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Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The growing recognition of autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction across a broad spectrum of neurological and systemic diseases calls for structured, multidisciplinary care. This position statement by the European Federation of Autonomic Societies aims to provide guidance on establishing an autonomic unit within a neurology department.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A Task Force appointed by the European Federation of Autonomic Societies board in October 2022 proposed staffing and equipment requirements for autonomic units, based on a literature review, survey data from ANS laboratories, and existing diagnostic guidelines. These propositions were integrated into the initial 25 questions and refined using a modified Delphi method to achieve expert consensus. Consensus was predefined as \u2265\u200980% agreement. Statements that did not reach consensus were revised and reassessed in subsequent rounds.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After three rounds of Delphi surveys, expert consensus was achieved on the minimal and optimal requirements for autonomic unit personnel, technical equipment, and the availability of multidisciplinary care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This European Federation of Autonomic Societies position statement presents practical, expert-based recommendations to promote the development of autonomic units across various healthcare systems. By establishing minimum and optimal standards for staffing, equipment, and interdisciplinary collaboration, the document offers a clear framework for standardizing clinical care and supporting collaborative research. This statement serves as a foundational resource for clinicians, administrators, and policymakers committed to strengthening the ANS care infrastructure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-026-01187-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T14:33:30Z","timestamp":1770734010000},"page":"325-340","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Setting up an autonomic unit within the neurological department: a position statement of the European Federation of Autonomic 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Alessandra Fanciulli: Dr Fanciulli reports royalties from Springer Verlag, speaker fees and honoraria from Abbvie, Bial, CNSystems, Desitin, Elsevier, Ferrer, Ionis, Medtronic, Sanofi, Theravance Biopharma, Austrian Autonomic Society, International Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders Society, and research grants from the Austrian Science Fund, European Reference Network for Rare Neurological Disorders, Medical University of Innsbruck, Mission MSA and Dr Johannes and Hertha Tuba Foundation, outside of the present work. Anne Pavy-Le Traon: The author declares no conflicts of interest. Walter Struhal: The author declares no conflicts of interest. Magdalena Krbot Skori\u0107: Received consultation and\/or speaker fees from Biogen, Novartis, Roche. Luka Crno\u0161ija: The author declares no conflicts of interest. Ivan Adamec: Received consultation and\/or speaker fees from Biogen, Merck, Novartis, Roche, AstraZeneca. Marco Bozzali: The author declares no conflicts of interest. Cristian Falup-Pecurariu: reports editor fees from Springer and Elsevier, speaker fees from Abbvie, Zentiva, Organon, Boehringer Ingelheim and from the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (MDS). Has received funding from ERA4Health Joint Transnational Call for Proposals 2024 NutriBrain (Horizon). Has received funding for clinical trials from AbbVie, Britannia\/Stada. Jens Jordan: Serves as advisor for Theravance Biopharma. Evert Kaal: The author declares no conflicts of interest. Gregor K. Wenning: The author declares no conflicts of interest. Giovanna Calandra Buonaura: The author declares no conflicts of interest. Giacomo Chiaro: The author declares no conflicts of interest. Pietro Cortelli: The author declares no conflicts of interest. Pietro Guaraldi: The author declares no conflicts of interest. Max J Hilz: The author declares no conflicts of interest. Valeria Iodice: Supported by the National Institute for Health Research, University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre and by the Autonomic Charitable Trust (ACT) (Lord Bagri) Research Award. Has received honoraria from Theravance Biopharma not related to this work. Astrid Juhl Terkelsen: Funded by Novo Nordisk Borregaard Clinical Ascending grant (NNF23OC0082689) and has received honorarium from AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk Denmark, Alnylam and Sanofi. Anita Kamondi: The author declares no conflicts of interest. Marc Stefan Dawid Milner: The author declares no conflicts of interest. Diogo Reis Carneiro: The author declares no conflicts of interest. Camilla Rocchi: The author declares no conflicts of interest. Isabel Rocha: The author declares no conflicts of interest. \u0141ukasz Rzepi\u0144ski: The author declares no conflicts of interest. Iva Stankovi\u0107: Received consultancy fee from Ferrer and speaker honoraria from International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society. Beatriz Tijero: The author declares no conflicts of interest. Roland Thijs: Reports lecture and consultancy fees from Medtronic, UCB, Angelini Pharma, Eisai, Theravarance, Zogenix, Novartis, LivAssured, and Arvelle, and grants from Medtronic and NewLife Wearables.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}