{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T18:24:47Z","timestamp":1791224687510,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]],"date-time":"2025-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749254400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]],"date-time":"2025-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Project of Heilongjiang Provincial Health Commission","award":["No.20220303041084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No.20220303041084"]}]},{"name":"Excellent youth project of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University","award":["NO.HYDSYYXQN202005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NO.HYDSYYXQN202005"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Med"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-025-01649-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]],"date-time":"2025-06-07T04:26:35Z","timestamp":1749270395000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["CD44-downregulation in multiple myeloma inhibits cytoskeleton rearrangement through actin depolymerization"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Zhenkui","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yutong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyan","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"1649_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-011-0917-5","volume":"94","author":"T Hideshima","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hideshima T, Anderson KC. Novel therapies in MM: from the aspect of preclinical studies. Int J Hematol. 2011;94(4):344\u201354.","journal-title":"Int J Hematol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1649_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI129205","volume":"130","author":"SA Minnie","year":"2020","unstructured":"Minnie SA, Hill GR. Immunotherapy of multiple myeloma. J Clin Investig. 2020;130(4):1565\u201375.","journal-title":"J Clin Investig"},{"key":"1649_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2016.02.013","volume":"28","author":"S Gooding","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gooding S, Edwards CM. New approaches to targeting the bone marrow microenvironment in multiple myeloma. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2016;28:43\u20139.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"11","key":"1649_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8975","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol29110705","volume":"29","author":"M Ho","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ho M, Xiao A, Yi D, et al. Treating multiple myeloma in the context of the bone marrow microenvironment. Curr Oncol. 2022;29(11):8975\u20139005.","journal-title":"Curr Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1649_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2528","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V96.7.2528","volume":"96","author":"M B\u00f8rset","year":"2000","unstructured":"B\u00f8rset M, Hjertner \u00d8, Yaccoby S, et al. Syndecan-1 is targeted to the uropods of polarized myeloma cells where it promotes adhesion and sequesters heparin-binding proteins. Blood. 2000;96(7):2528\u201336.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"3","key":"1649_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-04-276410","volume":"116","author":"FW Luscinskas","year":"2010","unstructured":"Luscinskas FW. Neutrophil CD44 rafts and rolls. Blood. 2010;116(3):314\u20135.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"3","key":"1649_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81280-5","volume":"84","author":"DA Lauffenburger","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lauffenburger DA, Horwitz AF. Cell migration: a physically integrated molecular process. Cell. 1996;84(3):359\u201369.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"12","key":"1649_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2004.tb03179.x","volume":"95","author":"O Nagano","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nagano O, Saya H. Mechanism and biological significance of CD44 cleavage. Cancer Sci. 2004;95(12):930\u20135.","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"issue":"20","key":"1649_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14026","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M507734200","volume":"281","author":"LYW Bourguignon","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bourguignon LYW, Gilad E, Brightman A, et al. Hyaluronan-CD44 interaction with leukemia-associated RhoGEF and epidermal growth factor receptor promotes Rho\/Ras Co-activation, phospholipase C\u03f5-Ca2+ signaling, and cytoskeleton modification in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. J Biol Chem. 2006;281(20):14026\u201340.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"3","key":"1649_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.3.1829","volume":"275","author":"LYW Bourguignon","year":"2000","unstructured":"Bourguignon LYW, Zhu H, Shao L, et al. CD44 interaction with Tiam1 promotes Rac1 signaling and hyaluronic acid-mediated breast tumor cell migration. J Biol Chem. 2000;275(3):1829\u201338.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"1","key":"1649_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2022.2049458","volume":"11","author":"X Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang X, Sun Q, Li J, et al. Molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae in China. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2022;11(1):841\u20139.","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"key":"1649_CR12","first-page":"235","volume":"6","author":"M Zoeller","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zoeller M. CD44, hyaluronan, the hematopoietic stem cell, and leukemia-initiating cells. Front Immunol. 2015;6:235.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"9","key":"1649_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2003.013755","volume":"57","author":"AM Gilbey","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gilbey AM, Burnett D, Coleman RE, et al. The detection of circulating breast cancer cells in blood. J Clin Pathol. 2004;57(9):903\u201311.","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"1649_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V85.2.487.487","volume":"85","author":"MM Kawano","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kawano MM, Mihara K, Huang N, et al. Differentiation of early plasma cells on bone marrow stromal cells requires interleukin-6 for escaping from apoptosis. Blood. 1995;85(2):487\u201394.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"2","key":"1649_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2003.04282.x","volume":"121","author":"T Vincent","year":"2003","unstructured":"Vincent T, Molina L, Espert L, et al. Hyaluronan, a major non-protein glycosaminoglycan component of the extracellular matrix in human bone marrow, mediates dexamethasone resistance in multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol. 2003;121(2):259\u201369.","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1649_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1391","volume":"4","author":"BP Toole","year":"2004","unstructured":"Toole BP. Hyaluronan: from extracellular glue to pericellular cue. Nat Rev Cancer. 2004;4(7):528\u201339.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"9","key":"1649_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2015-0048","volume":"4","author":"Y Yan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yan Y, Zuo X, Wei D. Concise review: emerging role of CD44 in cancer stem cells: a promising biomarker and therapeutic target. Stem Cells Transl Med. 2015;4(9):1033\u201343.","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1649_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1080\/10717544.2016.1228713","volume":"24","author":"H Yan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yan H, Song J, Jia X, et al. Hyaluronic acid-modified didecyldimethylammonium bromide\/d-a-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate mixed micelles for delivery of baohuoside I against non-small cell lung cancer: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Drug Deliv. 2017;24(1):30\u20139.","journal-title":"Drug Deliv"},{"key":"1649_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2004.00199.x","volume":"202","author":"MJ Smyth","year":"2004","unstructured":"Smyth MJ, Cretney E, Kershaw MH, et al. Cytokines in cancer immunity and immunotherapy. Immunol Rev. 2004;202:275\u201393.","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"1649_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/528690","volume":"2012","author":"Z Zhu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhu Z, Shen Z, Xu C. Inflammatory pathways as promising targets to increase chemotherapy response in bladder cancer. Mediat Inflamm. 2012;2012:1\u201311.","journal-title":"Mediat Inflamm"},{"issue":"2","key":"1649_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2006.03.020","volume":"190","author":"D H\u00e4gg","year":"2007","unstructured":"H\u00e4gg D, Sj\u00f6berg S, Hult\u00e9n LM, et al. Augmented levels of CD44 in macrophages from atherosclerotic subjects: a possible IL-6-CD44 feedback loop? Atherosclerosis. 2007;190(2):291\u20137.","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"4","key":"1649_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.15121","volume":"181","author":"C Varga","year":"2018","unstructured":"Varga C, Maglio M, Ghobrial IM, et al. Current use of monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol. 2018;181(4):447\u201359.","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"1649_CR23","unstructured":"B\u00fcrger H, Kemming D, Helms M, et al. Expression of early placenta insulin-like growth factor (EPIL) in breast cancer cells provides an autocrine loop with enhancement of predominantly HER-2-related invasivity. Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol. 2005;89:201\u20136."},{"issue":"9","key":"1649_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.297","volume":"2","author":"ED Hawkins","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hawkins ED, Hommel M, Turner ML, et al. Measuring lymphocyte proliferation, survival and differentiation using CFSE time-series data. Nat Protoc. 2007;2(9):2057\u201367.","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"issue":"11","key":"1649_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.22406","volume":"55","author":"J Kong","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kong J, Whelan KA, Laczk\u00f3 D, et al. Autophagy levels are elevated in barrett\u2019s esophagus and promote cell survival from acid and oxidative stress. Mol Carcinog. 