{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T04:17:31Z","timestamp":1783829851722,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":110,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764892800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"VinUniversity","award":["VUNI.2021.SG15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VUNI.2021.SG15"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Med"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-025-01862-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T12:34:32Z","timestamp":1764938072000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Molecular analysis of immune cell subsets and cytokine profiles in septic Vietnamese patients"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Chien Dinh","family":"Huynh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phuong Minh","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trung Dinh","family":"Ngo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hung Xuan","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tu Dac","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hien Thi","family":"Mai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huyen Thi","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duy Mai","family":"Hoang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linh Khac","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan Khoi","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoang Viet","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith W.","family":"Kelley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1862_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.3390\/epidemiologia5030032","volume":"5","author":"L La Via","year":"2024","unstructured":"La Via L, Sangiorgio G, Stefani S, Marino A, Nunnari G, Cocuzza S, et al. The global burden of sepsis and septic shock. Epidemiologia. 2024;5(3):456\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/epidemiologia5030032.","journal-title":"Epidemiologia"},{"key":"1862_CR2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO calls for global action on sepsis-cause of 1 in 5 deaths worldwide. 2020. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\/item\/08-09-2020-who-calls-for-global-action-on-sepsis---cause-of-1-in-5-deaths-worldwide."},{"issue":"3","key":"1862_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.12.007","volume":"30","author":"V Trivedi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Trivedi V, Bavishi C, Jean R. Impact of obesity on sepsis mortality: a systematic review. J Crit Care. 2015;30(3):518\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrc.2014.12.007.","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"1862_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-018-2157-z","volume":"22","author":"KE Rudd","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rudd KE, Kissoon N, Limmathurotsakul D, Bory S, Mutahunga B, Seymour CW, et al. The global burden of sepsis: barriers and potential solutions. Crit Care. 2018;22(1):232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-018-2157-z.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"1862_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-023-01825-w","volume":"73","author":"X Lu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lu X, Song CY, Wang P, Li L, Lin LY, Jiang S, et al. The clinical trajectory of peripheral blood immune cell subsets, T-cell activation, and cytokines in septic patients. Inflamm Res. 2024;73(1):145\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00011-023-01825-w.","journal-title":"Inflamm Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"1862_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-016-0970-x","volume":"65","author":"C Bhan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bhan C, Dipankar P, Chakraborty P, Sarangi PP. Role of cellular events in the pathophysiology of sepsis. Inflamm Res. 2016; 65(11):853\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00011-016-0970-x.","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"1862_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-023-04762-6","volume":"27","author":"C Bode","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bode C, Weis S, Sauer A, Wendel-Garcia P, David S. Targeting the host response in sepsis: current approaches and future evidence. Crit Care. 2023;27(1):478. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-023-04762-6.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"1862_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1287415","volume":"15","author":"G Tang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tang G, Luo Y, Song H, Liu W, Huang Y, Wang X, et al. The immune landscape of sepsis and using immune clusters for identifying sepsis endotypes. Front Immunol. 2024;15:1287415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1287415.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"9","key":"1862_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5771","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.9.5771","volume":"180","author":"KN Couper","year":"2008","unstructured":"Couper KN, Blount DG, Riley EM. IL-10: the master regulator of immunity to infection. J Immunol. 2008;180(9):5771\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.180.9.5771.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"1862_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3967","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S426007","volume":"16","author":"X Fu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fu X, Liu Z, Wang Y. Advances in the study of immunosuppressive mechanisms in sepsis. J Inflamm Res. 2023;16:3967\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/JIR.S426007.","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"1862_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.628302","volume":"8","author":"D Jarczak","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jarczak D, Kluge S, Nierhaus A. Sepsis-pathophysiology and therapeutic concepts. Front Med Lausanne. 2021;8:628302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmed.2021.628302.","journal-title":"Front Med Lausanne"},{"issue":"1","key":"1862_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-024-05032-9","volume":"28","author":"JF Llitjos","year":"2024","unstructured":"Llitjos JF, Carrol ED, Osuchowski MF, Bonneville M, Scicluna BP, Payen D, et al. Enhancing sepsis biomarker development: key considerations from public and private perspectives. Crit Care. 2024;28(1):238. