{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T16:50:15Z","timestamp":1789145415073,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746748800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Rhythm Pharmaceuticals","award":["Rhythm Pharmaceuticals"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Rhythm Pharmaceuticals"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Health Econ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rapid and abnormal weight gain resulting in severe persistent obesity due to physical, tumor- and\/or treatment-related damage to the hypothalamus, is called acquired hypothalamic obesity (aHO), and is often linked to craniopharyngioma and\/or sellar\/suprasellar tumors. Here, we examine the healthcare resource use (HCRU) and costs of aHO following treatment of these tumors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used a retrospective matched cohort design with German statutory health insurance data on 5.42\u00a0million people from 2010 to 2021. We applied a novel three-step approach using diagnostic and prescription data to identify patients with treatment- or tumor-related (TTR)-aHO. We measured HCRU and costs across hospitalizations, outpatient visits, visits per specialist group, and outpatient prescription medications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared to non-HO obesity, TTR-aHO is associated with increased hospitalizations, increased outpatient physician visits, and increased prescription use in the two years after incident tumor surgery\/radiotherapy. Excess costs of TTR-aHO are \u20ac19,900 per patient in the first year and \u20ac10,700 in the second, driven by inpatient costs. Cost-intensive hormone replacement therapies like somatropin lead to a sharp increase in prescription costs in the second year.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides the first real-world analysis of TTR-aHO economics, emphasizing the importance of HCRU and costs for decision-making. Previously, economic evaluations have been missing due to the lack of a standard method to identify patients with aHO in retrospective studies. Using a new identification approach, the study reveals that TTR-aHO poses a significant burden in extensive treatment requirements for patients and high related costs for the healthcare system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-025-01786-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T00:13:10Z","timestamp":1746749590000},"page":"1557-1567","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Economics of hypothalamic obesity in patients with craniopharyngioma and other rare sellar\/suprasellar tumors"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2075-323X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julian","family":"Witte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6131-8983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Touchot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1655-0907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bastian","family":"Surmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6578-8319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kylie","family":"Braegelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8512-9097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathias","family":"Flume","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5877-5496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Beckhaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carsten","family":"Friedrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4929-9966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hermann L.","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1786_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2012.199","volume":"9","author":"VS Malik","year":"2013","unstructured":"Malik, V.S., Willett, W.C., Hu, F.B.: Global obesity: Trends, risk factors and policy implications. 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All other co-authors reviewed and approved the manuscript. Medical writing\/editing support was provided by Excerpta Medica, funded by Rhythm Pharmaceuticals.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Medical writing, editorial, and other assistance"}},{"value":"J.W. and M.B. own shares in Vandage GmbH. B.S. and K.B. are employed by Vandage. Vandage received funding from Rhythm pharmaceutical to perform the study related to this manuscript. Vandage received payments from Rhythm, Alexion, AstraZeneca, BMS, GSK, Janssen, Moderna, MSD, Pfizer, PTC Therapeutics, Sanofi Pasteur, Seqirus, Viatris and consulting fees and grants from AOK Rheinland\/Hamburg, BARMER, DAK-Gesundheit, German G-BA, and Techniker Krankenkasse. H.L.M. has received reimbursement of participation fees for scientific meetings and continuing medical education events from the following companies: Ferring, Lilly, Pfizer, Sandoz\/Hexal, Novo Nordisk, IPSEN, Rhythm, and Merck Serono; he has received reimbursement of travel expenses from IPSEN and lecture honoraria from Pfizer. N.T. is employed by Rhythm Pharmaceuticals. J.B. and C.F. have nothing to disclose.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosures"}}]}}