{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T19:09:38Z","timestamp":1792696178401,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]],"date-time":"2018-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515369600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]],"date-time":"2018-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54 NS065736"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54 NS065736"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Auton Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-017-0500-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]],"date-time":"2018-01-08T07:19:56Z","timestamp":1515395996000},"page":"215-221","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["First symptoms in multiple system atrophy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Jake H.","family":"McKay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6364-5362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William P.","family":"Cheshire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"500_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000324625.00404.15","volume":"71","author":"S Gilman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gilman S, Wenning GK, Low PA, Brooks DJ, Mathias CJ, Trojanowski JQ, Wood NW, Colosimo C, D\u00fcrr A, Fowler CJ, Kaufmann H, Klockgether T, Lees A, Poewe W, Quinn N, Revesz T, Robertson D, Sandroni P, Seppi K, Vidailhet M (2008) Second consensus statement on the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy. Neurology 71:670\u2013676","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"500_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/117.4.835","volume":"117","author":"GK Wenning","year":"1994","unstructured":"Wenning GK, Ben Shlomo Y, Magalhaes M, Daniel SE, Quinn NP (1994) Clinical features and natural history of multiple system atrophy. An analysis of 100 cases. Brain 117:835\u2013845","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"500_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.49.5.1284","volume":"49","author":"JH Bower","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bower JH, Maraganore DM, McDonnell SK, Rocca WA (1997) Incidence of progressive supranuclear palsy and multiple system atrophy in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1976 to 1990. Neurology 49:1284\u20131288","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"500_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2012-302500","volume":"84","author":"A Bjornsdottir","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bjornsdottir A, Gudmundsson G, Blondal H, Olafsson E (2013) Incidence and prevalence of multiple system atrophy: a nationwide study in Iceland. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 84:136\u2013140","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"500_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1159\/000078506","volume":"23","author":"V Chrysostome","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chrysostome V, Tison F, Yekhlef F, Sourgen C, Baldi I, Dartigues JF (2004) Epidemiology of multiple system atrophy: a prevalence and pilot risk factor study in Aquitaine, France. Neuroepidemiology 23:201\u2013208","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"500_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002086","volume":"85","author":"DS Goldstein","year":"2015","unstructured":"Goldstein DS, Holmes C, Sharabi Y, Wu T (2015) Survival in synucleinopathies: a prospective cohort study. Neurology 85:1554\u20131561","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"500_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00058-7","volume":"14","author":"PA Low","year":"2015","unstructured":"Low PA, Reich SG, Jankovic J, Shults CW, Stern MB, Novak P, Tanner CM, Gilman S, Marshall FJ, Wooten F, Racette B, Chelimsky T, Singer W, Sletten DM, Sandroni P, Mandrekar J, The North American Multiple System Atrophy Study Group (2015) Natural history of multiple system atrophy in North America: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Neurol 14:710\u2013719","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"500_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-015-0686-4","volume":"15","author":"M Matsushima","year":"2016","unstructured":"Matsushima M, Yabe I, Oba K, Sakushima K, Mito Y, Takei A, Houzen H, Tsuzaka K, Yoshida K, Maruo Y, Sasaki H (2016) Comparison of different symptom assessment scales for multiple system atrophy. Cerebellum 15:190\u2013200","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"500_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-017-0449-z","volume":"27","author":"JL Gilden","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gilden JL (2017) The most accurate autonomic function test: the medical history. Clin Auton Res 27:209\u2013210","journal-title":"Clin Auton Res"},{"key":"500_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70301-6","volume":"13","author":"PA Low","year":"2014","unstructured":"Low PA, Robertson D, Gilman S, Kaufmann H, Singer W, Biaggioni I, Freeman R, Perlman S, Hauser