{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T22:44:02Z","timestamp":1785797042287,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785715200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005639","name":"Universidade De S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005639","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Odontology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study evaluated the effectiveness of four irrigation techniques used during root canal treatment [conventional irrigation (CU), Irriflex (IF), Easy Clean (EC), and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI)] in removing calcium hydroxide\u2013based and calcium silicate\u2013based intracanal medications from the isthmus of mesial root canals in 3D-printed mandibular molar replicas. A mandibular molar with presence of an isthmus in the mesial roots and moderate curvature was instrumented with Reciproc R40.06, scanned by Micro Computed Tomography (micro-CT), and used as model to create 64 standardized translucent resin replicas. The mesial roots and isthmus areas were filled with Ultracal XS or Bio-C Temp and scanned again. After 7 days, replicas were reinstrumented and subjected to the irrigation protocols, followed by micro-CT analysis of medication removal. The percentage of remaining intracanal medication volume was analyzed using a t-test. The percentage of medication removed in the isthmus area was also calculated and analyzed using two-way ANOVA (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) to evaluate the effects of different factors, followed by Tukey\u2019s post hoc test for multiple comparisons. PUI promoted the highest removal of Ultracal XS in percentage (98.2\u2009\u00b1\u20092.28) (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), with no differences among the other techniques. For Bio-C Temp, all protocols performed similarly. PUI showed similar performance for both medications, while the other techniques removed Bio-C Temp more effectively than Ultracal XS.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-026-01509-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T21:44:51Z","timestamp":1785793491000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effectiveness of irrigation systems for removing intracanal medication isthmuses in 3D-printed molars replicas"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4801-9504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Augusto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1502-3881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. J. S.","family":"Torres-Carrillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2726-219X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gustavo","family":"dos Santos Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2107-1763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P. S.","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2704-5730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I. B. F.","family":"Petean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7696-7600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. D.","family":"Sousa-Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9889-1790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. F.","family":"Mazzi-Chaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4375-3371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F. C.","family":"Lopes-Olh\u00ea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"1509_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13417","volume":"54","author":"N Villalta-Briones","year":"2021","unstructured":"Villalta-Briones N, Baca P, Bravo M, Solana C, Aguado-P\u00e9rez B, Ruiz-Linares M, et al. A laboratory study of root canal and isthmus disinfection in extracted teeth using various activation methods with a mixture of sodium hypochlorite and etidronic acid. Int Endod J. 2021;54(2):268\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iej.13417.","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"3","key":"1509_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2591.2001.00373.x","volume":"34","author":"OA Peters","year":"2001","unstructured":"Peters OA, Sch\u00f6nenberger K, Laib A. Effects of four Ni\u2013Ti preparation techniques on root canal geometry assessed by micro computed tomography. Int Endod J. 2001;34(3):221\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2591.2001.00373.x.","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"10","key":"1509_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/s0099-2399(84)80204-6","volume":"10","author":"CL Mader","year":"1984","unstructured":"Mader CL, Baumgartner JC, Peters DD. Scanning electron microscopic investigation of the smeared layer on root canal walls. J Endod. 1984;10(10):477\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0099-2399(84)80204-6.","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"2","key":"1509_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2010.01823.x","volume":"44","author":"F Paqu\u00e9","year":"2011","unstructured":"Paqu\u00e9 F, Boessler C, Zehnder M. Accumulated hard tissue debris levels in mesial roots of mandibular molars after sequential irrigation steps: Debris reduction. Int Endod J. 2011;44(2):148\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2010.01823.x.","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"1","key":"1509_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13836","volume":"56","author":"L Robberecht","year":"2023","unstructured":"Robberecht L, Delattre J, Meire M. Isthmus morphology influences debridement efficacy of activated irrigation: A laboratory study involving biofilm mimicking hydrogel removal and high-speed imaging. Int Endod J. 