{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T10:12:25Z","timestamp":1781086345805,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,12]],"date-time":"2021-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623456000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,12]],"date-time":"2021-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007642","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007642","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Health Econ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The objective of this study was to estimate the lifetime risk of hospitalization associated with all major human papillomavirus (HPV)-related diseases in Italy. Moreover, a preliminary vaccination effect was also performed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A retrospective, nonrandomized, observational study was developed based on patients hospitalized between 2006 and 2018 in Italy. All hospitalizations were identified through administrative archives, according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9 CM). Information related to the hospital discharges of all accredited public and private hospitals, both for ordinary and day care regimes, was taken into account. We included hospitalizations related to resident patients presenting one of the ICD-9-CM codes as primary or secondary diagnosis: genital warts (GW); \u2018cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)\u2019 (067.32\u2013067.33); \u2018condyloma acuminatum\u2019 (078.11); \u2018anal cancers\u2019 (AC) (154.2\u2013154.8); oropharyngeal cancers (OC): \u2018oropharyngeal cancer\u2019(146.0\u2013146.9) and \u2018head, face and neck cancers\u2019 (171.0); genital cancers (GC): \u2018penis cancer\u2019 (187.1\u2013187.9) and \u2018cervical cancer\u2019 (180.0\u2013180.9). Data were stratified by birth year and divided into two groups: (a) cohort born before 1996 (not vaccinable) and (b) cohort born after 1997 (vaccinable\u2014first cohort that could be vaccinated at the beginning of immunization schedule in girls since 2008 in Italy). Disease-specific hospitalization risks for both groups were estimated by sex, year and age.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Epidemiological data demonstrate that the peak hospitalization risk occurred at 24\u201326 years of age for GW (both male and female); 33\u201341 and 47\u201354 years for AC males and females, respectively; 53\u201359 and 52\u201358 years for OC males and females, respectively; and 54\u201360 and 39\u201346 years for GC males and females, respectively. Focusing on GW and GC, vaccinable females demonstrate a significant reduction in hospitalization risks (\u2212 54% on average) compared to nonvaccinable females until 21 years of age (maximum follow-up available for girls born after 1997). Comparing the same birth cohort of males, no differences in hospitalization risk were found.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>These results support the importance of primary prevention strategies in Italy and suggest that increased VCRs and time of observation (genital cancers for which vaccination is highly effective, have a latency of some decades) will provide useful information for decision-makers.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-021-01317-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,12]],"date-time":"2021-06-12T15:02:47Z","timestamp":1623510167000},"page":"1371-1379","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Human papillomavirus in Italy: retrospective cohort analysis and preliminary vaccination effect from real-world data"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3974-3798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Marcellusi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F. 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