RA, Cheshire WP, Lessig S, Vernino S, Mandrekar J, Dupont WD, Chelimsky T, Galpern WR (2014) Efficacy and safety of rifampicin for multiple system atrophy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Neurol 13:268\u2013275","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"500_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-011-0119-5","volume":"21","author":"R Freeman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Freeman R, Wieling W, Axelrod FB, Benditt DG, Benarroch E, Biaggioni I, Cheshire WP, Chelimsky T, Cortelli P, Gibbons CH, Goldstein DS, Hainsworth R, Hilz MJ, Jacob G, Kaufmann H, Jordan J, Lipsitz LA, Levine BD, Low PA, Mathias CJ, Raj SR, Robertson D, Sandroni P, Schatz I, Schondorf R, Stewart JM, van Dijk JG (2011) Consensus statement on the definition of orthostatic hypotension, neurally mediated syncope and the postural tachycardia syndrome. Clin Auton Res 21:69\u201372","journal-title":"Clin Auton Res"},{"key":"500_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)60631-4","volume":"68","author":"PA Low","year":"1993","unstructured":"Low PA (1993) Composite autonomic scoring scale for laboratory quantification of generalized autonomic failure. Mayo Clin Proc 68:748\u2013752","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"500_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24877","volume":"81","author":"H Kaufmann","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kaufmann H, Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Palma JA, Biaggioni I, Low PA, Singer W, Goldstein DS, Peltier AC, Shibao CA, Gibbons CH, Freeman R, Robertson D (2017) Natural history of pure autonomic failure: a United States prospective cohort. Ann Neurol 81:287\u2013297","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"500_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)35246-1","volume":"151","author":"RO Beck","year":"1994","unstructured":"Beck RO, Betts CD, Fowler CJ (1994) Genitourinary dysfunction in multiple system atrophy: clinical features and treatment in 62 cases. J Urol 151:1336\u20131341","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"500_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.12908","volume":"70","author":"JP Mulhall","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mulhall JP, Luo X, Zou KH, Stecher V, Galaznik A (2016) Relationship between age and erectile dysfunction diagnosis or treatment using real-world observational data in the USA. Int J Clin Pract 70:1012\u20131018","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"key":"500_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-009-5255-7","volume":"257","author":"C Colosimo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Colosimo C, Morgante L, Antonini A, Barone P, Avarello TP, Bottacchi E, Cannas A, Ceravolo MG, Ceravolo R, Cicarelli G, Gaglio RM, Giglia L, Iemolo F, Manfredi M, Meco G, Nicoletti A, Pederzoli M, Petrone A, Pisani A, Pontieri FE, Quatrale R, Ramat S, Scala R, Volpe G, Zappulla S, Bentivoglio AR, Stocchi F, Trianni G, Del Dotto P, Simoni L, Marconi R (2010) Non-motor symptoms in atypical and secondary parkinsonism: the PRIAMO study. J Neurol 257:5\u201314","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"500_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870120203","volume":"12","author":"GK Wenning","year":"1997","unstructured":"Wenning GK, Tison F, Ben Shlomo Y, Daniel SE, Quinn NP (1997) Multiple system atrophy: a review of 203 pathologically proven cases. Mov Disord 12:133\u2013147","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"500_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10384","volume":"18","author":"WH Oertel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Oertel WH, W\u00e4chter T, Quinn NP, Ulm G, Brandst\u00e4dter D (2003) Reduced genital sensitivity in female patients with multiple system atrophy of parkinsonian type. Mov Disord 18:430\u2013432","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"500_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70022-4","volume":"11","author":"M Jecmenica-Lukic","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jecmenica-Lukic M, Poewe W, Tolosa E, Wenning GK (2012) Premotor signs and symptoms of multiple system atrophy. Lancet Neurol 11:361\u2013368","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"500_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2016.11.010","volume":"35","author":"F Krismer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Krismer F, Pinter B, Mueller C, Mahlknecht P, Nocker M, Reiter E, Djamshidian-Tehrani A, Boesch SM, Wenning GK, Scherfler C, Poewe W, Seppi K (2017) Sniffing the diagnosis: olfactory testing in neurodegenerative parkinsonism. