{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T02:21:22Z","timestamp":1790821282208,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757894400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Digit Imaging. Inform. med."],"DOI":"10.1007\/s10278-025-01669-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T18:21:47Z","timestamp":1757960507000},"page":"2559-2568","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Fractal Analysis of Mandibular Condyles in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3455-2586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esra","family":"Yavuz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9546-6548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Selmi","family":"Yardimci Tunc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0869-875X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Humeyra","family":"Tercanli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"1669_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Minervini G, Fiorillo L, Russo D, Lanza A, D\u2019Amico C, Cervino G, Meto A, Di Francesco F. Prosthodontic treatment in patients with temporomandibular disorders and orofacial pain and\/or bruxism: a review of the literature.\u00a0Prosthesis 4(2):253-262, 2022","DOI":"10.3390\/prosthesis4020025"},{"key":"1669_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iodice G, Cimino R, Vollaro S, Lobbezoo F, Michelotti A. Prevalence of temporomandibular disorder pain, jaw noises and oral behaviours in an adult Italian population sample. J\u00a0Oral Rehabil 46(8):691-698, 2019","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12803"},{"key":"1669_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li DTS, Leung YY. Temporomandibular disorders: current concepts and controversies in diagnosis and management.\u00a0Diagnostics 11(3):459, 2021","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11030459"},{"key":"1669_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00d6zdin\u00e7 S, Ata H, Sel\u00e7uk H, Can HB, Sermenli N, Turan FN. Temporomandibular joint disorder determined by Fonseca anamnestic index and associated factors in 18-to 27-year-old university students.\u00a0Cranio 38(5):327-332, 2020","DOI":"10.1080\/08869634.2018.1513442"},{"key":"1669_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arsan B, K\u00f6se TE, \u00c7ene E, \u00d6zcan \u0130. Assessment of the trabecular structure of mandibular condyles in patients with temporomandibular disorders using fractal analysis.\u00a0Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 123(3):382-391, 2017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.11.005"},{"key":"1669_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaynak BA, Ta\u015f S, Salk\u0131n Y. The accuracy and reliability of the Turkish version of the Fonseca anamnestic index in temporomandibular disorders.\u00a0Cranio 41(1):78-83, 2023","DOI":"10.1080\/08869634.2020.1812808"},{"key":"1669_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dumbuya A, Gomes AF, Marchini L, Zeng E, Comnick CL, Melo SLS. Bone changes in the temporomandibular joints of older adults: A cone\u2010beam computed tomography study. Spec Care Dentist 40(1):84-89, 2020","DOI":"10.1111\/scd.12441"},{"key":"1669_CR8","unstructured":"Ara SA, Patil BM, Ashraf S. Condylar morphological variants and its association with age, TMD and dentition status: A digital panoramic study.\u00a0IP Int J Maxillofac Imaging 2(1):10-16, 2021"},{"key":"1669_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paradowska-Stolarz A, Wieckiewicz M, Kozakiewicz M, Jurczyszyn K. Mechanical properties, fractal dimension, and texture analysis of selected 3D-printed resins used in dentistry that underwent the compression test.\u00a0Polymers 15(7):1772, 2023","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15071772"},{"key":"1669_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kato CN, Barra SG, Tavares NP, Amaral TM, Brasileiro CB, Mesquita RA, et al. Use of fractal analysis in dental images: a systematic review. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 49(2):20180457, 2020","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.20180457"},{"key":"1669_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suomalainen A, Pakbaznejad Esmaeili E, Robinson S. Dentomaxillofacial imaging with panoramic views and cone beam CT. Insights Imaging 6(1):1-16, 2015","DOI":"10.1007\/s13244-014-0379-4"},{"key":"1669_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B\u00e4ck K, Ahlqwist M, Hakeberg M, Dahlstr\u00f6m L. Occurrence of signs of osteoarthritis\/arthrosis in the temporomandibular joint on panoramic radiographs in Swedish women.