{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T16:13:16Z","timestamp":1778775196530,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738627200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Health Committee Foundation of Jing'an District, Shanghai","award":["2021MS10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021MS10"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82070226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82070226"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Med"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-025-01571-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T14:50:33Z","timestamp":1738680633000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinicopathologic predictors of renal response and survival in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma with renal injury: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haotian","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haimin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenjun","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lixia","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nian","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenhao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daolin","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"1571_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.0003","volume":"327","author":"AJ Cowan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cowan AJ, Green DJ, Kwok M, et al. Diagnosis and management of multiple myeloma: a review. JAMA. 2022;327:464\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2022.0003.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1571_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00135-5","volume":"397","author":"N van de Donk","year":"2021","unstructured":"van de Donk N, Pawlyn C, Yong KL. Multiple myeloma. Lancet. 2021;397:410\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00135-5.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1571_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2019.01513","volume":"9","author":"S Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang S, Xu L, Feng J, et al. Prevalence and Incidence of multiple myeloma in urban area in China: a national population-based analysis. Front Oncol. 2019;9:1513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2019.01513.","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"1571_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdt483","volume":"25","author":"MA Dimopoulos","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dimopoulos MA, Delimpasi S, Katodritou E, et al. Significant improvement in the survival of patients with multiple myeloma presenting with severe renal impairment after the introduction of novel agents. Ann Oncol. 2014;25:195\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/annonc\/mdt483.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"1571_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgo.2017.09.007","volume":"9","author":"P Hari","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hari P, Romanus D, Luptakova K, et al. The impact of age and comorbidities on practice patterns and outcomes in patients with relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma in the era of novel therapies. J Geriatr Oncol. 2018;9:138\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jgo.2017.09.007.","journal-title":"J Geriatr Oncol"},{"key":"1571_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2019.05.010","volume":"19","author":"PJ Ho","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ho PJ, Moore EM, McQuilten ZK, et al. Renal impairment at diagnosis in myeloma: patient characteristics, treatment, and impact on outcomes. Results from the Australia and New Zealand Myeloma and related diseases registry. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2019;19:e415\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clml.2019.05.010.","journal-title":"Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk."},{"key":"1571_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.23057","volume":"34","author":"J Song","year":"2020","unstructured":"Song J, Jiang F, Liu H, et al. Effect factors related to a high probability of hemodialysis independence in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients requiring hemodialysis. J Clin Lab Anal. 2020;34: e23057. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcla.23057.","journal-title":"J Clin Lab Anal"},{"key":"1571_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.23416","volume":"34","author":"X Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen X, Luo X, Zu Y, et al. Severe renal impairment as an adverse prognostic factor for survival in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients. J Clin Lab Anal. 2020;34: e23416. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcla.23416.","journal-title":"J Clin Lab Anal"},{"key":"1571_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bcj.2015.20","volume":"5","author":"WI Gonsalves","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gonsalves WI, Leung N, Rajkumar SV, et al. Improvement in renal function and its impact on survival in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Blood Cancer J. 2015;5: e296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/bcj.2015.20.","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J"},{"key":"1571_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2020.1867725","volume":"62","author":"GR Mohyuddin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mohyuddin GR, Koehn K, Shune L, et al. Renal insufficiency in multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of all randomized trials from 2005\u20132019. Leuk Lymphoma. 2021;62:1386\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10428194.2020.1867725.","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"key":"1571_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-019-0706-9","volume":"12","author":"W Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu W, Liu J, Song Y, et al. Mortality of lymphoma and myeloma in China, 2004\u20132017: an observational study. J Hematol Oncol. 2019;12:22. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13045-019-0706-9.","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"1571_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bcj.2011.34","volume":"1","author":"M Kleber","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kleber M, Ihorst G, Terhorst M, et al. Comorbidity as a prognostic variable in multiple myeloma: comparative evaluation of common comorbidity scores and use of a novel MM-comorbidity score. Blood Cancer J. 2011;1: e35. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/bcj.2011.34.","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J"},{"key":"1571_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2015.1105202","volume":"32","author":"X Song","year":"2016","unstructured":"Song X, Cong Z, Wilson K. Real-world treatment patterns, comorbidities, and disease-related complications in patients with multiple myeloma in the United States. Curr Med Res Opin. 2016;32:95\u2013103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1185\/03007995.2015.1105202.","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"1571_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-018-0962-x","volume":"19","author":"P Yadav","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yadav P, Cockwell P, Cook M, et al. Serum free light chain levels and renal function at diagnosis in patients with multiple myeloma. BMC Nephrol. 2018;19:178. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12882-018-0962-x.","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"1571_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2010080857","volume":"22","author":"CA Hutchison","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hutchison CA, Cockwell P, Stringer S, et al. Early reduction of serum-free light chains associates with renal recovery in myeloma kidney. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011;22:1129\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1681\/ASN.2010080857.","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"1571_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2011.12.028","volume":"59","author":"SH Nasr","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nasr SH, Valeri AM, Sethi S, et al. Clinicopathologic correlations in multiple myeloma: a case series of 190 patients with kidney biopsies. Am J Kidney Dis. 2012;59:786\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.ajkd.2011.12.028.","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"1571_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1964","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.11161111","volume":"7","author":"N Leung","year":"2012","unstructured":"Leung N, Gertz M, Kyle RA, et al. Urinary albumin excretion patterns of patients with cast nephropathy and other monoclonal gammopathy-related kidney diseases. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2012;7:1964\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2215\/CJN.11161111.","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"1571_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bcj.2014.56","volume":"4","author":"H Sugihara","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sugihara H, Chihara D, Seike K, et al. Percentage of urinary albumin excretion and serum-free light-chain reduction are important determinants of renal response in myeloma patients with moderate to severe renal impairment. Blood Cancer J. 2014;4: e235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/bcj.2014.56.","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J"},{"key":"1571_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4460","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.3050","volume":"9","author":"H Kobayashi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kobayashi H, Terao T, Tsushima T, et al. Association between serum erythropoietin levels and renal reversibility in patients with renal impairment from multiple myeloma. Cancer Med. 2020;9:4460\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cam4.3050.","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"1571_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e538","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70442-5","volume":"15","author":"SV Rajkumar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rajkumar SV, Dimopoulos MA, Palumbo A, et al. International Myeloma Working Group updated criteria for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Lancet Oncol. 2014;15:e538\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70442-5.","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"1571_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.65.0044","volume":"34","author":"MA Dimopoulos","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dimopoulos MA, Sonneveld P, Leung N, et al. International myeloma working group recommendations for the diagnosis and management of myeloma-related renal impairment. J Clin Oncol. 2016;34:1544\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/JCO.2015.65.0044.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1571_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e293","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(23)00223-1","volume":"24","author":"MA Dimopoulos","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dimopoulos MA, Merlini G, Bridoux F, et al. Management of multiple myeloma-related renal impairment: recommendations from the International Myeloma Working Group. Lancet Oncol. 2023;24:e293\u2013311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1470-2045(23)00223-1.","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"1571_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1016\/s0895-4356(01)00341-9","volume":"54","author":"EW Steyerberg","year":"2001","unstructured":"Steyerberg EW, Harrell FE Jr, Borsboom GJ, et al. Internal validation of predictive models: efficiency of some procedures for logistic regression analysis. J Clin Epidemiol. 2001;54:774\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0895-4356(01)00341-9.","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"1571_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/795624","volume":"2014","author":"ML Huang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Huang ML, Hung YH, Lee WM, Li RK, Jiang BR. SVM-RFE based feature selection and Taguchi parameters optimization for multiclass SVM classifier. ScientificWorldJournal. 2014;2014: 795624. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/795624.","journal-title":"ScientificWorldJournal"},{"key":"1571_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2586","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280215601873","volume":"26","author":"I Barrio","year":"2017","unstructured":"Barrio I, Arostegui I, Rodriguez-Alvarez MX, Quintana JM. A new approach to categorising continuous variables in prediction models: proposal and validation. Stat Methods Med Res. 2017;26:2586\u2013602. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0962280215601873.","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res"},{"key":"1571_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/CCI.21.00055","volume":"6","author":"RB Basmadjian","year":"2022","unstructured":"Basmadjian RB, Kong S, Boyne DJ, et al. Developing a prediction model for pathologic complete response following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer: a comparison of model building approaches. JCO Clin Cancer Inform. 2022;6: e2100055. