{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T08:24:17Z","timestamp":1771403057101,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Odontology"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-026-01345-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T07:33:29Z","timestamp":1771400009000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of mucoadhesive tablets on pain reduction and ulcer healing in recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8602-6158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malik","family":"Alkabazi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0724-7140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dawood","family":"Alatefi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9488-8474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Alanzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mabrouka","family":"Alshokri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ebtesam","family":"Aldieb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"1345_CR1","first-page":"95","volume":"31","author":"JA Ship","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ship JA, Chavez EM, Doerr PA, Henson BS, Sarmadi M. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Quintessence Int. 2000;31(2):95\u2013112.","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"issue":"8","key":"1345_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2012.01134.x","volume":"41","author":"M Chavan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chavan M, Jain H, Diwan N, Khedkar S, Shete A, Durkar S. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a review. J Oral Pathol Med. 2012;41(8):577\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2012.01134.x.","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"1345_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2017.03.011","volume":"170","author":"HG Yilmaz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yilmaz HG, Albaba MR, Caygur A, Cengiz E, Boke-Karacaoglu F, Tumer H. Treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis with Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation: a randomized controlled split mouth clinical study. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2017;170:1\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2017.03.011.","journal-title":"J Photochem Photobiol B"},{"issue":"4","key":"1345_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e549","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.23573","volume":"25","author":"E Bardellini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bardellini E, Veneri F, Amadori F, Conti G, Majorana A. Photobiomodulation therapy for the management of recurrent aphthous stomatitis in children: clinical effectiveness and parental satisfaction. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2020;25(4):e549\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4317\/medoral.23573.","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"issue":"2","key":"1345_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medcli.2016.12.031","volume":"149","author":"A Rodr\u00edguez-Archilla","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez-Archilla A, Raissouni T. Randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of complementary therapies for recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Med Clin (Barc). 2017;149(2):55\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.medcli.2016.12.031.","journal-title":"Med Clin (Barc)"},{"issue":"11","key":"1345_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10024-2709","volume":"20","author":"E Giammarinaro","year":"2019","unstructured":"Giammarinaro E, Cosola S, Oldoini G, Gulia F, Pe\u00f1arrocha-Oltra D, Marconcini S, et al. Local formula with mucoadhesive property: a randomized clinical trial of a therapeutic agent for the treatment of oral aphthous ulcers. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2019;20(11):1249\u201353.","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"1345_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.23736\/s0026-4970.18.04137-7","volume":"67","author":"L Giannetti","year":"2018","unstructured":"Giannetti L, Murri Dello Diago A, Lo Muzio L. Recurrent aphtous stomatitis. Minerva Stomatol. 2018;67(3):125\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23736\/s0026-4970.18.04137-7.","journal-title":"Minerva Stomatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1345_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2019.1654597","volume":"32","author":"S Habibzadeh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Habibzadeh S, Sheikh Rahimi M, Edalatkhah H, Piri H, Maleki N. Effectiveness of booster dose of tetanus and diphtheria toxoids (Td) vaccine in management of recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a prospective, randomized, triple-blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Dermatolog Treat. 2021;32(3):361\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09546634.2019.1654597.","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat"},{"issue":"7","key":"1345_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2019.1610548","volume":"31","author":"Y Shao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shao Y, Zhou H. Clinical evaluation of an oral mucoadhesive film containing chitosan for the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a randomized, double-blind study. J Dermatolog Treat. 2020;31(7):739\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09546634.2019.1610548.","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat"},{"issue":"4(Special)","key":"1345_CR10","first-page":"1687","volume":"31","author":"Q Guo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Guo Q, Yang J, Yu M. Observing the effect of traditional Chinese medicine Kouchuang Xiaotong powder on patients with recurrent aphthus ulcer. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2018;31(4(Special)):1687\u201390.","journal-title":"Pak J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1345_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e159","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.21469","volume":"22","author":"D Ofluoglu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ofluoglu D, Ergun S, Warnakulasuriya S, Namdar-Pekiner F, Tanyeri H. An evaluation of the efficacy of a topical gel with Triester Glycerol Oxide (TGO) in the treatment of minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis in a Turkish cohort: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2017;22(2):e159\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4317\/medoral.21469.","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"issue":"5","key":"1345_CR12","first-page":"74","volume":"7","author":"B Tarakji","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tarakji B, Gazal G, Al-Maweri SA, Azzeghaiby SN, Alaizari N. Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis for dental practitioners. J Int Oral Health. 2015;7(5):74\u201380.","journal-title":"J Int Oral Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"1345_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15500","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.15500","volume":"35","author":"CB Lau","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lau CB, Smith GP. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a comprehensive review and recommendations on therapeutic options. Dermatol Ther. 2022;35(6):e15500. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dth.15500.","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"1345_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2017.02.013","volume":"123","author":"N Yarom","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yarom N, Zelig K, Epstein JB, Gorsky M. The efficacy of minocycline mouth rinses on the symptoms associated with recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study assessing different doses of oral rinse. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2017;123(6):675\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oooo.2017.02.013.","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1345_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2009.10.024","volume":"109","author":"F Femiano","year":"2010","unstructured":"Femiano F, Buonaiuto C, Gombos F, Lanza A, Cirillo N. Pilot study on recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS): a randomized placebo-controlled trial for the comparative therapeutic effects of systemic prednisone and systemic montelukast in subjects unresponsive to topical therapy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2010;109(3):402\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tripleo.2009.10.024.","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"issue":"3","key":"1345_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5173(85)90230-3","volume":"26","author":"H-W Hui","year":"1985","unstructured":"Hui H-W, Robinson JR. Ocular delivery of progesterone using a bioadhesive polymer. Int J Pharm. 1985;26(3):203\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0378-5173(85)90230-3.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"1345_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2004.05.009","volume":"280","author":"M Tafaghodi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tafaghodi M, Abolghasem Sajadi Tabassi S, Jaafari MR, Zakavi SR, Momen-Nejad M. Evaluation of the clearance characteristics of various microspheres in the human nose by gamma-scintigraphy. Int J Pharm. 2004;280(1\u20132):125\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2004.05.009.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"1345_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.2165\/00137696-200301040-00003","volume":"1","author":"A Bernkop-Schn\u00fcrch","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bernkop-Schn\u00fcrch A, Hornof M. Intravaginal drug delivery systems: design, challenges, and solutions. Am J Drug Deliv. 2003;1:241\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00137696-200301040-00003.","journal-title":"Am J Drug Deliv"},{"issue":"5","key":"1345_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2039","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030319","volume":"89","author":"M Korbonits","year":"2004","unstructured":"Korbonits M, Slawik M, Cullen D, Ross RJ, Stalla G, Schneider H, et al. A comparison of a novel testosterone bioadhesive buccal system, striant, with a testosterone adhesive patch in hypogonadal males. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89(5):2039\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2003-030319.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"1345_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ddtec.2005.05.001","volume":"2","author":"A Bernkop-Schn\u00fcrch","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bernkop-Schn\u00fcrch A. Mucoadhesive systems in oral drug delivery. Drug Discov Today Technol. 2005;2(1):83\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ddtec.2005.05.001.","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today Technol"},{"issue":"3","key":"1345_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E54","DOI":"10.1208\/pt0803054","volume":"8","author":"L Perioli","year":"2007","unstructured":"Perioli L, Ambrogi V, Giovagnoli S, Ricci M, Blasi P, Rossi C. Mucoadhesive bilayered tablets for buccal sustained release of flurbiprofen. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2007;8(3):E54. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1208\/pt0803054.","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"key":"1345_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.18433\/jpps32705","volume":"25","author":"S Golshani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Golshani S, Vatanara A, Amin M. Recent advances in oral mucoadhesive drug delivery. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2022;25:201\u201317.","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharm Sci"},{"key":"1345_CR23","first-page":"349","volume":"1262002","author":"W Ian","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ian W, Kellaway GP, Duche\u02c6ne D. Oral mucosal drug delivery. Modif Release Drug Deliv Technol. 2002;1262002:349\u201364.","journal-title":"Modif Release Drug Deliv Technol"},{"key":"1345_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.70042","author":"M Mauceri","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mauceri M, Coppini M, De Caro V, Di Prima G, Mauceri R, Panzarella V, et al. Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems for oral chronic inflammatory mucosal diseases. The future is already present. A systematic review. Oral Dis. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/odi.70042.","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"1345_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","volume":"372","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021;372:n71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.n71.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"1345_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1756-185X.2012.01712.x","volume":"15","author":"MWL Cheung","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cheung MWL, Ho RC, Lim Y, Mak A. Conducting a meta\u2010analysis: basics and good practices. Int J Rheum Dis. 2012;15(2):129\u201335.","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"1345_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"j4008","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j4008","volume":"358","author":"BJ Shea","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shea BJ, Reeves BC, Wells G, Thuku M, Hamel C, Moran J, et al. AMSTAR 2: a critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews that include randomised or non-randomised studies of healthcare interventions, or both. BMJ. 2017;358:j4008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.j4008.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1345_CR28","unstructured":"The EndNote Team. EndNote. EndNote 20 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Clarivate; 2013,"},{"key":"1345_CR29","unstructured":"Rohatgi A. WebPlotDigitizer. 2017, https:\/\/apps.automeris.io\/wpd4\/"},{"issue":"1","key":"1345_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-024-02356-6","volume":"24","author":"A Abbas","year":"2024","unstructured":"Abbas A, Hefnawy MT, Negida A. Meta-analysis accelerator: a comprehensive tool for statistical data conversion in systematic reviews with meta-analysis. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2024;24(1):243. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12874-024-02356-6.","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"1345_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","volume":"366","author":"JAC Sterne","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sterne JAC, Savovi\u0107 J, Page MJ, Elbers RG, Blencowe NS, Boutron I, et al. RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ. 2019;366:l4898. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.l4898.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"1345_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1411","volume":"12","author":"LA McGuinness","year":"2021","unstructured":"McGuinness LA, Higgins JPT. Risk-of-bias VISualization (robvis): an R package and Shiny web app for visualizing risk-of-bias assessments. Res Synth Methods. 2021;12(1):55\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jrsm.1411.","journal-title":"Res Synth Methods"},{"issue":"7650","key":"1345_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347.AD","volume":"336","author":"GH Guyatt","year":"2008","unstructured":"Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist GE, Kunz R, Falck-Ytter Y, Alonso-Coello P, et al. GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ. 2008;336(7650):924\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.39489.470347.AD.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"4","key":"1345_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/s0196-0644(96)70238-x","volume":"27","author":"KH Todd","year":"1996","unstructured":"Todd KH, Funk KG, Funk JP, Bonacci R. Clinical significance of reported changes in pain severity. Ann Emerg Med. 1996;27(4):485\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0196-0644(96)70238-x.","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"1345_CR35","unstructured":"Team R. RStudio: Integratef Development for R. RStudio, PBC, Boston, MA. 2020, http:\/\/www.rstudio.com\/"},{"issue":"4","key":"1345_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1136\/ebmental-2019-300117","volume":"22","author":"S Balduzzi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Balduzzi S, R\u00fccker G, Schwarzer G. How to perform a meta-analysis with R: a practical tutorial. Evid Based Ment Health. 2019;22(4):153\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ebmental-2019-300117.","journal-title":"Evid Based Ment Health"},{"key":"1345_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470712184.ch10","volume-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions: Cochrane book series","author":"JA Sterne","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sterne JA, Egger M, Moher D. Addressing reporting biases. In: Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions: Cochrane book series. USA: Wiley Online Library; 2008. p. 297\u2013333."},{"key":"1345_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.18502\/fid.v20i18.12824","volume":"20","author":"G Eslami","year":"2023","unstructured":"Eslami G, Ghorbani A, Akbari J, Farmoudeh A, Faghih F, Moghimi M. Efficacy of oral mucoadhesive N-Acetylcysteine tablets in treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Front Dent. 2023;20:18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18502\/fid.v20i18.12824.","journal-title":"Front Dent"},{"issue":"1","key":"1345_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-020-01194-4","volume":"20","author":"A Ghorbani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ghorbani A, Akbari J, Boorboor M, Nekoukar Z, Eslami G. Evaluation of zinc sulfate mucoadhesive formulation on recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. BMC Oral Health. 