{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T20:51:56Z","timestamp":1791579116444,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Chongqing Municipal Science and Health Joint Medical Research Project","award":["2024MSXM068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024MSXM068"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Health Econ"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-026-01987-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T07:15:14Z","timestamp":1791530114000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Influenza disease burden investigation and cost-effectiveness analysis based on system dynamics model"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sijie","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"1987_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.12254","volume":"8","author":"MU Bhuiyan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bhuiyan, M. U., S. P. Luby, N. I. Alamgir, N. Homaira, A. A. Mamun, J. A. Khan, J. Abedin, K. Sturm-Ramirez, E. S. Gurley, R. U. Zaman, A. S. Alamgir, M. Rahman, M. A. Widdowson, and E. Azziz-Baumgartner. 2014. Economic burden of influenza-associated hospitalizations and outpatient visits in Bangladesh during 2010. Influenza and other respiratory viruses 8(4):406\u2013413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/irv.12254","journal-title":"Influenza and other respiratory viruses"},{"key":"1987_CR16","unstructured":"Chen, T.-M., R.-C. Liu, and X.-X. Zhang et al. 2015. Simulating the Effects of Intervention Strategies on the Epidemic of InfluenzaA(H1N1) Using Dynamic Model in Changsha City. Chinese Journal of Health Statistics, 32(2), 205\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/CNKI:SUN:ZGWT.0.2015-02-006"},{"issue":"01","key":"1987_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1672-2302.2016.01.002","volume":"14","author":"T Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen, T., J. Yang, and L.-J. Wang et al. 2016. Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in mainland China in 2015. Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology 14(01):3\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3969\/j.issn.1672-2302.2016.01.002","journal-title":"Journal of Tropical Diseases and Parasitology"},{"key":"1987_CR11","first-page":"443","volume-title":"Health Economics","author":"X-M Cheng","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cheng, X.-M. 2007. Health Economics. 2nd ed., 443\u2013453. Beijing: People\u2019s Medical Publishing House.","edition":"2nd ed."},{"key":"1987_CR30","unstructured":"Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. 2024. Technical guidelines for seasonal influenza vaccination in China,2023\u20132024. Chinese Journal of Viral Diseases. 14(1), 1\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.16505\/j.2095\u20130136.2024.1001"},{"key":"1987_CR20","unstructured":"Chongqing Municipal Bureau of Statistics. 2025. Statistical bulletin on national economic and social development of Chongqing in 2024. Available online:https:\/\/tjj.cq.gov.cn\/zwgk_233\/fdzdgknr\/tjxx\/sjzl_55471\/tjgb_55472\/202503\/t20250326_14443791.html. (accessed on 2 April 2026)."},{"issue":"6","key":"1987_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2022.2132802","volume":"18","author":"H Fang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fang, H., C. Chen, Y. Fang, X. He, Z. Hou, M. Jiang, Y. Jiang, S. Li, Y. Liu, B. Sui, Q. Sun, J. Wu, T. Xu, J. Yang, Z. Yin, X. Ying, B. Yuan, H. Zheng, and Y. Zheng. 2022. A guideline for economic evaluations of vaccines and immunization programs in China. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 18 (6): 2132802. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21645515.2022.2132802.","journal-title":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics"},{"issue":"8","key":"1987_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr6908a1","volume":"69","author":"LA Grohskopf","year":"2020","unstructured":"Grohskopf, L.A., E. Alyanak, K.R. Broder, L.H. Blanton, A.M. Fry, D.B. Jernigan, and R.L. Atmar. 2020. Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices - United States, 2020-21 influenza season. MMWR Recommendations and Reports 69 (8): 1\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15585\/mmwr.rr6908a1.","journal-title":"MMWR Recommendations and Reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"1987_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2009.11.009","volume":"38","author":"BY Lee","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lee, B.Y., S.T. Brown, P.C. Cooley, R.K. Zimmerman, W.D. Wheaton, S.M. Zimmer, J.J. Grefenstette, T.M. Assi, T.J. Furphy, D.K. Wagener, and D.S. Burke. 2010. A computer simulation of employee vaccination to mitigate an influenza epidemic. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 38 (3): 247\u2013257. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amepre.2009.11.009.","journal-title":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"1987_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1002-2694.2019.00.110","volume":"35","author":"W-J Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li, W.-J., and D.-Y. Wang. 2019. Research progress on the disease burden of influenza in China. Chinese Journal of Zoonoses 35(10):928\u2013933. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3969\/j.issn.1002-2694.2019.00.110","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Zoonoses"},{"key":"1987_CR26","unstructured":"Li, L., Y. Zhang, and X.