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Silica nanoparticles were chemically synthesized and loaded with clove oil, with thorough characterization conducted using dynamic light scattering (DLS) for particle size, zeta-potential measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The EC50 values of CO and CO@SNPs were determined to be 1.88\u00a0\u00b5mol\/mL and 0.172\u00a0\u00b5mol\/mL, respectively, demonstrating a superior proliferative efficacy of the CO@SNPs nanoformulation. The biological effects were assessed using the MTT assay for cell viability, Trypan blue exclusion for cell count, qPCR for gene expression of c-Myc, MAPK, and NF-\u03baB, and antioxidant capacity assays (MDA and catalase activity). Moreover, the in vitro wound-healing scratch assay showed enhanced fibroblast migration and proliferation, with relative wound density reaching 48% and 62% for CO@SNPs alone and combined with low-dose gamma irradiation, respectively. Further analysis through immunofluorescence staining of TGF-\u03b2 and hematoxylin staining confirmed cell proliferation. Our results showed that loading CO on silica nanoparticles (CO@SNPs) were significantly more efficient than native clove oil in promoting cell proliferation and wound healing, with the combined treatment of CO@SNPs and low-dose gamma irradiation producing the most pronounced regenerative effect. These findings suggest that CO@SNPs, especially when combined with low-dose gamma irradiation, hold significant promise for enhancing oral tissue regeneration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Graphical abstract<\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          <jats:bold>Nanotechnology-enhanced clove oil delivery<\/jats:bold>\n                          : The present study successfully encapsulated clove oil (CO) in silica nanoparticles (CO@SNPs), which improved its stability and controlled release and provided its therapeutic efficacy.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          <jats:bold>Antioxidant and wound-healing properties<\/jats:bold>\n                          : CO@SNPs significantly reduced oxidative stress markers (e.g., malondialdehyde levels decreased by 93%) and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase activity increased by 83%) in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) under low-dose radiation conditions.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          <jats:bold>Improved cellular proliferation<\/jats:bold>\n                          : CO@SNPs promoted HGF proliferation and wound closure in vitro, demonstrating a synergistic effect when combined with low-dose gamma irradiation, achieving optimal healing outcomes.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          <jats:bold>Biocompatibility and safety<\/jats:bold>\n                          : CO and CO@SNPs exhibited a high cell viability with low cytotoxicity at effective concentrations, supporting their safe application in clinical settings.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          <jats:bold>Implications for dentistry and beyond<\/jats:bold>\n                          : These findings highlight the potential of CO@SNPs in nanodentistry and other biomedical applications for managing oral and tissue wounds efficiently.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <\/jats:list>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-025-01198-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]],"date-time":"2025-09-18T06:48:29Z","timestamp":1758178109000},"page":"1383-1400","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Synergistic effect of low-dose gamma radiation and\/or clove oil loaded on silica nanoparticles on regeneration of human gingival fibroblast cell line: an in vitro study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9230-2027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asmaa M.","family":"Abdeen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Gharib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim Y.","family":"Abdelrahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"1198_CR1","first-page":"316706","volume":"2015","author":"J Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang J, Onakpoya IJ, Posadzki P, Eddouks M. 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