2023;56(1):118\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iej.13836.","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"2","key":"1509_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12842","volume":"51","author":"A Kele\u015f","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kele\u015f A, Keskin C. A micro-computed tomographic study of band-shaped root canal isthmuses having their floor in the apical third of mesial roots of mandibular first molars. Int Endod J. 2018;51(2):240\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iej.12842.","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"1","key":"1509_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-1546.2005.00129.x","volume":"10","author":"FJ Vertucci","year":"2005","unstructured":"Vertucci FJ. Root canal morphology and its relationship to endodontic procedures. Endod Top. 2005;10(1):3\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1601-1546.2005.00129.x.","journal-title":"Endod Top"},{"issue":"3","key":"1509_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2008.11.029","volume":"35","author":"L Gu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gu L, Wei X, Ling J, Huang X. A microcomputed tomographic study of canal isthmuses in the mesial root of mandibular first molars in a Chinese population. J Endod. 2009;35(3):353\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2008.11.029.","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"11","key":"1509_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1866","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2010.08.030","volume":"36","author":"B Fan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fan B, Pan Y, Gao Y, Fang F, Wu Q, Gutmann JL. Three-dimensional morphologic analysis of isthmuses in the mesial roots of mandibular molars. J Endod. 2010;36(11):1866\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2010.08.030.","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"9","key":"1509_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2009.05.035","volume":"35","author":"GB Carr","year":"2009","unstructured":"Carr GB, Schwartz RS, Schauddinn C, Gorur A, Costerton JW. Ultrastructural examination of failed molar retreatment with secondary apical periodontitis: An examination of endodontic biofilms in an endodontic retreatment failure. J Endod. 2009;35(9):1303\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2009.05.035.","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"8","key":"1509_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2005.00994.x","volume":"38","author":"F Mannocci","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mannocci F, Peru M, Sherriff M, Cook R, Pitt Ford TR. The isthmuses of the mesial root of mandibular molars: A micro-computed tomographic study. Int Endod J. 2005;38(8):558\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2005.00994.x.","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"11","key":"1509_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2016.08.003","volume":"42","author":"FRF Alves","year":"2016","unstructured":"12, Alves FRF, Andrade-Junior CV, Marceliano-Alves MF, P\u00e9rez AR, R\u00f4\u00e7as IN, Versiani MA, et al. Adjunctive steps for disinfection of the mandibular molar root canal system: A correlative bacteriologic, micro\u2013computed tomography, and cryopulverization approach. J Endod. 2016;42(11):1667\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2016.08.003.","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"7","key":"1509_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2016.04.013","volume":"42","author":"S Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim S, Jung H, Kim S, Shin SJ, Kim E. The influence of an isthmus on the outcomes of surgically treated molars: A retrospective study. J Endod. 2016;42(7):1029\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2016.04.013.","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"11","key":"1509_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2008.08.015","volume":"34","author":"G De-Deus","year":"2008","unstructured":"De-Deus G, Reis C, Beznos D, de Abranches AMG, Coutinho-Filho T, Paciornik S. Limited ability of three commonly used thermoplasticized gutta-percha techniques in filling oval-shaped canals. J Endod. 2008;34(11):1401\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2008.08.015.","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"5","key":"1509_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2591.1999.00275.x","volume":"32","author":"JF Siqueira Jr","year":"1999","unstructured":"Siqueira JF Jr, Lopes HP. Mechanisms of antimicrobial activity of calcium hydroxide: A critical review. Int Endod J. 1999;32(5):361\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2591.1999.00275.x.","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"6","key":"1509_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1590\/0103-6440202003376","volume":"31","author":"N Villa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Villa N, Santos VVD, Costa UMD, Mendes AT, Duarte PHM, Rosa RAD, et al. A new calcium silicate-based root canal dressing: Physical and chemical properties, cytotoxicity and dentinal tubule penetration. Braz Dent J. 2020;31(6):598\u2013604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/0103-6440202003376.","journal-title":"Braz Dent J"},{"issue":"7","key":"1509_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2591.2002.00539.x","volume":"35","author":"SK Kim","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kim SK, Kim YO. Influence of calcium hydroxide intracanal medication on apical seal. Int Endod J. 2002;35(7):623\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2591.2002.00539.x.","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"2","key":"1509_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1111\/aej.12460","volume":"47","author":"NC Tavella e