2020;20(1):212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-020-01194-4.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"1345_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-023-02846-x","volume":"23","author":"T Molania","year":"2023","unstructured":"Molania T, Akbari J, Babaei A, Lotfizadeh A, Moosazadeh M, Mesgarani A, et al. Atorvastatin mucoadhesive tablets in the management of recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a randomized clinical study. BMC Oral Health. 2023;23(1):285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-023-02846-x.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"1345_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-03936-0","author":"M Salehi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Salehi M, Saeedi M, Negarandeh R, Savabi A, Lotfizadeh A, Hosseinnataj A, et al. Evaluation of caffeic acid mucoadhesive tablets on minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. BMC Oral Health. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-024-03936-0.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"1345_CR42","first-page":"26","volume":"10","author":"NR Edgar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Edgar NR, Saleh D, Miller RA. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a review. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2017;10(3):26.","journal-title":"J Clin Aesthet Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"1345_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-7406.76478","volume":"3","author":"R Shaikh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shaikh R, Raj Singh TR, Garland MJ, Woolfson AD, Donnelly RF. Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011;3(1):89\u2013100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0975-7406.76478.","journal-title":"J Pharm Bioallied Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"1345_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.2319\/050415-303.1","volume":"86","author":"LA Rennick","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rennick LA, Campbell PM, Naidu A, Taylor RW, Buschang PH. Effectiveness of a novel topical powder on the treatment of traumatic oral ulcers in orthodontic patients: a randomized controlled trial. Angle Orthod. 2016;86(3):351\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/050415-303.1.","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"issue":"2","key":"1345_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e180","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.19896","volume":"20","author":"J Kim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim J, Kim S, Jeon S, Hui Z, Kim Y, Im Y, et al. Anti-inflammatory effects of zinc in PMA-treated human gingival fibroblast cells. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2015;20(2):e180\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4317\/medoral.19896.","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"issue":"23 Suppl 1","key":"1345_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"Iii39","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000131517.20177.5a","volume":"109","author":"J Davignon","year":"2004","unstructured":"Davignon J. Beneficial cardiovascular pleiotropic effects of statins. Circulation. 2004;109(23 Suppl 1):Iii39-43. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.CIR.0000131517.20177.5a.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"3","key":"1345_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.100.3.230","volume":"100","author":"PM Ridker","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ridker PM, Rifai N, Pfeffer MA, Sacks F, Braunwald E. Long-term effects of pravastatin on plasma concentration of C-reactive protein. The Cholesterol and Recurrent Events (CARE) Investigators. Circulation. 1999;100(3):230\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.cir.100.3.230.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"1345_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/s0021-9150(03)00239-9","volume":"173","author":"RS Rosenson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rosenson RS. Statins in atherosclerosis: lipid-lowering agents with antioxidant capabilities. Atherosclerosis. 2004;173(1):1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0021-9150(03)00239-9.","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"1345_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8732360","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/8732360","volume":"2022","author":"T Kandelouei","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kandelouei T, Abbasifard M, Imani D, Aslani S, Razi B, Fasihi M, et al. Effect of statins on serum level of hs-CRP and CRP in patients with cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Mediators Inflamm. 2022;2022:8732360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2022\/8732360.","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"issue":"11","key":"1345_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5937","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00861","volume":"20","author":"Y Wu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wu Y, Du L, Xu X, Hu Y, Liu J, Zhang J, et al. Nano self-assemblies of caffeic acid-fibronectin mimic a peptide conjugate for the treatment of corneal epithelial injury. Mol Pharm. 2023;20(11):5937\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00861.","journal-title":"Mol Pharm"},{"key":"1345_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2019.04.025","volume":"219","author":"CM Spagnol","year":"2019","unstructured":"Spagnol CM, Assis RP, Brunetti IL, Isaac VLB, Salgado HRN, Corr\u00eaa MA. In vitro methods to determine the antioxidant activity of caffeic acid. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2019;219:358\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2019.04.025.","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc"},{"issue":"2","key":"1345_CR52","first-page":"53","volume":"79","author":"JE Oz\u00f3rio","year":"2012","unstructured":"Oz\u00f3rio JE, Carvalho LF, de Oliveira DA, de Sousa-Neto MD, Perez DE. Standardized propolis extract and calcium hydroxide as pulpotomy agents in primary pig teeth. J Dent Child (Chic). 2012;79(2):53\u20138.","journal-title":"J Dent Child (Chic)"},{"issue":"1","key":"1345_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1834-7819.2009.01179.x","volume":"55","author":"A Parolia","year":"2010","unstructured":"Parolia A, Kundabala M, Rao NN, Acharya SR, Agrawal P, Mohan M, et al. A comparative histological analysis of human pulp following direct pulp capping with Propolis, mineral trioxide aggregate and Dycal. Aust Dent J. 2010;55(1):59\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1834-7819.2009.01179.x.","journal-title":"Aust Dent J"},{"issue":"2","key":"1345_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2013.09.006","volume":"141","author":"GF Rushworth","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rushworth GF, Megson IL. Existing and potential therapeutic uses for N-acetylcysteine: the need for conversion to intracellular glutathione for antioxidant benefits. Pharmacol Ther. 2014;141(2):150\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2013.09.006.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"1345_CR55","first-page":"318","volume":"13","author":"S Parpoudi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Parpoudi S, Mantzoros I, Ioannidis O, Zapsalis K, Gamali T, Kyziridis D, et al. Effect of N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine (NAC) on inflammation after intraperitoneal mesh placement in an Escherichia coli septic rat model: a randomized experimental study. Med Sci. 2025;13(4):318.","journal-title":"Med Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"1345_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e87","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.25604","volume":"28","author":"FJ Parra-Moreno","year":"2023","unstructured":"Parra-Moreno FJ, Egido-Moreno S, Schemel-Su\u00e1rez M, Gonz\u00e1lez-Navarro B, Estrugo-Devesa A, L\u00f3pez-L\u00f3pez J. Treatment of recurrent aphtous stomatitis: a systematic review. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2023;28(1):e87\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4317\/medoral.25604.","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"key":"1345_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.2147\/dddt.S96589","volume":"10","author":"CL Li","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li CL, Huang HL, Wang WC, Hua H. Efficacy and safety of topical herbal medicine treatment on recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a systemic review. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2016;10:107\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/dddt.S96589.","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"1345_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.23804\/ejpd.2022.23.01.14","volume":"23","author":"E Milia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Milia E, Sotgiu MA, Spano G, Filigheddu E, Gallusi G, Campanella V. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS): guideline for differential diagnosis and management. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2022;23(1):73\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23804\/ejpd.2022.23.01.14.","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent"},{"key":"1345_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4019723","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/4019723","volume":"2017","author":"HD M\u00fcller","year":"2017","unstructured":"M\u00fcller HD, Eick S, Moritz A, Lussi A, Gruber R. Cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of oral rinses In vitro. BioMed Res Int. 2017;2017:4019723. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2017\/4019723.","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int"},{"issue":"3 Suppl. 1","key":"1345_CR60","first-page":"83","volume":"33","author":"S Mummolo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mummolo S, Severino M, Campanella V, Barlattani A Jr., Quinzi V, Marchetti E. Chlorhexidine gel used as antiseptic in periodontal pockets. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2019;33(3 Suppl. 1):83\u20138.","journal-title":"J Biol Regul Homeost Agents"}],"container-title":["Odontology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10266-026-01345-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10266-026-01345-z","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10266-026-01345-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T07:33:31Z","timestamp":1771400011000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10266-026-01345-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"references-count":60,"alternative-id":["1345"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10266-026-01345-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1618-1247","1618-1255"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1618-1247","type":"print"},{"value":"1618-1255","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have nothing to declare.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"During the preparation of this work, the authors used AI (OpenAI, 2025) to improve the grammar and structure, without any impact on methodology or results. After using this tool, the authors reviewed and edited the content as needed, taking full responsibility for the publication\u2019s content.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"AI Declaration"}}]}}