2015;55(11):1526\u201341.","journal-title":"Mol Carcinog"},{"issue":"4","key":"1649_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2008.03.007","volume":"18","author":"LYW Bourguignon","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bourguignon LYW. Hyaluronan-mediated CD44 activation of RhoGTPase signaling and cytoskeleton function promotes tumor progression. Semin Cancer Biol. 2008;18(4):251\u20139.","journal-title":"Semin Cancer Biol"},{"issue":"Pt 6","key":"1649_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.114.6.1169","volume":"114","author":"N F\u00f6ger","year":"2001","unstructured":"F\u00f6ger N, Marhaba R, Z\u00f6ller M. Involvement of CD44 in cytoskeleton rearrangement and raft reorganization in T cells. J Cell Sci. 2001;114(Pt 6):1169\u201378.","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"1649_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2011.481","volume":"31","author":"FD Tsai","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tsai FD, Philips MR. Rac1 gets fattier. EMBO J. 2012;31(3):517\u20138.","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"issue":"18","key":"1649_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14728","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M003965200","volume":"276","author":"T Vincent","year":"2001","unstructured":"Vincent T, Jourdan M, Sy MS, et al. Hyaluronic acid induces survival and proliferation of human myeloma cells through an interleukin-6-mediated pathway involving the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein. J Biol Chem. 2001;276(18):14728\u201336.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"17","key":"1649_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1731","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1402383111","volume":"111","author":"M Veiseh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Veiseh M, Kwon DH, Borowsky AD, et al. Cellular heterogeneity profiling by hyaluronan probes reveals an invasive but slow-growing breast tumor subset. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2014;111(17):E1731\u20139.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"1649_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2010.11.017","volume":"317","author":"RK Sironen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sironen RK, Tammi M, Tammi R, et al. Hyaluronan in human malignancies. Exp Cell Res. 2011;317(4):383\u201391.","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"1649_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2005.01.007","volume":"231","author":"P Alstergren","year":"2004","unstructured":"Alstergren P, Zhu B, Glougauer M, et al. Polarization and directed migration of murine neutrophils is dependent on cell surface expression of CD44. Cell Immunol. 2004;231(1\u20132):146\u201357.","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"1649_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2403333","volume":"18","author":"T Vincent","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vincent T, Mechti N. IL-6 regulates CD44 cell surface expression on human myeloma cells. Leukemia. 2004;18(5):967\u201375.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"2","key":"1649_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2004.10.002","volume":"303","author":"KL Brown","year":"2005","unstructured":"Brown KL, Birkenhead D, Lai JCY, et al. Regulation of hyaluronan binding by F-actin and colocalization of CD44 and phosphorylated ezrin\/radixin\/moesin (ERM) proteins in myeloid cells. Exp Cell Res. 2005;303(2):400\u201314.","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"1649_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.148.6.1159","volume":"148","author":"S Oliferenko","year":"2000","unstructured":"Oliferenko S, Kaverina I, Small JV, et al. Hyaluronic acid (HA) binding to CD44 activates Rac1 and induces lamellipodia outgrowth. J Cell Biol. 2000;148(6):1159\u201364.","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"issue":"33","key":"1649_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20685","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.33.20685","volume":"273","author":"DJG Mackay","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mackay DJG, Hall A. Rho GTPases. J Biol Chem. 1998;273(33):20685\u20138.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"17","key":"1649_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13366","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.24351","volume":"9","author":"L Rao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rao L, De Veirman K, Giannico D, et al. Targeting angiogenesis in multiple myeloma by the VEGF and HGF blocking DARPin(\u00ae) protein MP0250: a preclinical study. Oncotarget. 2018;9(17):13366\u201381.","journal-title":"Oncotarget"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10238-025-01649-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10238-025-01649-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10238-025-01649-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T06:50:07Z","timestamp":1764917407000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10238-025-01649-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1649"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10238-025-01649-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1591-9528"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1591-9528","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 January 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 March 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 June 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"190"}}