{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T01:05:24Z","timestamp":1789693524470,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":79,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Construction Fund of Key Medical Disciplines of Hangzhou","award":["2025HZGF07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025HZGF07"]}]},{"name":"Hangzhou Key Scientific Research Program Projects","award":["2025SZD2B04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025SZD2B04"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Province Health Industry Science and Technology Planning Project","award":["2025HY0696"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025HY0696"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Med"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-026-02194-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T22:57:11Z","timestamp":1782860231000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Beyond polarization: a receptor-centered framework for macrophage function and therapy in skin diseases"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Yirou","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiyi","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenzhong","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"2194_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2622","volume":"9","author":"FO Nestle","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nestle FO, Di Meglio P, Qin JZ, Nickoloff BJ. Skin immune sentinels in health and disease. Nat Rev Immunol. 2009;9(10):679\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri2622.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2194_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70304","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70304","volume":"6","author":"M Peng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Peng M, Li N, Wang H, Li Y, Liu H, Luo Y, Lang B, Zhang W, Li S, Tian L, Liu B. Macrophages: Subtypes, Distribution, Polarization, Immunomodulatory Functions, and Therapeutics. MedComm (2020). 2025;6(8):e70304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mco2.70304.","journal-title":"MedComm (2020)"},{"key":"2194_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867260","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.867260","volume":"13","author":"M Cutolo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cutolo M, Campitiello R, Gotelli E, Soldano S. The Role of M1\/M2 Macrophage Polarization in Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovitis. Front Immunol. 2022;13:867260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.867260.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2194_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2022.07.016","volume":"30","author":"M Sharifiaghdam","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sharifiaghdam M, Shaabani E, Faridi-Majidi R, De Smedt SC, Braeckmans K, Fraire JC. Macrophages as a therapeutic target to promote diabetic wound healing. Mol Ther. 2022;30(9):2891\u2013908. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ymthe.2022.07.016.","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"2194_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14455","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.202114455","volume":"14","author":"Y Zhu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhu Y, Wu Z, Yan W, Shao F, Ke B, Jiang X, Gao J, Guo W, Lai Y, Ma H, Chen D, Xu Q, Sun Y. Allosteric inhibition of SHP2 uncovers aberrant TLR7 trafficking in aggravating psoriasis. EMBO Mol Med. 2022;14(3):e14455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15252\/emmm.202114455.","journal-title":"EMBO Mol Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2194_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-04-325225","volume":"119","author":"BB Aggarwal","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aggarwal BB, Gupta SC, Kim JH. Historical perspectives on tumor necrosis factor and its superfamily: 25 years later, a golden journey. Blood. 2012;119(3):651\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2011-04-325225.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"10","key":"2194_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2412","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.165","volume":"130","author":"J Fuentes-Duculan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fuentes-Duculan J, Suarez-Farinas M, Zaba LC, Nograles KE, Pierson KC, Mitsui H, Pensabene CA, Kzhyshkowska J, Krueger JG, Lowes MA. A subpopulation of CD163-positive macrophages is classically activated in psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol. 2010;130(10):2412\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/jid.2010.165.","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2194_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.89180","volume":"14","author":"W Jiang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jiang W, Zhang T, Qiu Y, Liu Q, Chen X, Wang Q, Min X, Ouyang L, Jia S, Lu Q, He Y, Zhao M. Keratinocyte-to-macrophage communication exacerbate psoriasiform dermatitis via LRG1-enriched extracellular vesicles. Theranostics. 