{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T22:23:47Z","timestamp":1788387827105,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]],"date-time":"2025-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]],"date-time":"2025-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739577600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82170122"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82170122"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"High-Level Discipline Construction Project of Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University","award":["2024AZC4001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024AZC4001"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","award":["7252035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7252035"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Med"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-025-01570-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]],"date-time":"2025-02-15T12:42:52Z","timestamp":1739623372000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Assessing the effectiveness of etoposide treatment in adult haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Tiankuo","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dina","family":"Suolitiken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaofan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingbo","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yini","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"1570_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2465","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2018894618","volume":"133","author":"P La Ros\u00e9e","year":"2019","unstructured":"La Ros\u00e9e P, Horne A, Hines M, von Bahr GT, Machowicz R, Berliner N, et al. Recommendations for the management of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults. Blood. 2019;133:2465\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2018894618.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"1570_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2301","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-023-05153-1","volume":"102","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang Q, Zhu L, Zhou Li L, Xie W, Tan Y, et al. Risk factors and prognosis of early death in secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Ann Hematol. 2023;102:2301\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00277-023-05153-1.","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"1570_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61048-X","volume":"383","author":"M Ramos-Casals","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ramos-Casals M, Brito-Zer\u00f3n P, L\u00f3pez-Guillermo A, Khamashta MA, Bosch X. Adult haemophagocytic syndrome. Lancet. 2014;383:1503\u201316.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1570_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/bf00443367","volume":"140","author":"GE Janka","year":"1983","unstructured":"Janka GE. Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Eur J Pediatr. 1983;140:221\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf00443367.","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"1570_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2023022281","volume":"143","author":"S B\u00f6hm","year":"2024","unstructured":"B\u00f6hm S, Wustrau K, Pachlopnik Schmid J, Prader S, Ahlmann M, Yacobovich J, et al. Survival in primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, 2016 to 2021: etoposide is better than its reputation. Blood. 2024;143:872\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2023022281.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"1570_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4577","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-06-356261","volume":"118","author":"H Trottestam","year":"2011","unstructured":"Trottestam H, Horne A, Aric\u00f2 M, Egeler RM, Filipovich AH, Gadner H, et al. Chemoimmunotherapy for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: long-term results of the HLH-94 treatment protocol. Blood. 2011;118:4577\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2011-06-356261.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"1570_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2018.05.031","volume":"6","author":"S Ehl","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ehl S, Astigarraga I, von Bahr GT, Hines M, Horne A, Ishii E, et al. Recommendations for the use of etoposide-based therapy and bone marrow transplantation for the treatment of HLH: consensus statements by the HLH steering committee of the histiocyte society. J Allergy Clin Immunol-In Pract. 2018;6:1508\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaip.2018.05.031.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol-In Pract"},{"key":"1570_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s40164-022-00362-2","volume":"12","author":"TCE Zondag","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zondag TCE, Lika A, van Laar JAM. The role of etoposide in the treatment of adult patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Exp Hematol Oncol. 2023;12:2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40164-022-00362-2.","journal-title":"Exp Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"1570_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ (Clinical research ed). 2021;372:n71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.n71.","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical research ed)"},{"key":"1570_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.955523","volume":"13","author":"L He","year":"2022","unstructured":"He L, Yao S, Zhang R, Liu M, Hua Z, Zou H, et al. Macrophage activation syndrome in adults: characteristics, outcomes, and therapeutic effectiveness of etoposide-based regimen. Front Immunol. 2022;13: 955523. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.955523.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1570_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2817","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-022-06184-1","volume":"41","author":"R Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang R, Li T, Ye S, Lv L, Chen S, Wang X, et al. Short-term, low-dose etoposide in refractory adult-onset still\u2019s disease-associated macrophage activation syndrome. Clin Rheumatol. 2022;41:2817\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10067-022-06184-1.","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"1570_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-019-1033-5","volume":"14","author":"Y Song","year":"2019","unstructured":"Song Y, Wang Z, Hao Z, Li L, Lu J, Kang H, et al. Requirement for etoposide in the treatment of pregnancy related hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a multicenter retrospective study. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2019;14:50. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13023-019-1033-5.","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"key":"1570_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2023","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-016-2805-9","volume":"95","author":"J Jia","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jia J, Song Y, Lin N, Liu W, Ping L, Zheng W, et al. Clinical features and survival of extranodal natural killer\/T cell lymphoma with and without hemophagocytic syndrome. Ann Hematol. 2016;95:2023\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00277-016-2805-9.","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"1570_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2048","DOI":"10.3109\/10428194.2013.876629","volume":"55","author":"L Han","year":"2014","unstructured":"Han L, Li L, Wu J, Li X, Zhang L, Wang X, et al. Clinical features and treatment of natural killer\/T cell lymphoma associated with hemophagocytic syndrome: comparison with other T cell lymphoma associated with hemophagocytic syndrome. Leuk Lymphoma. 