{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T11:59:15Z","timestamp":1783339155900,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,20]],"date-time":"2022-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668902400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,20]],"date-time":"2022-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Donation Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Health Econ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The aim of this study is to quantify the mortality rate, direct healthcare costs, and cumulative life costs of pediatric patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type 1, type 2, and type 3 born in Hong Kong.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Data were collected from genetically confirmed SMA patients born in or after 2000 from the Hospital Authority medical database. Patients were followed up from birth until they died, left Hong Kong, reached 18\u00a0years, or initiated disease-modifying treatment. Study outcomes included incidence risks of mortality, cumulative direct medical costs\u2014attendances of special outpatient clinics, emergency department, allied health services, and mean length of stay in hospitals over time. Total direct medical costs were calculated as unit costs multiplied by utilization frequencies of corresponding healthcare services at each age.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Seventy-one patients with SMA were included. Over a median follow-up period of 6\u00a0years, the overall incidence rate of death was 5.422\/100 person-years (95%CI 3.542\u20137.945\/100 person-years). 67.7% and 11% of deaths occurred in SMA1 and SMA2 groups, respectively. The median age of death was 0.8\u00a0years in SMA1 and 10.9\u00a0years in SMA2. The mean cumulative direct medical costs in overall SMA, SMA1, SMA2 and SMA3 groups per patient were US$935,570, US$2,393,250, US$413,165, and US$40,735, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>Interpretation: Our results confirmed a significantly raised mortality and extremely high healthcare burden for patients with SMA especially SMA type 1 and 2 without disease-modifying treatment. Study evaluating health and economic impact of newborn screening and early treatment is needed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-022-01548-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,20]],"date-time":"2022-11-20T16:02:41Z","timestamp":1668960161000},"page":"1373-1382","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Significant healthcare burden and life cost of spinal muscular atrophy: real-world data"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2990-0163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophelia H. S.","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos K. H.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilfred","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael K. L.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan C. H.","family":"Au","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Godfrey C. F.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"1548_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70061-3","volume":"11","author":"E Mercuri","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mercuri, E., Bertini, E., Iannaccone, S.T.: Childhood spinal muscular atrophy: controversies and challenges. Lancet Neurol. 11(5), 443\u2013452 (2012)","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"1548_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90460-3","volume":"80","author":"S Lefebvre","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lefebvre, S., Burglen, L., Reboullet, S., Clermont, O., Burlet, P., Viollet, L., et al.: Identification and characterization of a spinal muscular atrophy-determining gene. Cell 80(1), 155\u2013165 (1995)","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"1548_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-017-0671-8","volume":"12","author":"IEC Verhaart","year":"2017","unstructured":"Verhaart, I.E.C., Robertson, A., Wilson, I.J., Aartsma-Rus, A., Cameron, S., Jones, C.C., et al.: Prevalence, incidence and carrier frequency of 5q-linked spinal muscular atrophy\u2014a literature review. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 12(1), 124 (2017)","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"1548_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17067","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017067","volume":"6","author":"YN Su","year":"2011","unstructured":"Su, Y.N., Hung, C.C., Lin, S.Y., Chen, F.Y., Chern, J.P., Tsai, C., et al.: Carrier screening for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) in 107,611 pregnant women during the period 2005\u20132009: a prospective population-based cohort study. PLoS ONE 6(2), e17067 (2011)","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"7","key":"1548_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.33474","volume":"152A","author":"TW Prior","year":"2010","unstructured":"Prior, T.W., Snyder, P.J., Rink, B.D., Pearl, D.K., Pyatt, R.E., Mihal, D.C., et al.: Newborn and carrier screening for spinal muscular atrophy. Am J Med Genet A. 152A(7), 1608\u20131616 (2010)","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A."