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-024-05032-9.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"1862_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13050439","volume":"13","author":"E Santacroce","year":"2024","unstructured":"Santacroce E, D\u2019Angerio M, Ciobanu AL, Masini L, Lo Tartaro D, Coloretti I, et al. Advances and challenges in sepsis management: modern tools and future directions. Cells. 2024;13(5):439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells13050439.","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"1862_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1101918","volume":"14","author":"F Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang F, Cui Y, He D, Gong L, Liang H. Natural killer cells in sepsis: Friends or foes? Front Immunol. 2023;14:1101918. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1101918.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1862_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2025.105586","volume":"113","author":"Y Luo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Luo Y, Gao J, Su X, Li H, Li Y, Qi W, et al. Unraveling the immunological landscape and gut microbiome in sepsis: a comprehensive approach to diagnosis and prognosis. E BioMedicine. 2025;113:105586. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ebiom.2025.105586.","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"1862_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.54275","volume":"16","author":"H Reddy","year":"2024","unstructured":"Reddy H, Javvaji CK, Malali S, Kumar S, Acharya S, Toshniwal S. Navigating the cytokine storm: a comprehensive review of chemokines and cytokines in sepsis. Cureus. 2024;16(2):e54275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.54275.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"10","key":"1862_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(06)70601-6","volume":"6","author":"D Burgner","year":"2006","unstructured":"Burgner D, Jamieson SE, Blackwell JM. Genetic susceptibility to infectious diseases: Big is beautiful, but will bigger be even better? Lancet Infect Dis. 2006;6(10):653\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1473-3099(06)70601-6.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"1862_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2025.e41836","volume":"11","author":"KHH Nguyen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Nguyen KHH, Le NV, Nguyen PH, Nguyen HHT, Hoang DM, Huynh CD. Human immune system: exploring diversity across individuals and populations. Heliyon. 2025;11(2):e41836. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2025.e41836.","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"8","key":"1862_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0287","volume":"315","author":"M Singer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, Shankar-Hari M, Annane D, Bauer M, et al. The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA. 2016;315(8):801\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2016.0287.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1862_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e30647","author":"DC Huynh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huynh DC, Nguyen MP, Ngo DT, Nguyen XH, Nguyen DT, Mai TH, Le TH, Hoang MD, Le KL, Nguyen KQ, Nguyen VH, Keith W. Kelley. A comprehensive analysis of the immune system in healthy Vietnamese people. Heliyon. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e30647.","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"1862_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S234122","author":"J Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang J, Zhou J, Bai S. Combination of glutamine and ulinastatin treatments greatly improves sepsis outcomes. J Inflamm Res. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/JIR.S234122.","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"1862_CR22","unstructured":"Zhang, Z, et al, Effects of Shenqi Fuzheng injection on immune function in patients with sepsis\/ \u4e2d\u56fd\u4e2d\u897f\u533b\u7ed3\u5408\u6025\u6551\u6742\u5fd7  . Chinese J Integr Tradit West Med Intensive Crit Care. 2015;(6): 276\u2013280."},{"issue":"12","key":"1862_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0691.2000.00175.x","volume":"6","author":"M Holub","year":"2000","unstructured":"Holub M, et al. Changes in lymphocyte subpopulations and CD3+\/DR+ expression in sepsis. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2000;6(12):657\u201360.","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"3","key":"1862_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-014-0063-3","volume":"38","author":"J Li","year":"2015","unstructured":"Li J, Li M, Su L, Wang H, Xiao K, Deng J, et al. Alterations of T helper lymphocyte subpopulations in sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock: a prospective observational study. Inflammation. 2015;38(3):995\u20131002. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10753-014-0063-3.","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"issue":"10","key":"1862_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3988","DOI":"10.2741\/3506","volume":"14","author":"T Glaros","year":"2009","unstructured":"Glaros T, Larsen M, Li L. Macrophages and fibroblasts during inflammation, tissue damage and organ injury. Front Biosci. 2009;14(10):3988\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2741\/3506.","journal-title":"Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)"},{"issue":"10","key":"1862_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3765","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-06-1887","volume":"101","author":"WC Aird","year":"2003","unstructured":"Aird WC. The role of the endothelium in severe sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Blood. 2003;101(10):3765\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2002-06-1887.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"3","key":"1862_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70001-X","volume":"13","author":"RS Hotchkiss","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hotchkiss RS, Monneret G, Payen D. Immunosuppression in sepsis: a novel understanding of the disorder and a new therapeutic approach. Lancet Infect Dis. 2013;13(3):260\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70001-X.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"1862_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc10059","volume":"15","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Li J, Lou J, Zhou Y, Bo L, Zhu J, et al. Upregulation of programmed death-1 on T cells and programmed death ligand-1 on monocytes in septic shock patients. Crit Care. 2011;15(1):R70. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/cc10059.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"1862_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8030353","volume":"8","author":"P Hohlstein","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hohlstein P, Gussen H, Bartneck M, Warzecha KT, Roderburg C, Buendgens L, et al. Prognostic relevance of altered lymphocyte subpopulations in critical illness and sepsis. J Clin Med. 2019;8(3):353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm8030353.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"1862_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1323797","volume":"14","author":"Y Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen Y, Guo DZ, Zhu CL, Ren SC, Sun CY, Wang Y, et al. The implication of targeting PD-1:PD-L1 pathway in treating sepsis through immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory pathways. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1323797. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1323797.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1862_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI82224","volume":"126","author":"MJ Delano","year":"2016","unstructured":"Delano MJ, Ward PA. Sepsis-induced immune dysfunction: can immune therapies reduce mortality? J Clin Invest. 2016;126(1):23\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI82224.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"3","key":"1862_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25031902","volume":"25","author":"J Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang J, Zhu X, Feng J. The changes in the quantity of lymphocyte subpopulations during the process of sepsis. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25(3):1902. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25031902.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"1862_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-016-1525-4","volume":"186","author":"DS Heffernan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Heffernan DS, Monaghan SF, Ayala A. Lymphocyte integrin expression differences between SIRS and sepsis patients. Ir J Med Sci. 2017;186(4):981\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11845-016-1525-4.","journal-title":"Ir J Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1862_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12865-022-00528-x","volume":"23","author":"C Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang C, Xu H, Gao R, Leng F, Huo F, Li Y, et al. CD19+CD24hiCD38hi regulatory B cells deficiency revealed severity and poor prognosis in patients with sepsis. BMC Immunol. 2022;23(1):54. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12865-022-00528-x.","journal-title":"BMC Immunol"},{"key":"1862_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1034667","volume":"13","author":"C Ma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ma C, Liu H, Yang S, Li H, Liao X, Kang Y. The emerging roles and therapeutic potential of B cells in sepsis. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:1034667. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2022.1034667.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"8","key":"1862_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1673","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20101715","volume":"208","author":"KM Kelly-Scumpia","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kelly-Scumpia KM, Scumpia PO, Weinstein JS, Delano MJ, Cuenca AG, Nacionales DC, et al. B cells enhance early innate immune responses during bacterial sepsis. J Exp Med. 2011;208(8):1673\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.20101715.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"1862_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000001478","volume":"54","author":"S Duan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Duan S, Jiao Y, Wang J, Tang D, Xu S, Wang R, et al. Impaired B-cell maturation contributes to reduced B cell numbers and poor prognosis in sepsis. Shock. 2020;54(1):70\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SHK.0000000000001478.","journal-title":"Shock"},{"issue":"5","key":"1862_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003685","volume":"47","author":"RS Hotchkiss","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hotchkiss RS, Colston E, Yende S, Angus DC, Moldawer LL, Crouser ED, et al. Immune checkpoint inhibition in sepsis: a phase 1b randomized, placebo-controlled, single ascending dose study of antiprogrammed cell death-ligand 1 antibody (BMS-936559). Crit Care Med. 2019;47(5):632\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003685.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"1862_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V91.4.1362","volume":"91","author":"A Ayala","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ayala A, Xin XuY, Ayala CA, Sonefeld DE, Karr SM, Evans TA, et al. Increased mucosal B-lymphocyte apoptosis during polymicrobial sepsis is a Fas ligand but not an endotoxin-mediated process. Blood. 1998;91(4):1362\u201372.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"7","key":"1862_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199907000-00002","volume":"27","author":"RS Hotchkiss","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hotchkiss RS, Swanson PE, Freeman BD, Tinsley KW, Cobb JP, Matuschak GM, et al. Apoptotic cell death in patients with sepsis, shock, and multiple organ dysfunction. Crit Care Med. 1999;27(7):1230\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00003246-199907000-00002.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"1862_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5110","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.174.8.5110","volume":"174","author":"RS Hotchkiss","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hotchkiss RS, Osmon SB, Chang KC, Wagner TH, Coopersmith CM, Karl IE. Accelerated lymphocyte death in sepsis occurs by both the death receptor and mitochondrial pathways. J Immunol. 2005;174(8):5110\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.174.8.5110.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1862_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep36862","volume":"6","author":"LY Chang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chang LY, Li Y, Kaplan DE. Endotoxemia contributes to CD27+ memory B-cell apoptosis via enhanced sensitivity to Fas ligation in patients with cirrhosis. Sci Rep. 2016;6(1):36862. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep36862.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"1862_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01787","volume":"31","author":"AE Palm","year":"2019","unstructured":"Palm AE, Henry C. Remembrance of things past: long-term B cell memory after infection and vaccination. Front Immunol. 2019;31(10):1787. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01787.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1862_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000619","volume":"46","author":"K Suzuki","year":"2016","unstructured":"Suzuki K, Inoue S, Kametani Y, Komori Y, Chiba S, Sato T, et al. Reduced immunocompetent B cells and increased secondary infection in elderly patients with severe sepsis. Shock. 2016;46(3):270\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000619.","journal-title":"Shock"},{"issue":"4","key":"1862_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bj.2019.05.008","volume":"42","author":"S Fillatreau","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fillatreau S. Regulatory functions of B cells and regulatory plasma cells. Biomed J. 2019;42(4):233\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bj.2019.05.008.","journal-title":"Biomed J"},{"issue":"1","key":"1862_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01728-5","volume":"8","author":"Y Tian","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tian Y, Babor M, Lane J, Schulten V, Patil VS, Seumois G, et al. Unique phenotypes and clonal expansions of human CD4 effector memory T cells re-expressing CD45RA. Nat Commun. 2017;8(1):1473. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-017-01728-5.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"5","key":"1862_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.5MR0114-067R","volume":"96","author":"J Cabrera-Perez","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cabrera-Perez J, Condotta SA, Badovinac VP, Griffith TS. Impact of sepsis on CD4 T cell immunity. J Leukoc Biol. 2014;96(5):767\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1189\/jlb.5MR0114-067R.","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"issue":"10","key":"1862_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011720","volume":"19","author":"RR Berton","year":"2023","unstructured":"Berton RR, McGonagil PW, Jensen IJ, Ybarra TK, Bishop GA, Harty JT, et al. Sepsis leads to lasting changes in phenotype and function of na\u00efve CD8 T cells. PLoS Pathog. 2023;19(10):e1011720. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011720.","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"10","key":"1862_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0224276","volume":"14","author":"JD Coakley","year":"2019","unstructured":"Coakley JD, Breen EP, Moreno-Olivera A, Al-Harbi AI, Melo AM, O\u2019Connell B, et al. Dysregulated T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th17 responses in elderly hospitalised patients with infection and sepsis. Plos One. 2019;14(10):e0224276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0224276.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"11","key":"1862_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4301","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1601463","volume":"197","author":"RK Strother","year":"2016","unstructured":"Strother RK, Danahy DB, Kotov DI, Kucaba TA, Zacharias ZR, Griffith TS, et al. Polymicrobial sepsis diminishes dendritic cell numbers and function directly contributing to impaired primary CD8 T cell responses in vivo. J Immunol. 2016;197(11):4301\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1601463.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1862_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa225","volume":"222","author":"BJ Gaborit","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gaborit BJ, Roquilly A, Louvet C, Sadek A, Tessoulin B, Broquet A, et al. Regulatory T cells expressing tumor necrosis factor receptor type 2 play a major role in CD4+ T-cell impairment during sepsis. J Infect Dis. 2020;222(7):1222\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa225.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"14","key":"1862_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458514536252","volume":"20","author":"MP Pender","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pender MP, Csurhes PA, Pfluger CM, Burrows SR. Deficiency of CD8+ effector memory T cells is an early and persistent feature of multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler. 2014;20(14):1825\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1352458514536252.","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"issue":"2","key":"1862_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0211716","volume":"14","author":"C Ammer-Herrmenau","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ammer-Herrmenau C, Kulkarni U, Andreas N, Ungelenk M, Ravens S, H\u00fcbner C, et al. Sepsis induces long-lasting impairments in CD4+ T-cell responses despite rapid numerical recovery of T-lymphocyte populations. Plos One. 2019;14(2):e0211716. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0211716.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1862_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00579","volume":"7","author":"X Lu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lu X, Su B, Xia H, Zhang X, Liu Z, Ji Y, et al. Low double-negative CD3+CD4-CD8- T cells are associated with incomplete restoration of CD4+ T cells and higher immune activation in HIV-1 immunological non-responders. Front Immunol. 2016;7:579. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00579.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1862_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.816005","volume":"13","author":"Z Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu Z, Zheng Y, Sheng J, Han Y, Yang Y, Pan H, et al. CD3+CD4-CD8- (Double-Negative) T cells in inflammation, immune disorders and cancer. Front Immunol. 2022;13:816005. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.816005.