2024;14(3):1049\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/thno.89180.","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"issue":"12","key":"2194_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1007\/s13238-018-0505-z","volume":"9","author":"Y Hou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hou Y, Zhu L, Tian H, Sun HX, Wang R, Zhang L, Zhao Y. IL-23-induced macrophage polarization and its pathological roles in mice with imiquimod-induced psoriasis. Protein Cell. 2018;9(12):1027\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13238-018-0505-z.","journal-title":"Protein Cell"},{"issue":"8","key":"2194_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2024.05.025","volume":"57","author":"H Xu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xu H, Zhang X, Wang X, Li B, Yu H, Quan Y, Jiang Y, You Y, Wang Y, Wen M, Liu J, Wang M, Zhang B, Li Y, Zhang X, Lu Q, Yu CY, Cao X. Cellular spermine targets JAK signaling to restrain cytokine-mediated autoimmunity. Immunity. 2024;57(8):1796\u2013e18111798. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2024.05.025.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"2","key":"2194_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2024.12.041","volume":"15","author":"Y Zhu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhu Y, Zhao L, Yan W, Ma H, Zhao W, Qu J, Zheng W, Zhang C, Du H, Yu M, Wan N, Ye H, Xie Y, Ke B, Xu Q, Sun H, Sun Y, Ouyang Z. Celastrol directly targets LRP1 to inhibit fibroblast-macrophage crosstalk and ameliorates psoriasis progression. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2025;15(2):876\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apsb.2024.12.041.","journal-title":"Acta Pharm Sin B"},{"issue":"4","key":"2194_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.028","volume":"150","author":"A Adachi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Adachi A, Honda T, Egawa G, Kanameishi S, Takimoto R, Miyake T, Hossain MR, Komine M, Ohtsuki M, Gunzer M, Ikuta K, Kabashima K. Estradiol suppresses psoriatic inflammation in mice by regulating neutrophil and macrophage functions. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2022;150(4):909\u2013e919908. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaci.2022.03.028.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"7702","key":"2194_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0052-z","volume":"556","author":"M Bambouskova","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bambouskova M, Gorvel L, Lampropoulou V, Sergushichev A, Loginicheva E, Johnson K, Korenfeld D, Mathyer ME, Kim H, Huang LH, Duncan D, Bregman H, Keskin A, Santeford A, Apte RS, Sehgal R, Johnson B, Amarasinghe GK, Soares MP, Satoh T, Akira S, Hai T, de Guzman Strong C, Auclair K, Roddy TP, Biller SA, Jovanovic M, Klechevsky E, Stewart KM, Randolph GJ, Artyomov MN. Electrophilic properties of itaconate and derivatives regulate the IkappaBzeta-ATF3 inflammatory axis. Nature. 2018;556(7702):501\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-018-0052-z.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"2194_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e42226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2025.e42226","volume":"11","author":"A Vafaeian","year":"2025","unstructured":"Vafaeian A, Rajabi F, Rezaei N. Toll-like receptors in atopic dermatitis: pathogenesis and therapeutic implications. Heliyon. 2025;11(3):e42226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2025.e42226.","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"6","key":"2194_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2000.03534.x","volume":"142","author":"RC Kiekens","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kiekens RC, Thepen T, Bihari IC, Knol EF, Van De Winkel JG, Bruijnzeel-Koomen CA. Expression of Fc receptors for IgG during acute and chronic cutaneous inflammation in atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol. 2000;142(6):1106\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2000.03534.x.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2194_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1111\/all.16150","volume":"80","author":"D Huang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Huang D, Liu X, Gao X, Choi CK, Giglio G, Farah L, Leung TF, Wong KC, Kan LL, Chong JW, Meng QJ, Liao J, Cheung PF, Wong CK. Meteorin-like protein\/METRNL\/Interleukin-41 ameliorates atopic dermatitis-like inflammation. Allergy. 2025;80(2):474\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/all.16150.","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"1","key":"2194_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4082","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-59147-w","volume":"16","author":"A Koester","year":"2025","unstructured":"Koester A, Witcher DR, Lee M, Demarest SJ, Potter S, Werle K, Bauer S, Ruiz D, Malherbe L, Poorbaugh J, Glasebrook A, Preuss C, Datta G, Wang Z, Knorr J, Manner D, Patel D, Schmitz C, Klekotka P, Nirula A. Ucenprubart is an agonistic antibody to CD200R with the potential to treat inflammatory skin disease: preclinical development and a phase 1 clinical study. Nat Commun. 2025;16(1):4082. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-025-59147-w.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"2194_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-46148-4","volume":"15","author":"K Miyake","year":"2024","unstructured":"Miyake K, Ito J, Takahashi K, Nakabayashi J, Brombacher F, Shichino S, Yoshikawa S, Miyake S, Karasuyama H. Single-cell transcriptomics identifies the differentiation trajectory from inflammatory monocytes to pro-resolving macrophages in a mouse skin allergy model. Nat Commun. 2024;15(1):1666. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-024-46148-4.