\u00a0Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 45(5):478-484, 2017","DOI":"10.1111\/cdoe.12312"},{"key":"1669_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mathew AL, Sholapurkar AA, Pai KM. Condylar changes and its association with age, TMD, and dentition status: a cross-sectional study. Int J Dent 2011:413639, 2011","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/413639"},{"key":"1669_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Faul F, Erdfelder E, Buchner A, Lang AG. Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses.\u00a0Behavior Research Methods\u00a041(4):1149\u20131160, 2009","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149"},{"key":"1669_CR15","unstructured":"Fonseca DD, Bonfante G, Valle AD, Freitas STD. Diagnosis of the craniomandibular disfunction through anamnesis.\u00a0RGO 42(1):23-28, 1994."},{"key":"1669_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cui Y, Kang F, Li X, Shi X, Zhu X. A nomogram for predicting the risk of temporomandibular disorders in university students.\u00a0BMC Oral Health 24(1):1047, 2024","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-04832-3"},{"key":"1669_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Im YG, Lee JS, Park JI, Lim HS, Kim BG, Kim JH. Diagnostic accuracy and reliability of panoramic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) radiography to detect bony lesions in patients with TMJ osteoarthritis. J Dent Sci 13(4):396-404, 2018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jds.2018.08.006"},{"key":"1669_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Ekrish AAA, Al-Juhani HO, Alhaidari RI, Alfaleh WM. Comparative study of the prevalence of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritic changes in cone beam computed tomograms of patients with or without temporomandibular disorder.\u00a0Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 120(1): 78-85, 2015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2015.04.008"},{"key":"1669_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"White SC, Rudolph DJ. Alterations of the trabecular pattern of the jaws in patients with osteoporosis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 88(5):628-635, 1999","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(99)70097-1"},{"key":"1669_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aktuna Belgin C, Serindere G. Evaluation of trabecular bone changes in patients with periodontitis using fractal analysis: A periapical radiography study. J Periodontol 91(7):933-937, 2020","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.19-0452"},{"key":"1669_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pekince A, Azla\u011f Pekince K, Yasa Y. How does the direction of region of interest selection affect the fractal dimension?. Oral Radiol 41(2):180\u2013189, 2025","DOI":"10.1007\/s11282-024-00786-y"},{"key":"1669_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shrout MK, Hildebolt CF, Potter BJ. The effect of varying the region of interest on calculations of fractal index. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 26(5):295\u2013298, 1997","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.dmfr.4600260"},{"key":"1669_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koo TK, Li MY. A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research. J Chiropr Med 15(2):155-163, 2016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012"},{"key":"1669_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"dos Santos Berni KC, Dibai-Filho AV, Rodrigues-Bigaton D. Accuracy of the Fonseca anamnestic index in the identification of myogenous temporomandibular disorder in female community cases.\u00a0J Body Mov Ther 19(3): 404-409, 2015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2014.08.001"},{"key":"1669_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Augusto VG, Perina KCB, Penha DSG, Dos Santos DCA, Oliveira VAS. Temporomandibular dysfunction, stress and common mental disorder in university students.\u00a0Acta Ortop Bras 24(6): 330-333, 2016","DOI":"10.1590\/1413-785220162406162873"},{"key":"1669_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gumussoy I, Duman SB. Alternative cone-beam CT method for the analysis of mandibular condylar bone in patients with degenerative joint disease. Oral Radiol 36(2):177-182, 2020","DOI":"10.1007\/s11282-019-00395-0"},{"key":"1669_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Talmaceanu D, Lenghel LM, Bolog N, Hedesiu M, Buduru S, Rotar H. Baciut M, Baciut G. Imaging modalities for temporomandibular joint disorders: an update. Clujul Med 91(3):280\u2013287, 2018","DOI":"10.15386\/cjmed-970"},{"key":"1669_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Michels M, Morais-Faria K, Rivera C, Brand\u00e3o TB, Santos-Silva AR, Oliveira ML. Structural complexity of the craniofacial trabecular bone in multiple myeloma assessed by fractal analysis. Imaging