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1862_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.5847\/wjem.j.1920-8642.2015.01.001","volume":"6","author":"C Cao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cao C, Ma T, Chai YF, Shou ST. The role of regulatory T cells in immune dysfunction during sepsis. World J Emerg Med. 2015;6(1):5\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5847\/wjem.j.1920-8642.2015.01.001.","journal-title":"World J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"1862_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1186\/cc12700","volume":"17","author":"F Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes","year":"2013","unstructured":"Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes F, Cavaillon JM, Adib-Conquy M. Bench-to-bedside review: Natural killer cells in sepsis\u2014guilty or not guilty? Crit Care. 2013;17(4):235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/cc12700.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"1862_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065413","volume":"8","author":"K Radulovic","year":"2013","unstructured":"Radulovic K, Rossini V, Manta C, Holzmann K, Kestler HA, Niess JH. The early activation marker CD69 regulates the expression of chemokines and CD4 T cell accumulation in intestine. Plos One. 2013;8(6):e65413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0065413.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"14","key":"1862_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6464","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00550-16","volume":"90","author":"L Notario","year":"2016","unstructured":"Notario L, Alari-Pahissa E, de Molina A, Lauzurica P. CD69 deficiency enhances the host response to Vaccinia virus infection through altered NK cell homeostasis. J Virol. 2016;90(14):6464\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JVI.00550-16.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"7","key":"1862_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11071011","volume":"11","author":"C Nedeva","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nedeva C. Inflammation and cell death of the innate and adaptive immune system during sepsis. Biomolecules. 2021;11(7):1011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom11071011.","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"4","key":"1862_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000001650","volume":"55","author":"DG Goswami","year":"2021","unstructured":"Goswami DG, Garcia LF, Dodoo C, Dwivedi AK, Zhou Y, Pappas D, et al. Evaluating the timeliness and specificity of CD69, CD64, and CD25 as biomarkers of sepsis in mice. Shock. 2021;55(4):507\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SHK.0000000000001650.","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"1862_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.829210","volume":"13","author":"YL Gao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gao YL, Yao Y, Zhang X, Chen F, Meng XL, Chen XS, et al. Regulatory t cells: Angels or demons in the pathophysiology of sepsis? Front Immunol. 2022;13:829210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.829210.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1862_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153765","volume":"11","author":"C Roderburg","year":"2016","unstructured":"Roderburg C, Benz F, Sch\u00fcller F, Pombeiro I, Hippe HJ, Frey N, et al. Serum levels of TNF receptor ligands are dysregulated in sepsis and predict mortality in critically ill patients. Plos One. 2016;11(4):e0153765. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0153765.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"10","key":"1862_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3673","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-04-087171","volume":"110","author":"PO Scumpia","year":"2007","unstructured":"Scumpia PO, Delano MJ, Kelly-Scumpia KM, Weinstein JS, Wynn JL, Winfield RD, et al. Treatment with GITR agonistic antibody corrects adaptive immune dysfunction in sepsis. Blood. 2007;110(10):3673\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2007-04-087171.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"1862_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1002\/JLB.4A0818-313RR","volume":"107","author":"T Feng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Feng T, Liao X, Yang X, Yang C, Lin F, Guo Y, et al. A shift toward inhibitory receptors and impaired effector functions on NK cells contribute to immunosuppression during sepsis. J Leukoc Biol. 2020;107(1):57\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/JLB.4A0818-313RR.","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1862_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00005-023-00674-z","volume":"71","author":"J Siemaszko","year":"2023","unstructured":"Siemaszko J, Marzec-Przyszlak A, Bogunia-Kubik K. Activating NKG2C receptor: functional characteristics and current strategies in clinical applications. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 2023;71(1):9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00005-023-00674-z.","journal-title":"Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz)"},{"key":"1862_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2013.00422","volume":"4","author":"CM Nielsen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nielsen CM, White MJ, Goodier MR, Riley EM. Functional significance of CD57 expression on human NK cells and relevance to disease. Front Immunol. 2013;4:422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2013.00422.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1862_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-016-1803-z","volume":"65","author":"H Kared","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kared H, Martelli S, Ng TP, Pender SL, Larbi A. CD57 in human natural killer cells and T-lymphocytes. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2016;65(4):441\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00262-016-1803-z.","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Immunother"},{"issue":"3","key":"1862_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000857","volume":"48","author":"XL Liao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liao XL, Feng T, Zhang JQ, Cao X, Wu QH, Xie ZC, et al. Phenotypic changes and impaired function of peripheral \u03b3\u03b4 T cells in patients with sepsis. Shock. 2017;48(3):321\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000857.","journal-title":"Shock"},{"issue":"4","key":"1862_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12272","volume":"81","author":"AG Kjaergaard","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kjaergaard AG, Nielsen JS, T\u00f8nnesen E, Krog J. Expression of NK cell and monocyte receptors in critically ill patients: potential biomarkers of sepsis. Scand J Immunol. 