{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T17:51:30Z","timestamp":1775065890240,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Odontology"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-026-01377-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T15:56:24Z","timestamp":1775058984000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hardness and mass changes from acidic challenges to CAD\/CAM fiber-reinforced resin composites"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9565-8275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rua","family":"Babaier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sufyan","family":"Garoushi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pekka","family":"Vallittu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eija","family":"S\u00e4ilynoja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lippo","family":"Lassila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David C.","family":"Watts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1377_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.4012\/dmj.28.44","volume":"28","author":"T Miyazaki","year":"2009","unstructured":"Miyazaki T, Hotta Y, Kunii J, Kuriyama S, Tamaki Y. A review of dental CAD\/CAM: current status and future perspectives from 20 years of experience. Dent Mater J. 2009;28(1):44\u201356.","journal-title":"Dent Mater J"},{"issue":"4","key":"1377_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpor.2014.07.003","volume":"58","author":"RW Li","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li RW, Chow TW, Matinlinna JP. Ceramic dental biomaterials and CAD\/CAM technology: state of the art. J Prosthodont Res. 2014;58(4):208\u201316.","journal-title":"J Prosthodont Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"1377_CR3","first-page":"223","volume":"23","author":"S Vanoorbeek","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vanoorbeek S, Vandamme K, Lijnen I, Naert I. Computer-aided designed\/computer-assisted manufactured composite resin versus ceramic single-tooth restorations: a 3-year clinical study. Int J Prosthodont. 2010;23(3):223\u201330.","journal-title":"Int J Prosthodont"},{"issue":"2","key":"1377_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158 e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2022.02.009","volume":"128","author":"LH Schlichting","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schlichting LH, Resende TH, Reis KR, Raybolt Dos Santos A, Correa IC, Magne P. Ultrathin CAD-CAM glass-ceramic and composite resin occlusal veneers for the treatment of severe dental erosion: an up to 3-year randomized clinical trial. J Prosthet Dent. 2022;128(2):158 e1-e12.","journal-title":"J Prosthet Dent"},{"issue":"1","key":"1377_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2016.10.009","volume":"33","author":"R Belli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Belli R, Wendler M, de Ligny D, Cicconi MR, Petschelt A, Peterlik H, et al. Chairside CAD\/CAM materials. Part 1: measurement of elastic constants and microstructural characterization. Dent Mater. 2017;33(1):84\u201398.","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"4","key":"1377_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2018.01.002","volume":"34","author":"L Lassila","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lassila L, Keulemans F, Sailynoja E, Vallittu PK, Garoushi S. Mechanical properties and fracture behavior of flowable fiber reinforced composite restorations. Dent Mater. 2018;34(4):598\u2013606.","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"12","key":"1377_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034514553976","volume":"93","author":"ND Ruse","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ruse ND, Sadoun MJ. Resin-composite blocks for dental CAD\/CAM applications. J Dent Res. 2014;93(12):1232\u20134.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"1377_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2023.104623","volume":"136","author":"I Papathanasiou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Papathanasiou I, Kamposiora P, Dimitriadis K, Papavasiliou G, Zinelis S. In vitro evaluation of CAD\/CAM composite materials. J Dent. 2023;136:104623.","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"issue":"1","key":"1377_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1080\/23337931.2016.1224670","volume":"2","author":"K Nagata","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nagata K, Garoushi SK, Vallittu PK, Wakabayashi N, Takahashi H, Lassila LVJ. Fracture behavior of single-structure fiber-reinforced composite restorations. Acta Biomater Odontol Scand. 2016;2(1):118\u201324.","journal-title":"Acta Biomater Odontol Scand"},{"issue":"9","key":"1377_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5449","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-023-05164-2","volume":"27","author":"S Garoushi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Garoushi S, Akbasak-Sungur AO, Erkut S, Vallittu PK, Uctasli S, Lassila L. Evaluation of fracture behavior in short fiber-reinforced direct and indirect overlay restorations. Clin Oral Investig. 2023;27(9):5449\u201358.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"4","key":"1377_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-024-05605-6","volume":"28","author":"F Jin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jin F, Yu X, Zhou H, Zhou J, Yang J, Luo Y, et al. Fracture resistance of CAD\/CAM endocrowns made from different materials in maxillary premolar interproximal defects. Clin Oral Investig. 2024;28(4):220.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"8","key":"1377_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2020.04.012","volume":"36","author":"N Suzaki","year":"2020","unstructured":"Suzaki N, Yamaguchi S, Hirose N, Tanaka R, Takahashi Y, Imazato S, et al. Evaluation of physical properties of fiber-reinforced composite resin. Dent Mater. 