},{"issue":"1","key":"1548_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/ejhg.2011.134","volume":"20","author":"EA Sugarman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sugarman, E.A., Nagan, N., Zhu, H., Akmaev, V.R., Zhou, Z., Rohlfs, E.M., et al.: Pan-ethnic carrier screening and prenatal diagnosis for spinal muscular atrophy: clinical laboratory analysis of >72,400 specimens. Eur J Hum Genet. 20(1), 27\u201332 (2012)","journal-title":"Eur J Hum Genet."},{"issue":"1","key":"1548_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.2217\/fnl.13.58","volume":"9","author":"UR Monani","year":"2014","unstructured":"Monani, U.R., De Vivo, D.C.: Neurodegeneration in spinal muscular atrophy: from disease phenotype and animal models to therapeutic strategies and beyond. Future Neurol. 9(1), 49\u201365 (2014)","journal-title":"Future Neurol."},{"key":"1548_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zerres K, Rudnik-Schoneborn S. Natural history in proximal spinal muscular atrophy. Clinical analysis of 445 patients and suggestions for a modification of existing classifications. Arch Neurol. 1995;52(5):518\u201323.","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1995.00540290108025"},{"issue":"11","key":"1548_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2016.10.002","volume":"26","author":"R De Sanctis","year":"2016","unstructured":"De Sanctis, R., Coratti, G., Pasternak, A., Montes, J., Pane, M., Mazzone, E.S., et al.: Developmental milestones in type I spinal muscular atrophy. Neuromuscul Disord. 26(11), 754\u2013759 (2016)","journal-title":"Neuromuscul Disord."},{"issue":"6","key":"1548_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25101","volume":"82","author":"SJ Kolb","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kolb, S.J., Coffey, C.S., Yankey, J.W., Krosschell, K., Arnold, W.D., Rutkove, S.B., et al.: Natural history of infantile-onset spinal muscular atrophy. Ann Neurol. 82(6), 883\u2013891 (2017)","journal-title":"Ann Neurol."},{"issue":"20","key":"1548_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000290830.40544.b9","volume":"69","author":"M Oskoui","year":"2007","unstructured":"Oskoui, M., Levy, G., Garland, C.J., Gray, J.M., O\u2019Hagen, J., De Vivo, D.C., et al.: The changing natural history of spinal muscular atrophy type 1. Neurology 69(20), 1931\u20131936 (2007)","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"7","key":"1548_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0201004","volume":"13","author":"A Chabanon","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chabanon, A., Seferian, A.M., Daron, A., Pereon, Y., Cances, C., Vuillerot, C., et al.: Prospective and longitudinal natural history study of patients with Type 2 and 3 spinal muscular atrophy: baseline data NatHis-SMA study. PLoS ONE 13(7), e0201004 (2018)","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"8","key":"1548_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073807305788","volume":"22","author":"CH Wang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wang, C.H., Finkel, R.S., Bertini, E.S., Schroth, M., Simonds, A., Wong, B., et al.: Consensus statement for standard of care in spinal muscular atrophy. J Child Neurol. 22(8), 1027\u20131049 (2007)","journal-title":"J Child Neurol."},{"issue":"2","key":"1548_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2017.11.005","volume":"28","author":"E Mercuri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mercuri, E., Finkel, R.S., Muntoni, F., Wirth, B., Montes, J., Main, M., et al.: Diagnosis and management of spinal muscular atrophy: Part 1: Recommendations for diagnosis, rehabilitation, orthopedic and nutritional care. Neuromuscul Disord. 28(2), 103\u2013115 (2018)","journal-title":"Neuromuscul Disord."},{"issue":"3","key":"1548_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2017.11.004","volume":"28","author":"RS Finkel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Finkel, R.S., Mercuri, E., Meyer, O.H., Simonds, A.K., Schroth, M.K., Graham, R.J., et al.: Diagnosis and management of spinal muscular atrophy: Part 2: Pulmonary and acute care; medications, supplements and immunizations; other organ systems; and ethics. Neuromuscul Disord. 28(3), 197\u2013207 (2018)","journal-title":"Neuromuscul Disord."