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2194_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kazumasa Kanemaru E, Noguchi S, Tahara-Hanaoka et al. (2019). Clec10a regulates mite-induced dermatitis. Science Immunology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciimmunol.aax6908","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aax6908"},{"key":"2194_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"MarlysS.Fassett JM, Braz CAC et al. (2023). IL-31-dependent neurogenic inflammation restrains cutaneous type 2 immune respon. Science Immunology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciimmunol.abi6887","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abi6887"},{"issue":"3","key":"2194_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2024.10.038","volume":"155","author":"H Urakami","year":"2025","unstructured":"Urakami H, Yoshikawa S, Nagao K, Miyake K, Fujita Y, Komura A, Nakashima M, Umene R, Sano S, Hu Z, Nishii E, Fujimura A, Hiyama TY, Naruse K, Karasuyama H, Inoue T, Tominaga M, Takamori K, Morizane S, Miyake S. Stress-experienced monocytes\/macrophages lose anti-inflammatory function via beta(2)-adrenergic receptor in skin allergic inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2025;155(3):865\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaci.2024.10.038.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2194_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1644","volume":"9","author":"O Ananieva","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ananieva O, Darragh J, Johansen C, Carr JM, McIlrath J, Park JM, Wingate A, Monk CE, Toth R, Santos SG, Iversen L, Arthur JS. The kinases MSK1 and MSK2 act as negative regulators of Toll-like receptor signaling. Nat Immunol. 2008;9(9):1028\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ni.1644.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"2194_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2107","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02107","volume":"10","author":"S Nesmond","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nesmond S, Muller C, Le Naour R, Viguier M, Bernard P, Antonicelli F, Le Jan S. Characteristic Pattern of IL-17RA, IL-17RB, and IL-17RC in Monocytes\/Macrophages and Mast Cells From Patients With Bullous Pemphigoid. Front Immunol. 2019;10:2107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02107.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2194_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13157","volume":"26","author":"T Fujimura","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fujimura T, Kakizaki A, Furudate S, Aiba S. A possible interaction between periostin and CD163(+) skin-resident macrophages in pemphigus vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid. Exp Dermatol. 2017;26(12):1193\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/exd.13157.","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2194_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1159\/000365946","volume":"229","author":"S Furudate","year":"2014","unstructured":"Furudate S, Fujimura T, Kambayashi Y, Kakizaki A, Aiba S. Comparison of CD163\u2009+\u2009CD206+ M2 macrophages in the lesional skin of bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris: the possible pathogenesis of bullous pemphigoid. Dermatology. 2014;229(4):369\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000365946.","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"2194_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"942493","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.942493","volume":"13","author":"S Emtenani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Emtenani S, Holtsche MM, Stahlkopf R, Seiler DL, Burn T, Liu H, Parker M, Yilmaz K, Dikmen HO, Lang MH, Sadik CD, Karsten CM, van Beek N, Ludwig RJ, Kohl J, Schmidt E. Differential expression of C5aR1 and C5aR2 in innate and adaptive immune cells located in early skin lesions of bullous pemphigoid patients. Front Immunol. 2022;13:942493. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2022.942493.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2194_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1093\/bjd\/ljaf130","volume":"193","author":"Z Huang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Huang Z, Zhao W, Xu C, Zheng J, Huang C, Zhu H, Pan M. Interleukin (IL)-34 promotes the inflammatory role of IL-1beta-producing myeloid cells in pemphigus lesions. Br J Dermatol. 2025;193(2):287\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bjd\/ljaf130.","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2194_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7489","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-35209-1","volume":"13","author":"M Zheng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zheng M, Hu Z, Mei X, Ouyang L, Song Y, Zhou W, Kong Y, Wu R, Rao S, Long H, Shi W, Jing H, Lu S, Wu H, Jia S, Lu Q, Zhao M. Single-cell sequencing shows cellular heterogeneity of cutaneous lesions in lupus erythematosus. Nat Commun. 2022;13(1):7489. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-022-35209-1.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2194_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wolf C, Lim EL, Mokhtari M et al. (2025). UNC93B1 variants underlie TLR7-\u00ad dependent autoimmunity. Science Immunology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciimmunol.adi9769","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.adi9769"},{"issue":"2","key":"2194_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41813","volume":"74","author":"D Xue","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xue D, Tabib T, Morse C, Yang Y, Domsic RT, Khanna D, Lafyatis R. Expansion of Fcgamma Receptor IIIa-Positive Macrophages, Ficolin 1-Positive Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells, and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Associated With Severe Skin Disease in Systemic Sclerosis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2022;74(2):329\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.41813.