Sci Dent 52(1):33-41, 2022","DOI":"10.5624\/isd.20210160"},{"key":"1669_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bayrak S, G\u00f6ller Bulut D, Orhan K, Sinano\u011flu EA, Kur\u015fun \u00c7akmak E\u015e, M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131 M, Ankarali H. Evaluation of osseous changes in dental panoramic radiography of thalassemia patients using mandibular indexes and fractal size analysis. Oral Radiol 36(1):18-24, 2020","DOI":"10.1007\/s11282-019-00372-7"},{"key":"1669_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mishra S, Kumar M, Mishra L, Panda S, Panda S, Lewkowicz N, Lapinska B. Estimation of Cancellous Changes Using Fractal Analysis in Patients with Periodontitis. Biomedicines 11(9):2547, 2023","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11092547"},{"key":"1669_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K\u0131\u015f HC, G\u00fclery\u00fcz G\u00fcrbulak A. Evaluation of the peri-implant bone trabecular microstructure changes in short implants with fractal analysis. Int J Implant Dent 6(1):13, 2020","DOI":"10.1186\/s40729-020-00209-7"},{"key":"1669_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eninan\u00e7 \u0130, Yeler DY, \u00c7\u0131nar Z. Investigation of mandibular fractal dimension on digital panoramic radiographs in bruxist individuals. Oral Surg\u00a0Oral Med\u00a0Oral Pathol\u00a0Oral Radiol 131(5):600-609, 2021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2021.01.017"},{"key":"1669_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carvalho BF, de Castro JGK, de Melo NS, de Souza Figueiredo PT, Moreira-Mesquita CR, de Paula AP, Sindeaux R, Leite AF. Fractal dimension analysis on CBCT scans for detecting low bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. Imaging Sci Dent 52(1):53-60, 2022","DOI":"10.5624\/isd.20210172"},{"key":"1669_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Laxmi Swetha K, Vankadara S, Shiny Chelshiya N, Akula B. Comparative fractal analysis of mandibular condyles in temporomandibular disorder and non-temporomandibular disorder patients using cone-beam computed tomography. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 15(3):631-637, 2025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2025.03.017"},{"key":"1669_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yavuz E, Yardimci S. Comparison of periapical radiography, panoramic radiography, and CBCT in the evaluation of trabecular bone structure using fractal analysis. Oral Radiol 40(3):394-400, 2024","DOI":"10.1007\/s11282-024-00743-9"},{"key":"1669_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Magat G, Ozcan Sener S. Evaluation of trabecular pattern of mandible using fractal dimension, bone area fraction, and gray scale value: comparison of cone-beam computed tomography and panoramic radiography. Oral Radiol 35(1):35-42, 2019","DOI":"10.1007\/s11282-018-0316-1"},{"key":"1669_CR37","unstructured":"Jagur O, Kull M, Leibur E, Kallikorm R, Loorits D, Lember M, et al. Relationship between radiographic changes in the temporomandibular joint and bone mineral density: a population based study. Stomatologija13(2): 42-48, 2011"},{"key":"1669_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiao M, Ni S. Different effects of abnormal mechanical stress on temporomandibular joint cartilage, subchondral bone, and discs. Front Physiol 16:1539342, 2025","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2025.1539342"}],"container-title":["Journal of Imaging Informatics in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10278-025-01669-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10278-025-01669-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10278-025-01669-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T09:06:14Z","timestamp":1780391174000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10278-025-01669-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["1669"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10278-025-01669-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2948-2933"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2948-2933","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 August 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 August 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 September 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Akdeniz University Faculty of Medicine Clinical Research Ethics Committee, and the study was conducted according to the ethical rules of the Declaration of Helsinki (Ethics approval number: KAEK-971).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics Approval"}},{"value":"Volunteers were informed about the study, and written consent was obtained from the patients before the study began.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}