},{"issue":"18","key":"1548_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1702752","volume":"377","author":"RS Finkel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Finkel, R.S., Mercuri, E., Darras, B.T., Connolly, A.M., Kuntz, N.L., Kirschner, J., et al.: Nusinersen versus sham control in infantile-onset spinal muscular atrophy. N Engl J Med. 377(18), 1723\u20131732 (2017)","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"7","key":"1548_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1710504","volume":"378","author":"E Mercuri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mercuri, E., Darras, B.T., Chiriboga, C.A., Day, J.W., Campbell, C., Connolly, A.M., et al.: Nusinersen versus sham control in later-onset spinal muscular atrophy. N Engl J Med. 378(7), 625\u2013635 (2018)","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"18","key":"1548_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1706198","volume":"377","author":"JR Mendell","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mendell, J.R., Al-Zaidy, S., Shell, R., Arnold, W.D., Rodino-Klapac, L.R., Prior, T.W., et al.: Single-dose gene-replacement therapy for spinal muscular atrophy. N Engl J Med. 377(18), 1713\u20131722 (2017)","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"1548_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2102047","volume":"385","author":"BT Darras","year":"2021","unstructured":"Darras, B.T., Masson, R., Mazurkiewicz-Beldzinska, M., Rose, K., Xiong, H., Zanoteli, E., et al.: Risdiplam-treated infants with type 1 spinal muscular atrophy versus historical controls. N Engl J Med. 385(5), 427\u2013435 (2021)","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"1548_CR20","unstructured":"LEONG Chi-yan J. HOSPITAL AUTHORITY ordinance (Chapter 113)\u2013Revision of List of Charges. The Government of the Hong Kong SAR; 2017."},{"issue":"1","key":"1548_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009715","volume":"95","author":"GM Chambers","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chambers, G.M., Settumba, S.N., Carey, K.A., Cairns, A., Menezes, M.P., Ryan, M., et al.: Prenusinersen economic and health-related quality of life burden of spinal muscular atrophy. Neurology 95(1), e1\u2013e10 (2020)","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"8","key":"1548_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1080\/13696998.2016.1198355","volume":"19","author":"EP Armstrong","year":"2016","unstructured":"Armstrong, E.P., Malone, D.C., Yeh, W.S., Dahl, G.J., Lee, R.L., Sicignano, N.: The economic burden of spinal muscular atrophy. J Med Econ. 19(8), 822\u2013826 (2016)","journal-title":"J Med Econ."},{"issue":"1","key":"1548_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1843277","DOI":"10.1080\/20016689.2020.1843277","volume":"8","author":"L Belter","year":"2020","unstructured":"Belter, L., Cruz, R., Kulas, S., McGinnis, E., Dabbous, O., Jarecki, J.: Economic burden of spinal muscular atrophy: an analysis of claims data. J Mark Access Health Policy. 8(1), 1843277 (2020)","journal-title":"J Mark Access Health Policy."},{"issue":"1","key":"1548_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1080\/13696998.2019.1646263","volume":"23","author":"M Droege","year":"2020","unstructured":"Droege, M., Sproule, D., Arjunji, R., Gauthier-Loiselle, M., Cloutier, M., Dabbous, O.: Economic burden of spinal muscular atrophy in the United States: a contemporary assessment. J Med Econ. 23(1), 70\u201379 (2020)","journal-title":"J Med Econ."},{"issue":"1","key":"1548_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2020.07.012","volume":"43","author":"SF Ou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ou, S.F., Ho, C.S., Lee, W.T., Lin, K.L., Jones, C.C., Jong, Y.J., et al.: Natural history in spinal muscular atrophy Type I in Taiwanese population: a longitudinal study. Brain Dev. 43(1), 127\u2013134 (2021)","journal-title":"Brain Dev."},{"issue":"2","key":"1548_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.3233\/JND-170292","volume":"5","author":"L Belter","year":"2018","unstructured":"Belter, L., Cook, S.F., Crawford, T.O., Jarecki, J., Jones, C.C., Kissel, J.T., et al.: An overview of the Cure SMA membership database: Highlights of key demographic and clinical characteristics of SMA members. J Neuromuscul Dis. 5(2), 167\u2013176 (2018)","journal-title":"J Neuromuscul Dis."},{"issue":"15","key":"1548_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1634","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009248","volume":"94","author":"CA Wijngaarde","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wijngaarde, C.A., Stam, M., Otto, L.A.M., van Eijk, R.P.A., Cuppen, I., Veldhoen, E.S., et al.: Population-based analysis of survival in spinal muscular atrophy. Neurology 94(15), e1634\u2013e1644 (2020)","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"7","key":"1548_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2008.05.008","volume":"18","author":"JM Cobben","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cobben, J.M., Lemmink, H.H., Snoeck, I., Barth, P.A., van der Lee, J.H., de Visser, M.: Survival in SMA type I: a prospective analysis of 34 consecutive cases. Neuromuscul Disord. 18(7), 541\u2013544 (2008)","journal-title":"Neuromuscul Disord."},{"issue":"11","key":"1548_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-324532","volume":"92","author":"SH Chan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chan, S.H., Chae, J.H., Chien, Y.H., Ko, T.S., Lee, J.H., Lee, Y.J., et al.: Nusinersen in spinal muscular atrophy type 1 from neonates to young adult: 1-year data from three Asia-Pacific regions. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 92(11), 1244\u20131246 (2021)","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry."},{"key":"1548_CR30","unstructured":"Cohen J. At over $2 million Zolgensma is the world\u2019s most expensive therapy, yet relatively cost-effective. Forbes. 2019 05\/06\/2019."},{"key":"1548_CR31","unstructured":"Williams R. Concerns over Efficacy and Cost of Muscle Wasting Treatments. 2020 11\/11\/2020."},{"issue":"17","key":"1548_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1853","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-020-01410-z","volume":"80","author":"S Dhillon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dhillon, S.: Risdiplam: first approval. Drugs 80(17), 1853\u20131858 (2020)","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"1548_CR33","unstructured":"Staff M. FDA Approves Evrysdi, Third Drug for Spinal Muscular Atrophy 2020 [updated 11\/08\/2020. https:\/\/www.managedhealthcareexecutive.com\/view\/fda-approves-evrysdi-risdiplam-third-drug-for-spinal-muscular-atrophy."},{"issue":"6","key":"1548_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2020.09.021","volume":"24","author":"TF Broekhoff","year":"2021","unstructured":"Broekhoff, T.F., Sweegers, C.C.G., Krijkamp, E.M., Mantel-Teeuwisse, A.K., Leufkens, H.G.M., Goettsch, W.G., et al.: Early cost-effectiveness of onasemnogene Abeparvovec-xioi (Zolgensma) and Nusinersen (Spinraza) treatment for spinal muscular atrophy i in the netherlands with relapse scenarios. Value Health. 24(6), 759\u2013769 (2021)","journal-title":"Value Health."},{"issue":"12","key":"1548_CR35","first-page":"1306","volume":"25","author":"CI Starner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Starner, C.I., Gleason pp.: Spinal muscular atrophy therapies: icer grounds the price to value conversation in facts. J Manag Care Spec Pharm. 25(12), 1306\u20131308 (2019)","journal-title":"J Manag Care Spec Pharm."},{"issue":"11","key":"1548_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2019.09.007","volume":"29","author":"DC De Vivo","year":"2019","unstructured":"De Vivo, D.C., Bertini, E., Swoboda, K.J., Hwu, W.L., Crawford, T.O., Finkel, R.S., et al.: Nusinersen initiated in infants during the presymptomatic stage of spinal muscular atrophy: Interim efficacy and safety results from the Phase 2 NURTURE study. Neuromuscul Disord. 29(11), 842\u2013856 (2019)","journal-title":"Neuromuscul Disord."},{"issue":"6","key":"1548_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2021.03.007","volume":"31","author":"Dangouloff T, Vrscaj E, Servais L, Osredkar D, Group SNWS","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dangouloff T, Vrscaj E, Servais L, Osredkar D, Group SNWS: Newborn screening programs for spinal muscular atrophy worldwide: Where we stand and where to go. Neuromuscul Disord. 31(6), 574\u2013582 (2021)","journal-title":"Neuromuscul Disord."},{"issue":"12","key":"1548_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2021-326344","volume":"92","author":"ST Shih","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shih, S.T., Farrar, M.A., Wiley, V., Chambers, G.: Newborn screening for spinal muscular atrophy with disease-modifying therapies: a cost-effectiveness analysis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 92(12), 1296\u20131304 (2021)","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry."},{"key":"1548_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.15286","author":"T Dangouloff","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dangouloff, T., Hiligsmann, M., Deconinck, N., D\u2019Amico, A., Seferian, A.M., Boemer, F., et al.: Financial cost and quality of life of patients with spinal muscular atrophy identified by symptoms or newborn screening. Dev Med Child Neurolz. (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dmcn.15286","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurolz."}],"container-title":["The European Journal of Health Economics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10198-022-01548-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10198-022-01548-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10198-022-01548-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,27]],"date-time":"2023-09-27T14:09:20Z","timestamp":1695823760000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10198-022-01548-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,20]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}},"alternative-id":["1548"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10198-022-01548-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1618-7598","1618-7601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1618-7598","type":"print"},{"value":"1618-7601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 March 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 November 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 November 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}