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2194_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3004","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39287","volume":"67","author":"LM Rice","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rice LM, Ziemek J, Stratton EA, McLaughlin SR, Padilla CM, Mathes AL, Christmann RB, Stifano G, Browning JL, Whitfield ML, Spiera RF, Gordon JK, Simms RW, Zhang Y, Lafyatis R. A longitudinal biomarker for the extent of skin disease in patients with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2015;67(11):3004\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.39287.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2194_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2024-226034","volume":"84","author":"X Yuan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yuan X, Qin X, Takemoto K, Zhao J, Sanderson M, Xu X, Zhang Y, Helke KL, Wolf J, Guthridge B, James JM, Zhou JA, Assassi X, Feghali-Bostwick S, Wang C, Sun D, Tsao L, B. P. Human hypofunctional NCF1 variants promote pulmonary fibrosis in the bleomycin-induced mouse model and patients with systemic sclerosis via expansion of SPP1(+) monocytes-derived macrophages. Ann Rheum Dis. 2025;84(2):294\u2013306. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard-2024-226034.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2194_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-015-8477-8","volume":"49","author":"J Grunewald","year":"2015","unstructured":"Grunewald J, Spagnolo P, Wahlstrom J, Eklund A. Immunogenetics of Disease-Causing Inflammation in Sarcoidosis. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2015;49(1):19\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12016-015-8477-8.","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2194_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200905-0696OC","volume":"181","author":"ES Chen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chen ES, Song Z, Willett MH, Heine S, Yung RC, Liu MC, Groshong SD, Zhang Y, Tuder RM, Moller DR. Serum amyloid A regulates granulomatous inflammation in sarcoidosis through Toll-like receptor-2. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010;181(4):360\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.200905-0696OC.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2194_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.08.016","volume":"47","author":"C Goudot","year":"2017","unstructured":"Goudot C, Coillard A, Villani AC, Gueguen P, Cros A, Sarkizova S, Tang-Huau TL, Bohec M, Baulande S, Hacohen N, Amigorena S, Segura E. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Controls Monocyte Differentiation into Dendritic Cells versus Macrophages. Immunity. 2017;47(3):582\u2013e596586. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.08.016.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2194_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00002","volume":"9","author":"R Oldenburg","year":"2018","unstructured":"Oldenburg R, Mayau V, Prandi J, Arbues A, Astarie-Dequeker C, Guilhot C, Werts C, Winter N, Demangel C. Mycobacterial Phenolic Glycolipids Selectively Disable TRIF-Dependent TLR4 Signaling in Macrophages. Front Immunol. 2018;9:2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00002.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2194_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2521","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S407650","volume":"16","author":"G Ge","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ge G, Shang J, Gan T, Chen Z, Pan C, Mei Y, Long S, Wu A, Wang H. Psoriasis and Leprosy: An Arcane Relationship. J Inflamm Res. 2023;16:2521\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/JIR.S407650.","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2194_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0005486","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005486","volume":"11","author":"RL Silva","year":"2017","unstructured":"Silva RL, Santos MB, Almeida PL, Barros TS, Magalhaes L, Cazzaniga RA, Souza PR, Luz NF, Franca-Costa J, Borges VM, Lima-Junior DS, Lipscomb MW, Duthie MS, Reed SG, Almeida RP, Jesus AR. sCD163 levels as a biomarker of disease severity in leprosy and visceral leishmaniasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017;11(3):e0005486. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005486.","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2194_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2021.1954779","volume":"18","author":"NR Nabar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nabar NR, Heijjer CN, Shi CS, Hwang IY, Ganesan S, Karlsson MCI, Kehrl JH. LRRK2 is required for CD38-mediated NAADP-Ca(2+) signaling and the downstream activation of TFEB (transcription factor EB) in immune cells. Autophagy. 