2015;81(4):249\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/sji.12272.","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"1862_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.586195","volume":"12","author":"H Moins-Teisserenc","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moins-Teisserenc H, Cordeiro DJ, Audigier V, Ressaire Q, Benyamina M, Lambert J, et al. Severe altered immune status after burn injury is associated with bacterial infection and septic shock. Front Immunol. 2021;12:586195. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.586195.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1862_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2017.04.006","volume":"189","author":"V Jelen\u010di\u0107","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jelen\u010di\u0107 V, Lenarti\u0107 M, Wensveen FM, Poli\u0107 B. NKG2D: a versatile player in the immune system. Immunol Lett. 2017;189:48\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.imlet.2017.04.006.","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"issue":"4","key":"1862_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1600461","volume":"198","author":"M Lenarti\u0107","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lenarti\u0107 M, Jelen\u010di\u0107 V, Zafirova B, O\u017eani\u010d M, Mare\u010di\u0107 V, Jurkovi\u0107 S, et al. NKG2D promotes B1a cell development and protection against bacterial infection. J Immunol. 2017;198(4):1531\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1600461.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1862_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12516","volume":"146","author":"P Xiong","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xiong P, Sang HW, Zhu M. Critical roles of co-activation receptor DNAX accessory molecule-1 in natural killer cell immunity. Immunology. 2015;146(3):369\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/imm.12516.","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"1","key":"1862_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.03.006","volume":"11","author":"L Martinet","year":"2015","unstructured":"Martinet L, Ferrari De AL, Guillerey C, Lee JS, Liu J, Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes F, Hutchinson DS, Kolesnik TB, Nicholson SE, Huntington ND, Smyth MJ. DNAM-1 expression marks an alternative program of NK cell maturation. Cell Rep. 2015;11(1):85\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.03.006","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"1862_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00031","volume":"6","author":"NC Horton","year":"2015","unstructured":"Horton NC, Mathew PA. NKp44 and natural cytotoxicity receptors as damage-associated molecular pattern recognition receptors. Front Immunol. 2015;6:31. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00031.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1862_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.767530","volume":"13","author":"KH Mair","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mair KH, Crossman AJ, Wagner B, Babasyan S, Noronha L, Boyd P, et al. The natural cytotoxicity receptor NKp44 (NCR2, CD336) is expressed on the majority of porcine NK cells ex vivo without stimulation. Front Immunol. 2022;13:767530. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.767530.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1862_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01364","volume":"11","author":"MD Martin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Martin MD, Badovinac VP, Griffith TS. CD4 T cell responses and the sepsis-induced immunoparalysis state. Front Immunol. 2020;11:1364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01364.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1862_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1401711","volume":"194","author":"J Cabrera-Perez","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cabrera-Perez J, Condotta SA, James BR, Kashem SW, Brincks EL, Rai D, et al. Alterations in antigen-specific naive CD4 T cell precursors after sepsis impairs their responsiveness to pathogen challenge. J Immunol. 2015;194(4):1609\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1401711.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1862_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40779-022-00422-y","volume":"9","author":"D Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu D, Huang SY, Sun JH, Zhang HC, Cai QL, Gao C, et al. Sepsis-induced immunosuppression: mechanisms, diagnosis and current treatment options. Mil Med Res. 2022;9(1):56. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40779-022-00422-y.","journal-title":"Mil Med Res"},{"key":"1862_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.718089","volume":"12","author":"J Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen J, Wei H. Immune intervention in sepsis. Front Pharmacol. 2021;12:718089. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2021.718089.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"1862_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.891024","volume":"13","author":"RQ Yao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yao RQ, Ren C, Zheng LY, Xia ZF, Yao YM. Advances in immune monitoring approaches for sepsis-induced immunosuppression. Front Immunol. 2022;13:891024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.891024.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1862_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2013.121","volume":"74","author":"ES Halstead","year":"2013","unstructured":"Halstead ES, Carcillo JA, Schilling B, Greiner RJ, Whiteside TL. Reduced frequency of CD56 dim CD16 pos natural killer cells in pediatric systemic inflammatory response syndrome\/sepsis patients. Pediatr Res. 2013;74(4):427\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/pr.2013.121.","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"1862_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R206","DOI":"10.1186\/cc11838","volume":"16","author":"F Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes","year":"2012","unstructured":"Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes F, Parlato M, Philippart F, Misset B, Cavaillon JM, Adib-Conquy M, et al. Toll-like receptors expression and interferon-\u03b3 production by NK cells in human sepsis. Crit Care. 2012;16(5):R206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/cc11838.