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 35:36\u201341","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"500_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2009.71","volume":"66","author":"A Lipp","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lipp A, Sandroni P, Ahlskog JE, Fealey RD, Kimpinski K, Iodice V, Gehrking TL, Weigand SD, Sletten DM, Gehrking JA, Nickander KK, Singer W, Maraganore DM, Gilman S, Wenning GK, Shults CW, Low PA (2009) Prospective differentiation of multiple system atrophy from Parkinson disease, with and without autonomic failure. Arch Neurol 66:742\u2013750","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"500_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.68.1.65","volume":"68","author":"R Sakakibara","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sakakibara R, Hattori T, Uchiyama T, Kita K, Asahina M, Suzuki A, Yamanishi T (2000) Urinary dysfunction and orthostatic hypotension in multiple system atrophy: which is the more common and earlier manifestation? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 68:65\u201369","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"500_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2017-315813","author":"S Koga","year":"2017","unstructured":"Koga S, Dickson DW (2017) Recent advances in neuropathology, biomarkers and therapeutic approach of multiple system atrophy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp-2017-315813","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"500_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(89)90219-0","volume":"94","author":"MI Papp","year":"1989","unstructured":"Papp MI, Kahn JE, Lantos PL (1989) Glial cytoplasmic inclusions in the CNS of patients with multiple system atrophy (striatonigral degeneration, olivopontocerebellar atrophy and Shy-Drager syndrome). J Neurol Sci 94:79\u2013100","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"500_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(98)00407-8","volume":"249","author":"K Wakabayashi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wakabayashi K, Yoshimoto M, Tsuji S, Takahashi H (1998) Alpha-synuclein immunoreactivity in glial cytoplasmic inclusions in multiple system atrophy. Neurosci Lett 249:180\u2013182","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"500_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-005-1029-1","volume":"110","author":"K Wakabayashi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wakabayashi K, Mori F, Nishie M, Oyama Y, Kurihara A, Yoshimoto M, Kuroda N (2005) An autopsy case of early (\u201cminimal change\u201d) olivopontocerebellar atrophy (multiple system atrophy-cerebellar). Acta Neuropathol 110:185\u2013190","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"500_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2688","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl109","volume":"129","author":"EE Benarroch","year":"2006","unstructured":"Benarroch EE, Schmeichel AM, Sandroni P, Low PA, Parisi JE (2006) Differential involvement of hypothalamic vasopressin neurons in multiple system atrophy. Brain 129:2688\u20132696","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"500_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.145276","volume":"79","author":"C Gaig","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gaig C, Iranzo A, Tolosa E, Vilaseca I, Rey MJ, Santamaria J (2008) Pathological description of a non-motor variant of multiple system atrophy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 79:1399\u20131400","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"500_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1111\/neup.12037","volume":"33","author":"T Kon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kon T, Mori F, Tanji K, Miki Y, Wakabayashi K (2013) An autopsy case of preclinical multiple system atrophy (MSA-C). Neuropathology 33:667\u2013672","journal-title":"Neuropathology"},{"key":"500_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410X.1997.00249.x","volume":"80","author":"VA Chandiramani","year":"1997","unstructured":"Chandiramani VA, Palace J, Fowler CK (1997) How to recognize patients with parkinsonism who should not have urological surgery. Br J Urol 80:100\u2013104","journal-title":"Br J Urol"}],"container-title":["Clinical Autonomic Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10286-017-0500-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10286-017-0500-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10286-017-0500-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,16]],"date-time":"2020-05-16T16:59:55Z","timestamp":1589648395000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10286-017-0500-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}},"alternative-id":["500"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10286-017-0500-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0959-9851","1619-1560"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0959-9851","type":"print"},{"value":"1619-1560","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 September 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 December 2017","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 January 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"This study received ethical approval from the institutional review board. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"All the authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}