-C. Dong et al. 2017. Analysis on epidemiological characteristics and evaluation on disease burden of confirmed influenzacases in Tianjin in 2015. Occupational and Health, 33(2), 216\u2013218. https:\/\/doi.org\/CNKI:SUN:ZYJK.0.2017-02-021"},{"issue":"6","key":"1987_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.3784\/j.issn.1003-9961.2019.06.013","volume":"34","author":"J Liang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liang, J., Q. Fang, and T.-M. Chen et al. 2019. Transmission dynamic of influenza B virus Yamagata lineage and assessment of infection control measures in schoolsin Shenzhen. Disease Surveillance 34(6):529\u2013535. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3784\/j.issn.1003-9961.2019.06.013","journal-title":"Disease Surveillance"},{"issue":"6","key":"1987_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-7909.2005.00136.x","volume":"26","author":"M Liu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Liu, M., G.-F. Liu, and y. Wang et al. 2005. Study on the effectiveness and cost-benefit of influenza vaccine on elderly population in Beijing city. Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 26(6):412\u2013416. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1744-7909.2005.00136.x","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Epidemiology"},{"issue":"10","key":"1987_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit060","volume":"56","author":"SE Ohmit","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ohmit, S.E., J.G. Petrie, R.E. Malosh, B.J. Cowling, M.G. Thompson, D.K. Shay, and A.S. Monto. 2013. Influenza vaccine effectiveness in the community and the household. Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 56 (10): 1363\u20131369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/cit060.","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America"},{"issue":"46","key":"1987_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.09.013","volume":"31","author":"SK Peasah","year":"2013","unstructured":"Peasah, S.K., E. Azziz-Baumgartner, J. Breese, et al. 2013. Influenza cost and cost-effectiveness studies globally-a review. Vaccine 31 (46): 5339\u20135348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2013.09.013.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"1987_CR15","unstructured":"Per capita disposable income of all residents - Chongqing Municipal Bureau of Statistics. n.d. Available online: https:\/\/tjj.cq.gov.cn\/zwgk_233\/fdzdgknr\/tjxx\/rdsj_55470\/202505\/t20250520_14640173.html (accessed on 2 April 2026)."},{"issue":"6","key":"1987_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.12.047","volume":"37","author":"K Prasert","year":"2019","unstructured":"Prasert, K., J. Patumanond, P. Praphasiri, S. Siriluk, D. Ditsungnoen, M. Chittaganpich, F. S. Dawood, J. A. Mott, and K. A. Lindblade. 2019. Effectiveness of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine among community-dwelling older adults in Thailand: A two-year prospective cohort study. Vaccine 37(6):783\u2013791. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.12.047","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"1987_CR5","unstructured":"Seasonal Influenza. 2026. Available online: https:\/\/www.who.int\/zh\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/influenza-(seasonal ) (accessed on 2)."},{"key":"1987_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-56","volume":"14","author":"ML Silva","year":"2010","unstructured":"Silva, M.L., L. Perrier, H.M. Spath, et al. 2010. Economic burden of seasonal influenza B in France during winter 2010\u20132011. BMC Public Health 14: 56. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2458-14-56.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"1987_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.04.063","author":"Mitchell P. Somes","year":"2018","unstructured":"Somes, Mitchell P.., et al. 2018. Estimating the annual attack rate of seasonal influenza among unvaccinated individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Vaccine. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.04.063.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"1987_CR14","unstructured":"Sun, L.-X. 2013. Random sampling design of multi-stage cluster sampling in whole network analysis. Statistics & Decision, (6), 24\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/CNKI:SUN:TJJC.0.2013-06-007"},{"issue":"7","key":"1987_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1003-0743.2012.07.011","volume":"31","author":"X-Y Tian","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tian, X.-Y., X.-J. Wang, and S.-Y. Zhang et al. 2012. Analysis of the Cost and its Related Factors of 183 Laboratory -confirmed Influenza A H1N1 Cases. Chinese Health Economics 31(7):34\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3969\/j.issn.1003-0743.2012.07.011","journal-title":"Chinese Health Economics"},{"issue":"1","key":"1987_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2015.01.007","volume":"36","author":"X-S Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang, X.-S., J.-H. Cai, and W.-L. Yao et al. 2015. Socio-economic impact of influenza in children: a single-centered hospital study in Shanghai. Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 36(1):27\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2015.01.007","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"1987_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wu, N.