Silva","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tavella e Silva NC, Gibin JT, Rivera ICMM, Rached Junior FJA, Leoni GB, Raucci-Neto W. Calcium hydroxide paste removal strategies and bond strengths of epoxy- and silicate-based sealers. Aust Endod J. 2021;47(2):236\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aej.12460.","journal-title":"Aust Endod J"},{"issue":"7","key":"1509_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12668","volume":"50","author":"R Wigler","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wigler R, Dvir R, Weisman A, Matalon S, Kfir A. Efficacy of XP-endo Finisher files in the removal of calcium hydroxide paste from artificial standardized grooves in the apical third of oval root canals. Int Endod J. 2017;50(7):700\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iej.12668.","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"2","key":"1509_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-018-2483-1","volume":"23","author":"EJNL Silva","year":"2019","unstructured":"Silva EJNL, Carvalho CR, Belladonna FG, Prado MC, Lopes RT, De-Deus G, Moreira EJL. Micro-CT evaluation of different final irrigation protocols on the removal of hard-tissue debris from isthmus-containing mesial root of mandibular molars. Clin Oral Investig. 2019;23(2):681\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-018-2483-1.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"1509_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"de Oliveira RL, Guerisoli DMZ, Duque JA, Alcalde MP, Onoda HK, Domingues FHF, Vivan RR, Duarte MAH. Computed microtomography evaluation of calcium hydroxide-based root canal dressing removal from oval root canals by different methods of irrigation. Microsc Res Tech. 2019;82(3):232\u2013237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jemt.23164.","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.23164"},{"key":"1509_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.5152\/eej.2016.16003","volume":"1","author":"CV Andrade-Junior","year":"2016","unstructured":"Andrade-Junior CV, Batista RM, Marceliano-Alves M, Alves F, Silva EJNL. Efficacy of a new activation device in irrigant penetration into simulated lateral canals. Eur Endod J. 2016;1:2\u20135.","journal-title":"Eur Endod J"},{"issue":"4","key":"1509_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.3390\/dj10040059","volume":"10","author":"C Provoost","year":"2022","unstructured":"Provoost C, Rocca GT, Thibault A, Machtou P, Bouilllaguet S. Influence of Needle Design and Irrigant Flow Rate on the Removal of Enterococcus faecalis Biofilms In Vitro. Dent J (Basel). 2022;10(4):59. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/dj10040059","journal-title":"Dent J (Basel)"},{"issue":"7","key":"1509_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2006.11.023","volume":"33","author":"JF Siqueira Jr","year":"2007","unstructured":"Siqueira JF Jr, Guimar\u00e3es-Pinto T, R\u00f4\u00e7as IN. Effects of chemomechanical preparation with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and intracanal medication with calcium hydroxide on cultivable bacteria in infected root canals. J Endod. 2007;33(7):800\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2006.11.023.","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"3","key":"1509_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1111\/aej.12508","volume":"47","author":"MEL Machado","year":"2021","unstructured":"Machado MEL, Veintimilla LVN, Carrillo-Rengifo KJ, Guill\u00e9n REG, Caballero-Flores H, Nabeshima CK. Confocal laser scanning microscopic analysis of the penetration of an epoxy resin-based sealer into dentinal tubules after calcium hydroxide dressing. Aust Endod J. 2021;47(3):480\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aej.12508.","journal-title":"Aust Endod J"},{"issue":"6","key":"1509_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ZC43","DOI":"10.7860\/JCDR\/2016\/18296.7985","volume":"10","author":"AA Srivastava","year":"2016","unstructured":"Srivastava AA, Srivastava H, Prasad AB, Raisingani D, Soni D. Effect of calcium hydroxide, chlorhexidine digluconate and camphorated monochlorophenol on the sealing ability of Biodentine apical plug. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016;10(6):ZC43\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7860\/JCDR\/2016\/18296.7985.","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"1509_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2024.07.008","volume":"50","author":"YJ Yoo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yoo YJ, Kim JH, Hwang JJ, Sigurdsson A, Kim HC. Efficacy of different irrigation needles and ultrasonic activation on calcium hydroxide removal: A micro-CT study using 3D-printed endodontic models. J Endod. 2024;50(10):1478\u201383.","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"1509_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2020.105112","volume":"67","author":"N Vyas","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vyas N, Wang QX, Manmi KA, Sammons RL, Kuehne SA, Walmsley AD. How does ultrasonic cavitation remove dental bacterial biofilm? Ultrason Sonochem. 2020;67:105112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2020.105112.","journal-title":"Ultrason Sonochem"},{"issue":"2","key":"1509_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12","DOI":"10.5395\/rde.2024.49.e12","volume":"49","author":"AT Cordova","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cordova AT, Alcalde MP, Klymus ME, Bonjardim LR, Vivan RR, Duarte MAH. Impact of different agitation methods on smear layer cleaning of mesial canals with accentuated curvature. Restor Dent Endod. 