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"1862_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000001735","volume":"56","author":"X Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang X, Zhang Q, Yan Y, Yang Y, Shang X, Li Y. Clinical significance of pro-inflammatory cytokines and their correlation with disease severity and blood coagulation in septic patients with bacterial co-infection. Shock. 2021;56(3):396\u2013402. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SHK.0000000000001735.","journal-title":"Shock"},{"issue":"9","key":"1862_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7067","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-022-07103-5","volume":"30","author":"H Link","year":"2022","unstructured":"Link H. Current state and future opportunities in granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Support Care Cancer. 2022;30(9):7067\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00520-022-07103-5.","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"1862_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2021.101516","volume":"54","author":"KR Martin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Martin KR, Wong HL, Witko-Sarsat V, Wicks IP. G-CSF: a double edge sword in neutrophil mediated immunity. Semin Immunol. 2021;54:101516. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.smim.2021.101516.","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"1862_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"a016295","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a016295","volume":"6","author":"T Tanaka","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tanaka T, Narazaki M, Kishimoto T. IL-6 in inflammation, immunity, and disease. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2014;6(10):a016295. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/cshperspect.a016295.","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol"},{"key":"1862_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2016.08.033","volume":"88","author":"L Ma","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ma L, Zhang H, Yin YL, Guo WZ, Ma YQ, Wang YB, et al. Role of interleukin-6 to differentiate sepsis from non-infectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Cytokine. 2016;88:126\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cyto.2016.08.033.","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"issue":"1","key":"1862_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-32275-8","volume":"8","author":"H Matsumoto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Matsumoto H, Ogura H, Shimizu K, Ikeda M, Hirose T, Matsuura H, et al. The clinical importance of a cytokine network in the acute phase of sepsis. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):13995. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-32275-8.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"1862_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1556\/1646.2020.00006","volume":"11","author":"MC Vivas","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vivas MC, Villamarin Guerrero HF, Tascon AJ, Valderrama-Aguirre A. Plasma interleukin-6 levels correlate with survival in patients with bacterial sepsis and septic shock. Interv Med Appl Sci. 2021;11(4):224\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1556\/1646.2020.00006.","journal-title":"Interv Med Appl Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1862_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-79843-5","volume":"11","author":"J Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu J, Bai C, Li B, Shan A, Shi F, Yao C, et al. Mortality prediction using a novel combination of biomarkers in the first day of sepsis in intensive care units. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):1275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-79843-5.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"1862_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4349","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1203266","volume":"190","author":"S de Oliveira","year":"2013","unstructured":"de Oliveira S, Reyes-Aldasoro CC, Candel S, Renshaw SA, Mulero V, Calado A. Cxcl8 (IL-8) mediates neutrophil recruitment and behavior in the zebrafish inflammatory response. J Immunol. 2013;190(8):4349\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1203266.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"1862_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0110678","volume":"9","author":"SP Macdonald","year":"2014","unstructured":"Macdonald SP, Stone SF, Neil CL, van Eeden PE, Fatovich DM, Arendts G, et al. Sustained elevation of resistin, NGAL and IL-8 are associated with severe sepsis\/septic shock in the emergency department. Plos One. 2014;9(10):e110678. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0110678.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"1862_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2014.08.015","volume":"23","author":"JC Andreu-Ballester","year":"2014","unstructured":"Andreu-Ballester JC, Cuellar C, Garcia-Ballesteros C, P\u00e9rez-Griera J, Amig\u00f3 V, Peir\u00f3-G\u00f3mez A, et al. Deficit of interleukin 7 in septic patients. Int Immunopharmacol. 2014;23(1):73\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2014.08.015.","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"1862_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13690","volume":"170","author":"I Cosorich","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cosorich I, Filoni J, Di Dedda C, Ferrari A, Jofra T, Cesarano S, et al. Interleukin-7 improves the fitness of regulatory T cells for adoptive transfer. Immunology. 2023;170(4):540\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/imm.13690.","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"issue":"5","key":"1862_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R224","DOI":"10.1186\/cc10464","volume":"15","author":"HP Wu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wu HP, Shih CC, Lin CY, Hua CC, Chuang DY. Serial increase of IL-12 response and human leukocyte antigen-DR expression in severe sepsis survivors. Crit Care. 2011;15(5):R224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/cc10464.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"8","key":"1862_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4279","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.169.8.4279","volume":"169","author":"KB Nguyen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nguyen KB, Salazar-Mather TP, Dalod MY, Van Deusen JB, Wei XQ, Liew FY, et al. Coordinated and distinct roles for IFN-alpha beta, IL-12, and IL-15 regulation of NK cell responses to viral infection. J Immunol. 