2020;36(8):987\u201396.","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"2","key":"1377_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2022.12.003","volume":"39","author":"AA Khan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Khan AA, Zafar MS, Fareed MA, AlMufareh NA, Alshehri F, AlSunbul H, et al. Fiber-reinforced composites in dentistry\u2014an insight into adhesion aspects of the material and the restored tooth construct. Dent Mater. 2023;39(2):141\u201351.","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"key":"1377_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2019.103537","volume":"103","author":"J Tiu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tiu J, Belli R, Lohbauer U. Rising R-curves in particulate\/fiber-reinforced resin composite layered systems. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2020;103:103537.","journal-title":"J Mech Behav Biomed Mater"},{"issue":"9","key":"1377_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2022.07.001","volume":"38","author":"RS Babaier","year":"2022","unstructured":"Babaier RS, Haider J, Alshabib A, Silikas N, Watts DC. Mechanical behaviour of prosthodontic CAD\/CAM polymer composites aged in three food-simulating liquids. Dent Mater. 2022;38(9):1492\u2013506.","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"11","key":"1377_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2006.11.017","volume":"23","author":"S Garoushi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Garoushi S, Vallittu PK, Lassila LV. Short glass fiber reinforced restorative composite resin with semi-inter penetrating polymer network matrix. Dent Mater. 2007;23(11):1356\u201362.","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"1","key":"1377_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2014.07.009","volume":"31","author":"PK Vallittu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vallittu PK. High-aspect ratio fillers: fiber-reinforced composites and their anisotropic properties. Dent Mater. 2015;31(1):1\u20137.","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"4","key":"1377_CR18","first-page":"189","volume":"28","author":"E Mangoush","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mangoush E, Garoushi S, Vallittu PK, Lassila L. Influence of short fiber- reinforced composites on fracture resistance of single-structure restorations. Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent. 2020;28(4):189\u201398.","journal-title":"Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent"},{"key":"1377_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1922\/ejprd_2207mangoush09","author":"E Mangoush","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mangoush E, Lassila L, Vallittu PK, Garoushi S. Microstructure and surface characteristics of short-fiber reinforced CAD\/CAM composite blocks. Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1922\/ejprd_2207mangoush09.","journal-title":"Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent"},{"issue":"5","key":"1377_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.12815","volume":"129","author":"E Mangoush","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mangoush E, Lassila L, Vallittu PK, Garoushi S. Shear-bond strength and optical properties of short fiber-reinforced CAD\/CAM composite blocks. Eur J Oral Sci. 2021;129(5):e12815.","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"1377_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.2186\/jpr.JPR_D_22_00050","volume":"67","author":"L Lassila","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lassila L, Mangoush E, Vallittu PK, Garoushi S. Fracture behavior of discontinuous fiber-reinforced composite inlay-retained fixed partial denture before and after fatigue aging. J Prosthodont Res. 2023;67(2):271\u20137.","journal-title":"J Prosthodont Res"},{"issue":"5-6","key":"1377_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.12951","volume":"131","author":"E Mangoush","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mangoush E, Garoushi S, Vallittu P, Lassila L. Load-bearing capacity and wear characteristics of short fiber-reinforced composite and glass ceramic fixed partial dentures. Eur J Oral Sci. 2023;131(5\u20136):e12951.","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"1377_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2022.04.001","volume":"38","author":"R Babaier","year":"2022","unstructured":"Babaier R, Watts DC, Silikas N. Effects of three food-simulating liquids on the roughness and hardness of CAD\/CAM polymer composites. Dent Mater. 2022;38(5):874\u201385.","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"1","key":"1377_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.12834","volume":"130","author":"RA Alamoush","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alamoush RA, Salim NA, Silikas N, Satterthwaite JD. Long-term hydrolytic stability of CAD\/CAM composite blocks. Eur J Oral Sci. 2022;130(1):e12834.","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"1377_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2021.04.009","volume":"37","author":"RA Alamoush","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alamoush RA, Sung R, Satterthwaite JD, Silikas N. The effect of different storage media on the monomer elution and hardness of CAD\/CAM composite blocks. Dent Mater. 2021;37(7):1202\u201313.","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"1-3","key":"1377_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0927-7757(01)00783-X","volume":"194","author":"A Norstr\u00f6m","year":"2001","unstructured":"Norstr\u00f6m A, Watson H, Engstr\u00f6m B, Rosenholm J. Treatment of E-glass fibres with acid, base and silanes. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp. 2001;194(1\u20133):143\u201357.","journal-title":"Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp"},{"issue":"12","key":"1377_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1854","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2021.09.016","volume":"37","author":"M Aldhafyan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aldhafyan M, Silikas N, Watts DC. Influence of curing modes on thermal stability, hardness development and network integrity of dual-cure resin cements. Dent Mater. 