2024;49(2):e12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5395\/rde.2024.49.e12.","journal-title":"Restor Dent Endod"},{"key":"1509_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1007\/s10266-025-01064-x","volume":"113","author":"A Baasch","year":"2025","unstructured":"Baasch A, Ram\u00edrez-Mu\u00f1oz A, Navarrete N, Navarro-Candel M, Kourygonz\u00e1lez JM, Esteves-Nieves O, et al. Influence of irrigation needle design on cleaning efficiency in 3D mandibular molar models. Odontology. 2025;113:1180\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10266-025-01064-x.","journal-title":"Odontology"},{"issue":"8","key":"1509_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2025.04.011","volume":"51","author":"SN Usta","year":"2025","unstructured":"Usta SN, Avc\u0131 E, Oktay AN, Keskin C. Combination of Chitosan Nanoparticles, EDTA, and Irrigation Activation Enhances TGF-\u03b21 Release from Dentin: A Laboratory Study. J Endod. 2025;51(8):1081\u20131087","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"1509_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e056","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0056","volume":"37","author":"PM Escobar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Escobar PM, Silva-Sousa AC, Camargo RV, Sim\u00f5es-Carvalho M, Silva-Sousa YT, Mazzi-Chaves JF, et al. Influence of bioceramic intracanal medication on the bond strength of bioceramic root canal sealer. Braz Oral Res. 2023;37:e056. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0056.","journal-title":"Braz Oral Res"},{"key":"1509_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e012","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0012","volume":"36","author":"MB Souza","year":"2022","unstructured":"Souza MB, Silva TR, Oliveira RC, Lima CR, Mendes AP, Santos LR. Comparative analysis of residual intracanal medicaments: Bio-C Temp vs UltraCal XS. Braz Oral Res. 2022;36:e012. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0012.","journal-title":"Braz Oral Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"1509_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13223","volume":"53","author":"B Marques-da-Silva","year":"2020","unstructured":"Marques-da-Silva B, Alberton CS, Tomazinho FSF, Gabardo MCL, Duarte MAH, Vivan RR. Effectiveness of five instruments when removing calcium hydroxide paste from simulated internal root resorption cavities in extracted maxillary central incisors. Int Endod J. 2020;53(3):366\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iej.13223.","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"1","key":"1509_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1111\/aej.12608","volume":"48","author":"Y G\u00fcven","year":"2022","unstructured":"G\u00fcven Y, Ali A, Arslan H. Efficiency of Endosonic Blue, Eddy, Ultra X and Endoactivator in the removal of calcium hydroxide paste from root canals. Aust Endod J. 2022;48(1):32\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aej.12608.","journal-title":"Aust Endod J"},{"issue":"1","key":"1509_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2020.09.017","volume":"47","author":"LCL Dias-Junior","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dias-Junior LCL, Castro RF, Fernandes AD, Guerreiro MYR, Silva EJNL, Brand\u00e3o JMS. Final endodontic irrigation with 70% ethanol enhanced calcium hydroxide removal from the apical third. J Endod. 2021;47(1):105\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2020.09.017.","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"2","key":"1509_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2023.10.014","volume":"50","author":"AJS Torres-Carrillo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Torres-Carrillo AJS, Assis HC, Salazar-Gamarra RE, Teodosio LM, Silva-Sousa AC, Mazzi-Chaves JF, et al. Evaluation of different techniques and materials for filling in 3-dimensional printed teeth replicas with perforating internal resorption by means of micro-computed tomography. J Endod. 2024;50(2):205\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.joen.2023.10.014.","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"issue":"4","key":"1509_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2591.2003.00638.x","volume":"36","author":"FB Teixeira","year":"2003","unstructured":"Teixeira FB, Sano CL, Gomes BP, Zaia AA, Ferraz CCR, Souza-Filho FJA. A preliminary in vitro study of the incidence and position of the root canal isthmus in maxillary and mandibular first molars. Int Endod J. 2003;36(4):276\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2591.2003.00638.x.","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"5","key":"1509_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2407","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-023-04884-9","volume":"27","author":"C Kooanantkul","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kooanantkul C, Shelton RM, Camilleri J. Comparison of obturation quality in natural and replica teeth root-filled using different sealers and techniques. Clin Oral Investig. 2023;27(5):2407\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-023-04884-9.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"}],"container-title":["Odontology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10266-026-01509-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10266-026-01509-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10266-026-01509-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T21:44:53Z","timestamp":1785793493000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10266-026-01509-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["1509"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10266-026-01509-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1618-1247","1618-1255"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1618-1247","type":"print"},{"value":"1618-1255","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 August 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}