2022;18(1):204\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15548627.2021.1954779.","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2194_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Timothy J, Sellati DA, Bouis RL, Kitchens et al. (1998). Treponema pallidum and Borrelia burgdorferi Lipoproteins and Synthetic Lipopeptides Activate Monocytic Cells via a CD14 Dependent Pathway Distinct from That Used by Lipopolysaccharide. The Journal Of Immunology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.160.11.5455","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.11.5455"},{"issue":"6","key":"2194_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2024.04.012","volume":"42","author":"H Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu H, Gao J, Feng M, Cheng J, Tang Y, Cao Q, Zhao Z, Meng Z, Zhang J, Zhang G, Zhang C, Zhao M, Yan Y, Wang Y, Xue R, Zhang N, Li H. Integrative molecular and spatial analysis reveals evolutionary dynamics and tumor-immune interplay of in situ and invasive acral melanoma. Cancer Cell. 2024;42(6):1067\u2013e10851011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccell.2024.04.012.","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"2194_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-019-0817-4","volume":"7","author":"M Cao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cao M, Yan H, Han X, Weng L, Wei Q, Sun X, Lu W, Wei Q, Ye J, Cai X, Hu C, Yin X, Cao P. Ginseng-derived nanoparticles alter macrophage polarization to inhibit melanoma growth. J Immunother Cancer. 2019;7(1):326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40425-019-0817-4.","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"key":"2194_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2022.215972","volume":"551","author":"Y Du","year":"2022","unstructured":"Du Y, Cai Y, Lv Y, Zhang L, Yang H, Liu Q, Hong M, Teng Y, Tang W, Ma R, Wu J, Wu J, Wang Q, Chen H, Li K, Feng J. Single-cell RNA sequencing unveils the communications between malignant T and myeloid cells contributing to tumor growth and immunosuppression in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Cancer Lett. 2022;551:215972. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.canlet.2022.215972.","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"issue":"12","key":"2194_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1820","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2021013341","volume":"139","author":"A de Masson","year":"2022","unstructured":"de Masson A, Darbord D, Dobos G, Boisson M, Roelens M, Ram-Wolff C, Cassius C, Le Buanec H, de la Grange P, Jouenne F, Louveau B, Sadoux A, Bouaziz JD, Marie-Cardine A, Bagot M, Moins-Teisserenc H, Mourah S, Battistella M. Macrophage-derived CXCL9 and CXCL11, T-cell skin homing, and disease control in mogamulizumab-treated CTCL patients. Blood. 2022;139(12):1820\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2021013341.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2194_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960551","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.960551","volume":"13","author":"J Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang J, Zhang S, Ding X, Li S, Luo X, Cao Y, Gao F, Zou M. Research progress on the mechanism by which skin macrophage dysfunction mediates chronic inflammatory injury in diabetic skin. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022;13:960551. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.960551.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"10","key":"2194_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70026","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.70026","volume":"14","author":"X Zhu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhu X, Zhang C, Jiang W, Zeng Z, Zhang K, Du M, Chen J, Wu Q, Liao W, Chen Y, Fang W, Pan W. Trem2 acts as a non-classical receptor of interleukin-4 to promote diabetic wound healing. Clin Transl Med. 2024;14(10):e70026. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ctm2.70026.","journal-title":"Clin Transl Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2194_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-024-04972-8","volume":"22","author":"Y Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen Y, Ma L, Cheng Z, Hu Z, Xu Y, Wu J, Dai Y, Shi C. Senescent fibroblast facilitates re-epithelization and collagen deposition in radiation-induced skin injury through IL-33-mediated macrophage polarization. J Transl Med. 2024;22(1):176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12967-024-04972-8.","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2194_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-025-03147-x","volume":"23","author":"D Zhou","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhou D, Li Z, Bao L, Zhao X, Hao J, Xu C, Sun F, He D, Jiang C, Zeng T, Li D. DNAzyme hydrogels specifically inhibit the NLRP3 pathway to prevent radiation-induced skin injury in mice. J Nanobiotechnol. 2025;23(1):238. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12951-025-03147-x.","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnol"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10238-026-02194-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10238-026-02194-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10238-026-02194-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:56:15Z","timestamp":1789692975000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10238-026-02194-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2194"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10238-026-02194-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1591-9528"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1591-9528","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"337"}}