2021;37(12):1854\u201364.","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"3","key":"1377_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.4012\/dmj.2020-028","volume":"40","author":"A Alshabib","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alshabib A, Algamaiah H, Silikas N, Watts DC. Material behavior of resin composites with and without fibers after extended water storage. Dent Mater J. 2021;40(3):557\u201365.","journal-title":"Dent Mater J"},{"key":"1377_CR29","unstructured":"BS EN ISO 4049:2019 - Dentistry. Polymer-based restorative materials. International Organization for Standardization; ISO 4049:2019."},{"issue":"5","key":"1377_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.4012\/dmj.2018-249","volume":"38","author":"T Yasue","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yasue T, Iwasaki N, Shiozawa M, Tsuchida Y, Suzuki T, Takahashi H. Effect of fiberglass orientation on flexural properties of fiberglass-reinforced composite resin block for CAD\/CAM. Dent Mater J. 2019;38(5):738\u201342.","journal-title":"Dent Mater J"},{"issue":"23","key":"1377_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma14237185","volume":"14","author":"F Bechir","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bechir F, Bataga SM, Tohati A, Ungureanu E, Cotrut CM, Bechir ES, et al. Evaluation of the behavior of two CAD\/CAM fiber-reinforced composite dental materials by immersion tests. Materials. 2021;14(23):7185.","journal-title":"Materials"},{"issue":"19","key":"1377_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym17192591","volume":"17","author":"H Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m-I\u015f\u0131k","year":"2025","unstructured":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m-I\u015f\u0131k H, B\u00fcy\u00fckg\u00f6ze-Dindar M. Effect of simulated gastric acid on surface characteristics and color stability of hybrid CAD\/CAM materials. Polymers. 2025;17(19):2591.","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"1377_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.13913","author":"R Sasany","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sasany R, Jamjoom F, U\u00e7ar SM, Y\u0131lmaz B. Nanoindentation creep: the impact of water and artificial saliva storage on milled and 3D-printed resin composites. J Prosthodont. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jopr.13913.","journal-title":"J Prosthodont"},{"issue":"3","key":"1377_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-018-0405-y","volume":"107","author":"L Lassila","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lassila L, S\u00e4ilynoja E, Prinssi R, Vallittu P, Garoushi S. Characterization of a new fiber-reinforced flowable composite. Odontology. 2019;107(3):342\u201352.","journal-title":"Odontology"},{"issue":"11","key":"1377_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.3390\/polym17111553","volume":"17","author":"T Tarj\u00e1nyi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tarj\u00e1nyi T, Jakab AG, S\u00e1mi M, Bali K, R\u00e1rosi F, Jar\u00e1bik ML, et al. The nanomechanical performance and water uptake of a flowable short fiber composite: the influence of bulk and layering restorative techniques. Polymers. 2025;17(11):1553.","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"1377_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym17050676","author":"S Almuhayya","year":"2025","unstructured":"Almuhayya S, Alshahrani R, Alsania R, Albassam A, Alnemari H, Babaier R. Biofilm formation on three high-performance polymeric CAD\/CAM composites: an in vitro study. Polymers. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/polym17050676.","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"issue":"7","key":"1377_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-4361(95)96805-G","volume":"26","author":"JL Thomason","year":"1995","unstructured":"Thomason JL. The interface region in glass fibre-reinforced epoxy resin composites: 2. Water absorption, voids and the interface. Composites. 1995;26(7):477\u201385.","journal-title":"Composites"},{"issue":"1","key":"1377_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2017.09.002","volume":"34","author":"JP Matinlinna","year":"2018","unstructured":"Matinlinna JP, Lung CYK, Tsoi JKH. Silane adhesion mechanism in dental applications and surface treatments: a review. Dent Mater. 2018;34(1):13\u201328.","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"issue":"16","key":"1377_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma16165663","volume":"16","author":"G Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang G, Zhang J, Li F, Li K, Xin M, Zhu J, et al. Enhancement of alkali resistance of glass fibers via in situ modification of manganese-based Nnanomaterials. Materials. 2023;16(16):5663.","journal-title":"Materials"}],"container-title":["Odontology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10266-026-01377-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10266-026-01377-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10266-026-01377-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T15:56:25Z","timestamp":1775058985000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10266-026-01377-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["1377"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10266-026-01377-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1618-1247","1618-1255"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1618-1247","type":"print"},{"value":"1618-1255","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Author PKV declares consulting for Stick Tech, a member of GC, in training and R&D. Author ES declares employment in the research and production department at Stick Tech Ltd, a GC Europe AG company. The other authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"No ethical approval is required.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"No informed consent is required.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}