2002;169(8):4279\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.169.8.4279.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"1862_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crbiot.2023.100130","volume":"5","author":"S Madhurantakam","year":"2023","unstructured":"Madhurantakam S, et al. Importance of IP-10 as a biomarker of host immune response: critical perspective as a target for biosensing. Curr Res Biotechnol. 2023;5:100130.","journal-title":"Curr Res Biotechnol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1862_CR100","first-page":"669","volume":"27","author":"H Chaudhry","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chaudhry H, Zhou J, Zhong Y, Ali MM, McGuire F, Nagarkatti PS, et al. Role of cytokines as a double-edged sword in sepsis. In Vivo. 2013;27(6):669\u201384.","journal-title":"In Vivo"},{"key":"1862_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.00305","volume":"7","author":"R Troia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Troia R, Mascalzoni G, Agnoli C, Lalonde-Paul D, Giunti M, Goggs R. Cytokine and chemokine profiling in cats with sepsis and septic shock. Front Vet Sci. 2020;7:305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fvets.2020.00305.","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"1862_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/1089107","author":"DW Jekarl","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jekarl DW, Kim JY, Ha JH, Lee S, Yoo J, Kim M, et al. Diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis based on use of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Dis Markers. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/1089107.","journal-title":"Dis Markers"},{"key":"1862_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1201\/9780367812539-6","volume-title":"Chemoattractant Ligands and Their Receptors","author":"PJ Nelson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nelson PJ, Pattison JM, Krensky AM. Biology, biochemistry and pathophysiology of the RANTES chemokine. In: Chemoattractant Ligands and Their Receptors. CRC Press; 2020. p. 145\u201368."},{"key":"1862_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Howes, A., et al., Interleukin-10: cytokines in anti-inflammation and tolerance. Cytokine Frontiers: Regulation of Immune Responses in Health and Disease; 2014: 327\u2013352. https:\/\/10.1007\/978-4-431-54442-5_13.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-4-431-54442-5_13"},{"issue":"50","key":"1862_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002044","volume":"94","author":"B Mathias","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mathias B, Szpila BE, Moore FA, Efron PA, Moldawer LL. A review of GM-CSF therapy in sepsis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015;94(50):e2044. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000002044.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"1862_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.105792","volume":"75","author":"M Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang M, Wei J, Shang F, Zang K, Ji T. Platelet-derived growth factor B attenuates lethal sepsis through inhibition of inflammatory responses. Int Immunopharmacol. 2019;75:105792. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.105792.","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"issue":"Apr","key":"1862_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63905-3","volume":"162","author":"P Guo","year":"2003","unstructured":"Guo P, Hu B, Gu W, Xu L, Wang D, Huang HJ, et al. Platelet-derived growth factor-B enhances glioma angiogenesis by stimulating vascular endothelial growth factor expression in tumor endothelia and by promoting pericyte recruitment. Am J Pathol. 2003;162(Apr):1083\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63905-3.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"1862_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pathol.2.010506.134925","volume":"2","author":"JA Nagy","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nagy JA, Dvorak AM, Dvorak HF. VEGF-A and the induction of pathological angiogenesis. Annu Rev Pathol. 2007;2:251\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.pathol.2.010506.134925.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pathol"},{"issue":"6","key":"1862_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1820","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e31816a643f","volume":"106","author":"S Karlsson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Karlsson S, Pettil\u00e4 V, Tenhunen J, Lund V, Hovilehto S, Ruokonen E, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor in severe sepsis and septic shock. Anesth Analg. 2008;106(6):1820\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1213\/ane.0b013e31816a643f.","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"1862_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.941257","volume":"13","author":"AL Tang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tang AL, Peng Y, Shen MJ, Liu XY, Li S, Xiong MC, et al. Prognostic role of elevated VEGF in sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Physiol. 2022;13:941257. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2022.941257.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10238-025-01862-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10238-025-01862-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10238-025-01862-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T15:21:20Z","timestamp":1765293680000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10238-025-01862-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]]},"references-count":110,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1862"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10238-025-01862-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1591-9528"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1591-9528","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 August 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interests"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in this study were approved by the Vinmec-VinUni Ethical Review Committee (ethics approval number: 64\/202\/QD-VMEC) and were in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments and comparable ethical standards. This approval includes the requirement to obtain informed consent forms for all participants in this study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}],"article-number":"54"}}