2014;55:2048\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/10428194.2013.876629.","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"key":"1570_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-014-0902-y","volume":"31","author":"F Li","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li F, Li P, Zhang R, Yang G, Ji D, Huang X, et al. Identification of clinical features of lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (LAHS): an analysis of 69 patients with hemophagocytic syndrome from a single-center in central region of China. Med Oncol. 2014;31:902. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12032-014-0902-y.","journal-title":"Med Oncol"},{"key":"1570_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-007-0278-6","volume":"86","author":"AR Han","year":"2007","unstructured":"Han AR, Lee HR, Park BB, Hwang IG, Park S, Lee SC, et al. Lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome: clinical features and treatment outcome. Ann Hematol. 2007;86:493\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00277-007-0278-6.","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"1570_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2728","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-06-788349","volume":"130","author":"E Bergsten","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bergsten E, Horne A, Aric\u00f3 M, Astigarraga I, Egeler RM, Filipovich AH, et al. Confirmed efficacy of etoposide and dexamethasone in HLH treatment: long-term results of the cooperative HLH-2004 study. Blood. 2017;130:2728\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2017-06-788349.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"1570_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-01-0172","volume":"100","author":"JI Henter","year":"2002","unstructured":"Henter JI, Samuelsson-Horne A, Aric\u00f2 M, Egeler RM, Elinder G, Filipovich AH, et al. Treatment of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with HLH-94 immunochemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation. Blood. 2002;100:2367\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2002-01-0172.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"1570_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1302282","volume":"192","author":"TS Johnson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Johnson TS, Terrell CE, Millen SH, Katz JD, Hildeman DA, Jordan MB. Etoposide selectively ablates activated T cells to control the immunoregulatory disorder hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. J Immunol. 2014;192:84\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1302282.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"1570_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1002\/mpo.10314","volume":"41","author":"S Imashuku","year":"2003","unstructured":"Imashuku S, Kuriyama K, Sakai R, Nakao Y, Masuda S, Yasuda N, et al. Treatment of Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) in young adults: a report from the HLH study center. Med Pediatr Oncol. 2003;41:103\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mpo.10314.","journal-title":"Med Pediatr Oncol"},{"key":"1570_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.15988","volume":"186","author":"Y Song","year":"2019","unstructured":"Song Y, Wang Y, Wang Z. Requirement for etoposide in the initial treatment of Epstein-Barr virus-associated haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Br J Haematol. 2019;186:717\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.15988.","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"1570_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.13102","volume":"168","author":"M Arca","year":"2015","unstructured":"Arca M, Fardet L, Galicier L, Rivi\u00e8re S, Marzac C, Aumont C, et al. Prognostic factors of early death in a cohort of 162 adult haemophagocytic syndrome: impact of triggering disease and early treatment with etoposide. Br J Haematol. 2015;168:63\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.13102.","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"1570_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1159\/000514920","volume":"144","author":"L Naymagon","year":"2021","unstructured":"Naymagon L, Tremblay D, Mascarenhas J. The efficacy of etoposide-based therapy in adult secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Acta Haematol. 2021;144:560\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000514920.","journal-title":"Acta Haematol"},{"key":"1570_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6704859","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6704859","volume":"2022","author":"R Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang R, Cui T, He L, Liu M, Hua Z, Wang Z, et al. A study on early death prognosis model in adult patients with secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. J Healthcare Eng. 2022;2022:6704859. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/6704859.","journal-title":"J Healthcare Eng"},{"key":"1570_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3229","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.30826","volume":"123","author":"N Daver","year":"2017","unstructured":"Daver N, McClain K, Allen CE, Parikh SA, Otrock Z, Rojas-Hernandez C, et al. A consensus review on malignancy-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults. Cancer. 2017;123:3229\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cncr.30826.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"1570_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3475","volume":"14","author":"KS Button","year":"2013","unstructured":"Button KS, Ioannidis JP, Mokrysz C, Nosek BA, Flint J, Robinson ES, et al. Power failure: why small sample size undermines the reliability of neuroscience. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2013;14:365\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn3475.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"1570_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Song Y, Wang Y, Wang J, Wang ZJB. Etoposide plays an important role in treatment of lymphoma associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. 2019;134:5341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2019-132119","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2019-132119"},{"key":"1570_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.15506","volume":"183","author":"C Bigenwald","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bigenwald C, Fardet L, Coppo P, Meignin V, Lazure T, Fabiani B, et al. A comprehensive analysis of Lymphoma-associated haemophagocytic syndrome in a large French multicentre cohort detects some clues to improve prognosis. British J Haematol. 2018;183:68\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.15506.","journal-title":"British J Haematol"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10238-025-01570-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10238-025-01570-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10238-025-01570-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T06:45:07Z","timestamp":1764917107000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10238-025-01570-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1570"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10238-025-01570-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1591-9528"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1591-9528","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 January 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 February 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}}],"article-number":"58"}}