-J. 2004. Analysis of telephone survey on the incidence of influenza-like illness among urban residents in Guangzhou, South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2005, (5), 44\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3969\/j.issn.1671-5039.2005.05.016","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1671-5039.2005.05.016"},{"issue":"2","key":"1987_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.16835\/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.02.028","volume":"42","author":"Y-C Xu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xu, Y.-C., R.-Y. Zhang, and Z.-F. Zhou et al. 2021. Assessment of transmission capacity of influenza and effect evaluation of suspension measures in schools and nurseries. Chinese Journal of School Health 42(2):273\u2013276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.16835\/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.02.028","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of School Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"1987_CR19","first-page":"814","volume":"29","author":"Y-C Xu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xu, Y.-C., R.-Y. Zhang, and L. Cai et al. 2022. Assessment on effect of influenza vaccination and its health economicsin primary and middle school students. Practical Preventive Medicine 29(7):814\u2013817.","journal-title":"Practical Preventive Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"1987_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.06.029","volume":"39","author":"J Yu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yu, J., T. Zhang, and Y. Wang et al. 2018. Clinical characteristics and economic burden of influenza among children under 5 years old, in Suzhou, 2011\u20132017. Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 39(6):847\u2013851. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.06.029","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"1987_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang, J., W.-Z. Yang, and J.-Y. Guo et al. Epidemiologic characteristics of influenza in China, from 2001 to 2003. Chinese Journal of Epidemiology2004,25(6):464\u2013465. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.csr.2003.12.006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csr.2003.12.006"},{"issue":"1","key":"1987_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-56104-8","volume":"9","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zhang, Y., X. Wang, Y. Li, et al. 2005. Spatiotemporal analysis of influenza in China, 2005\u20132018. Scientific Reports 9 (1): 19650. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-56104-8.","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"6","key":"1987_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.19485\/j.cnki.issn2096-5087.2020.06.028","volume":"32","author":"W-J Zheng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zheng, W.-J., and F. He. 2020. Sample size estimate for cross-sectional study. Preventive Medicine 32(6):647\u2013648. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.19485\/j.cnki.issn2096-5087.2020.06.028","journal-title":"Preventive Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"1987_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063788","volume":"8","author":"L Zhou","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhou, L., S. Situ, T. Huang, S. Hu, X. Wang, X. Zhu, L. Gao, Z. Li, A. Feng, H. Jin, S. Wang, Q. Su, Z. Xu, and Z. Feng. 2013. Direct medical cost of influenza-related hospitalizations among severe acute respiratory infections cases in three provinces in China. PLoS One 8 (5): e63788. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0063788.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"10","key":"1987_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2019.10.017","volume":"53","author":"A-Q Zhu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhu, A.-Q., Y.-M. Zheng, and Y. Qin et al. 2019. SA systematic review of the economic burden of influenza in China. Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine 53(10):1043\u20131048. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2019.10.017","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine"}],"container-title":["The European Journal of Health Economics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10198-026-01987-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10198-026-01987-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10198-026-01987-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T20:18:39Z","timestamp":1791577119000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10198-026-01987-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["1987"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10198-026-01987-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1618-7598","1618-7601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1618-7598","type":"print"},{"value":"1618-7601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 August 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Chongqing Yuzhong District Center for Disease Control and Prevention (date of approval was October 20, 2023).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Institutional review board statement","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patients for the publication of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Informed consent","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}