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2845-09.2009","volume":"29","author":"SG Kujawa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kujawa SG, Liberman MC (2009) Adding insult to injury: cochlear nerve degeneration after \u201ctemporary\u201d noise-induced hearing loss. J Neurosci 29(45):14077\u201314085","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"777_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-011-0262-7","volume":"12","author":"AM Lauer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lauer AM, May BJ (2011) The medial olivocochlear system attenuates the developmental impact of early noise exposure. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 12(3):329\u2013343","journal-title":"J Assoc Res Otolaryngol"},{"key":"777_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2017.01.003","volume":"349","author":"MC Liberman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liberman MC, Kujawa SG (2017) Cochlear synaptopathy in acquired sensorineural hearing loss: manifestations and mechanisms. Hear Res 349:138\u2013147","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"key":"777_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2016.06.002","volume":"339","author":"LD Liberman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liberman LD, Liberman MC (2016) Postnatal maturation of auditory-nerve heterogeneity, as seen in spatial gradients of synapse morphology in the inner hair cell area. Hear Res 339:12\u201322","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"777_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903010309","volume":"301","author":"MC Liberman","year":"1990","unstructured":"Liberman MC, Dodds LW, Pierce S (1990) Afferent and efferent innervation of the cat cochlea: quantitative analysis with light and electron microscopy. J Comp Neurol 301(3):443\u2013460","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"777_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2013.01.002","volume":"298","author":"IA Lina","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lina IA, Lauer AM (2013) Rapid measurement of auditory filter shape in mice using the auditory brainstem response and notched noise. Hear Res 298:73\u201379","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"issue":"47","key":"777_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14723","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1515228112","volume":"112","author":"C Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu C, Glowatzki E, Fuchs PA (2015) Unmyelinated type II afferent neurons report cochlear damage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 112(47):14723\u201314727","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"2","key":"777_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ENEURO.0078","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0078-16.2016","volume":"3","author":"R Martinez-Monedero","year":"2016","unstructured":"Martinez-Monedero R, Liu C, Weisz C, Vyas P, Fuchs PA, Glowatzki E (2016) GluA2-containing AMPA receptors distinguish ribbon-associated from Ribbonless afferent contacts on rat cochlear hair cells. eNeuro 3(2):ENEURO.0078\u2013ENEU16.2016","journal-title":"eNeuro"},{"issue":"2","key":"777_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-006-0276-3","volume":"326","author":"T Moser","year":"2006","unstructured":"Moser T, Brandt A, Lysakowski A (2006) Hair cell ribbon synapses. Cell Tissue Res 326(2):347\u2013359","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"issue":"16","key":"777_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4040","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4115-04.2005","volume":"25","author":"K Nakayama","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nakayama K, Kiyosue K, Taguchi T (2005) Diminished neuronal activity increases neuron-neuron connectivity underlying silent synapse formation and the rapid conversion of silent to functional synapses. J Neurosci 25(16):4040\u20134051","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"777_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2011.04.003","volume":"278","author":"BA Nayagam","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nayagam BA, Muniak MA, Ryugo DK (2011) The spiral ganglion: connecting the peripheral and central auditory systems. Hear Res 278(1\u20132):2\u201320","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"777_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.3342\/ceo.2010.3.3.126","volume":"3","author":"SN Park","year":"2010","unstructured":"Park SN, Back SA, Park KH, Kim DK, Park SY, Oh JH, Park YS, Yeo SW (2010) Comparison of cochlear morphology and apoptosis in mouse models of presbycusis. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 3(3):126\u2013135","journal-title":"Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"4","key":"777_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1044\/2014_AJA-13-0037","volume":"23","author":"M Pienkowski","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pienkowski M, Tyler RS, Roncancio ER, Jun HJ, Brozoski T, Dauman N, Coelho CB, Andersson G, Keiner AJ, Cacace AT, Martin N, Moore BC (2014) A review of hyperacusis and future directions: part II. Measurement, mechanisms, and treatment. Am J Audiol 23(4):420\u2013436","journal-title":"Am J Audiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"777_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5955(84)90042-X","volume":"15","author":"D Robertson","year":"1984","unstructured":"Robertson D (1984) Horseradish peroxidase injection of physiologically characterized afferent and efferent neurones in the guinea pig spiral ganglion. Hear Res 15(2):113\u2013121","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"777_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5955(99)00120-3","volume":"136","author":"D Robertson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Robertson D, Sellick PM, Patuzzi R (1999) The continuing search for outer hair cell afferents in the guinea pig spiral ganglion. Hear Res 136(1\u20132):151\u2013158","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"777_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-5955(99)00086-6","volume":"135","author":"M Sato","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sato M, Henson MM, Henson OW Jr, Smith DW (1999) The innervation of outer hair cells: 3D reconstruction from TEM serial sections in the Japanese macaque. Hear Res 135(1\u20132):29\u201338","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"issue":"34","key":"777_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13686","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1783-13.2013","volume":"33","author":"Y Sergeyenko","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sergeyenko Y, Lall K, Liberman MC, Kujawa SG (2013) Age-related cochlear synaptopathy: an early-onset contributor to auditory functional decline. J Neurosci 33(34):13686\u201313694","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"777_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902700111","volume":"270","author":"DD Simmons","year":"1988","unstructured":"Simmons DD, Liberman MC (1988) Afferent innervation of outer hair cells in adult cats: I. light microscopic analysis of fibers labeled with horseradish peroxidase. J Comp Neurol 270(1):132\u2013144","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"777_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1113\/JP276400","volume":"597","author":"P Sirko","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sirko P, Gale JE, Ashmore JF (2019) Intercellular Ca(2+) signalling in the adult mouse cochlea. J Physiol 597(1):303\u2013317","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"4 Pt 1","key":"777_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1177\/000348947508400403","volume":"84","author":"CA Smith","year":"1975","unstructured":"Smith CA (1975) Innervation of the cochlea of the guinea pig by use of the Golgi stain. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 84(4 Pt 1):443\u2013458","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"issue":"6","key":"777_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01625188","volume":"15","author":"HM Sobkowicz","year":"1986","unstructured":"Sobkowicz HM, Rose JE, Scott GL, Levenick CV (1986) Distribution of synaptic ribbons in the developing organ of Corti. J Neurocytol 15(6):693\u2013714","journal-title":"J Neurocytol"},{"issue":"2","key":"777_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.3109\/00016486909125448","volume":"67","author":"H Spoendlin","year":"1969","unstructured":"Spoendlin H (1969) Innervation patterns in the organ of corti of the cat. Acta Otolaryngol 67(2):239\u2013254","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"777_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2006.07.014","volume":"221","author":"S Stamataki","year":"2006","unstructured":"Stamataki S, Francis HW, Lehar M, May BJ, Ryugo DK (2006) Synaptic alterations at inner hair cells precede spiral ganglion cell loss in aging C57BL\/6J mice. Hear Res 221(1\u20132):104\u2013118","journal-title":"Hear Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"777_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6951","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.111025298","volume":"98","author":"M Tominaga","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tominaga M, Wada M, Masu M (2001) Potentiation of capsaicin receptor activity by metabotropic ATP receptors as a possible mechanism for ATP-evoked pain and hyperalgesia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98(12):6951\u20136956","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"4","key":"777_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-0082(92)90027-C","volume":"38","author":"RD Treede","year":"1992","unstructured":"Treede RD, Meyer RA, Raja SN, Campbell JN (1992) Peripheral and central mechanisms of cutaneous hyperalgesia. Prog Neurobiol 38(4):397\u2013421","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"777_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-016-0591-7","volume":"18","author":"P Vyas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vyas P, Wu JS, Zimmerman A, Fuchs P, Glowatzki E (2017) Tyrosine hydroxylase expression in type II cochlear afferents in mice. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 18(1):139\u2013151","journal-title":"J Assoc Res Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"4","key":"777_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-012-0329-0","volume":"13","author":"Y Wang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wang Y, Ren C (2012) Effects of repeated \u201cbenign\u201d noise exposures in young CBA mice: shedding light on age-related hearing loss. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 13(4):505\u2013515","journal-title":"J Assoc Res Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"7267","key":"777_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08487","volume":"461","author":"C Weisz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Weisz C, Glowatzki E, Fuchs P (2009) The postsynaptic function of type II cochlear afferents. Nature 461(7267):1126\u20131129","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"28","key":"777_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9528","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.6194-11.2012","volume":"32","author":"CJ Weisz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Weisz CJ, Lehar M, Hiel H, Glowatzki E, Fuchs PA (2012) Synaptic transfer from outer hair cells to type II afferent fibers in the rat cochlea. J Neurosci 32(28):9528\u20139536","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"777_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2365","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3428-13.2014","volume":"34","author":"CJ Weisz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Weisz CJ, Glowatzki E, Fuchs PA (2014) Excitability of type II cochlear afferents. J Neurosci 34(6):2365\u20132373","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"777_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wong HC, Zhang Q, Beirl AJ, Petralia RS, Wang YX, Kindt K (2019) Synaptic mitochondria regulate hair-cell synapse size and function. Elife 8","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.48914"},{"issue":"41","key":"777_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10584","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1187-16.2016","volume":"36","author":"JS Wu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wu JS, Young ED, Glowatzki E (2016) Maturation of spontaneous firing properties after hearing onset in rat auditory nerve fibers: spontaneous rates, refractoriness, and interfiber correlations. J Neurosci 36(41):10584\u201310597","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"777_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu JS, Yi E, Manca M, Javaid H, Lauer AM, Glowatzki E (2020) Sound exposure dynamically induces dopamine synthesis in cholinergic LOC efferents for feedback to auditory nerve fibers. Elife 9","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.52419"},{"issue":"1","key":"777_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-03806-8","volume":"9","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Li S, Wong HC, He XJ, Beirl A, Petralia RS, Wang YX, Kindt KS (2018) Synaptically silent sensory hair cells in zebrafish are recruited after damage. Nat Commun 9(1):1388","journal-title":"Nat Commun"}],"container-title":["Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10162-020-00777-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10162-020-00777-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10162-020-00777-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,22]],"date-time":"2021-01-22T11:15:52Z","timestamp":1611314152000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10162-020-00777-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["777"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10162-020-00777-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1525-3961","1438-7573"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1525-3961","type":"print"},{"value":"1438-7573","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 June 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 October 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 November 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest"}},{"value":"N\/A","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"N\/A","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"All authors consent to the publication of this study.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}}]}}