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/CCI.21.00055.","journal-title":"JCO Clin Cancer Inform"},{"key":"1571_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-020-01060-w","volume":"35","author":"J Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu J, Hu X, Jia Y, et al. Clinical features and survival outcomes in IgD myeloma: a study by Asia Myeloma Network (AMN). Leukemia. 2021;35:1797\u2013802. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41375-020-01060-w.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"1571_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.22888","volume":"33","author":"J Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen J, Liu H, Li L, et al. Clinical features and treatment outcome of elderly multiple myeloma patients with impaired renal function. J Clin Lab Anal. 2019;33: e22888. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcla.22888.","journal-title":"J Clin Lab Anal"},{"key":"1571_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2016.1236915","volume":"17","author":"M Gavriatopoulou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gavriatopoulou M, Terpos E, Kastritis E, Dimopoulos MA. Current treatments for renal failure due to multiple myeloma. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2016;17:2165\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14656566.2016.1236915.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"1571_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.1994.tb00190.x","volume":"53","author":"LM Knudsen","year":"1994","unstructured":"Knudsen LM, Hippe E, Hjorth M, Holmberg E, Westin J. Renal function in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma\u2013a demographic study of 1353 patients. The nordic myeloma study group. Eur J Haematol. 1994;53:207\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0609.1994.tb00190.x.","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol."},{"key":"1571_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-38129-7","volume":"9","author":"JC Walk","year":"2019","unstructured":"Walk JC, Ayati BP, Holstein SA. Modeling the effects of multiple myeloma on kidney function. Sci Rep. 2019;9:1726. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-38129-7.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1571_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R25","DOI":"10.1186\/cc12503","volume":"17","author":"K Kashani","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kashani K, Al-Khafaji A, Ardiles T, et al. Discovery and validation of cell cycle arrest biomarkers in human acute kidney injury. Crit Care. 2013;17:R25. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/cc12503.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"1571_CR33","first-page":"439","volume":"49","author":"Z Lai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lai Z, Kumar T, Zhao R, et al. Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance and its associated experimental models. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 2019;49:439\u201347.","journal-title":"Ann Clin Lab Sci"},{"key":"1571_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2020.102926","volume":"149","author":"C Zuo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zuo C, Zhu Y, Xu G. An update to the pathogenesis for monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2020;149: 102926. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2020.102926.","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"key":"1571_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfad022","volume":"16","author":"NR Terrades","year":"2023","unstructured":"Terrades NR, Senin A, Azancot MA, et al. Role of light chain clearance in the recovery of renal function in multiple myeloma: another point of view. Clin Kidney J. 2023;16:1014\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ckj\/sfad022.","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"1571_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2019.03.1616","volume":"494","author":"B Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang B, Li D, Gong Y, Ying B, Cheng B. Association of serum total and ionized calcium with all-cause mortality incritically ill patients with acute kidney injury. Clin Chim Acta. 2019;494:94\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cca.2019.03.1616.","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"1571_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12316","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-69405-0","volume":"10","author":"C Thongprayoon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Thongprayoon C, Cheungpasitporn W, Chewcharat A, et al. Impact of admission serum ionized calcium levels on risk of acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients. Sci Rep. 2020;10:12316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-69405-0.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"47","key":"1571_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1080\/21548331.2019.1568719","volume":"2019","author":"C Thongprayoon","year":"1995","unstructured":"Thongprayoon C, Cheungpasitporn W, Mao MA, Harrison AM, Erickson SB. Elevated admission serum calcium phosphate product as an independent risk factor for acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients. Hosp Pract. 1995;2019(47):73\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21548331.2019.1568719.","journal-title":"Hosp Pract"},{"key":"1571_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5456","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-05751-w","volume":"7","author":"J Wu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wu J, Qiu L, Cheng XQ, et al. Hyperuricemia and clustering of cardiovascular risk factors in the Chinese adult population. Sci Rep. 2017;7:5456. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-017-05751-w.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1571_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2011.08.009","volume":"31","author":"DH Kang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kang DH, Chen W. Uric acid and chronic kidney disease: new understanding of an old problem. Semin Nephrol. 2011;31:447\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2011.08.009.","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"1571_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000102008","volume":"156","author":"R Bellomo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bellomo R, Bagshaw S, Langenberg C, Ronco C. Pre-renal azotemia: a flawed paradigm in critically ill septic patients? Contrib Nephrol. 2007;156:1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000102008.","journal-title":"Contrib Nephrol"},{"key":"1571_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/872827","volume":"2014","author":"WF Rodrigues","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rodrigues WF, Miguel CB, Napimoga MH, Oliveira CJ, Lazo-Chica JE. Establishing standards for studying renal function in mice through measurements of body size-adjusted creatinine and urea levels. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014: 872827. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/872827.","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"1571_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.27968","volume":"83","author":"SH Shin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shin SH, Wendland MF, Zhang B, et al. Noninvasive imaging of renal urea handling by CEST-MRI. Magn Reson Med. 2020;83:1034\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mrm.27968.","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"1571_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.47460","volume":"15","author":"LM Almuhaysen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Almuhaysen LM, Alaa A. A study on renal failure management in patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma. Cureus. 2023;15: e47460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.47460.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"1571_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3528","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn112137-20240119-00138","volume":"104","author":"M Shi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shi M, Liu RR, Jin YY, et al. The prognosis and related factors impacting renal response in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients with renal impairment. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2024;104:3528\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3760\/cma.j.cn112137-20240119-00138.","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"1571_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2019003807","volume":"135","author":"V Royal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Royal V, Leung N, Troyanov S, et al. Clinicopathologic predictors of renal outcomes in light chain cast nephropathy: a multicenter retrospective study. Blood. 2020;135:1833\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2019003807.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"1571_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2311600","DOI":"10.1080\/16078454.2024.2311600","volume":"29","author":"LZ Rusing","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rusing LZ, Kozakowski N, Jeryczynski G, et al. Renal outcome in multiple myeloma patients with cast nephropathy: a retrospective analysis of potential predictive values on clinical and renal outcome. Hematology. 2024;29:2311600. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/16078454.2024.2311600.","journal-title":"Hematology"},{"key":"1571_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1159\/000506174","volume":"143","author":"H Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee H, Jimenez-Zepeda VH. The prognostic role of lactate dehydrogenase at first relapse of multiple myeloma. Acta Haematol. 2020;143:516\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000506174.","journal-title":"Acta Haematol"},{"key":"1571_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2863","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.61.2267","volume":"33","author":"A Palumbo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Palumbo A, Avet-Loiseau H, Oliva S, et al. Revised international staging system for multiple myeloma: a report from international myeloma working group. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33:2863\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/JCO.2015.61.2267.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1571_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3406","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.02614","volume":"40","author":"M D'Agostino","year":"2022","unstructured":"D\u2019Agostino M, Cairns DA, Lahuerta JJ, et al. Second revision of the international staging system (R2-ISS) for overall survival in multiple myeloma: a european myeloma network (EMN) report within the HARMONY project. J Clin Oncol. 2022;40:3406\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/JCO.21.02614.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1571_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2016.03.006","volume":"16","author":"TN Sergentanis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sergentanis TN, Kastritis E, Terpos E, Dimopoulos MA, Psaltopoulou T. Cytogenetics and survival of multiple myeloma: isolated and combined effects. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2016;16:335\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clml.2016.03.006.","journal-title":"Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk"},{"key":"1571_CR52","first-page":"735","volume":"22","author":"W Ling","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ling W, Yu W, Sun H, Lv M. Analysis of related risk factors and reversal value of renal injury in elderly patients with multiple myeloma. J BUON. 2017;22:735\u201340.","journal-title":"J BUON"},{"key":"1571_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-024-02012-1","volume":"29","author":"Z Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen Z, Xue X, Ma L, et al. Effect of low-purine diet on the serum uric acid of gout patients in different clinical subtypes: a prospective cohort study. Eur J Med Res. 2024;29:449. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40001-024-02012-1.","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"1571_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175731","volume":"949","author":"P Patel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Patel P, Patel S, Chudasama P, Soni S, Raval M. Roflumilast alleviates adenine-induced chronic kidney disease by regulating inflammatory biomarkers. Eur J Pharmacol. 2023;949: 175731. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175731.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10238-025-01571-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10238-025-01571-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10238-025-01571-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T06:52:42Z","timestamp":1764917562000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10238-025-01571-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1571"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10238-025-01571-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1591-9528"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1591-9528","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 January 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 February 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}},{"value":"The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Zhabei Central Hospital in Shanghai Jing\u2019an District (no. ZBLL2024101201001).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}],"article-number":"48"}}