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Both subspecies show hostility towards neighboring communities but differ in rates of lethal attacks and female involvement. However, relatively little is known about the territorial behavior of the two other subspecies, central (<jats:italic>P. t. troglodytes<\/jats:italic>) and Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees (<jats:italic>P. t. ellioti<\/jats:italic>). Here, we present the first insights into intercommunity interactions of individuals of a community of central chimpanzees living in the Loango National Park in Gabon. The presence of individuals of neighboring communities in the Rekambo home range was assessed using 27 camera traps. Information was compiled on intergroup interactions recorded before (2005\u20132016) and after (January 2017\u2013June 2019) the habituation of the community. Individuals from neighboring communities entered the core area, where nine out of 16 recorded intercommunity encounters occurred. Males were the main participants in territorial patrols and intercommunity aggressions. Females were part of all six territorial patrols recorded and dependent offspring participated in five patrols. Females were involved in intercommunity aggression in five out of twelve recorded encounters in which there was visual contact between communities. While the intercommunity encounter rate was lower than that reported across most other long-term chimpanzee sites, the annual intercommunity killing rate was among the highest. These results suggest that the frequency of lethal attacks at Loango is comparable to that reported for the eastern subspecies. In contrast, female involvement in intercommunity interactions mirrors that of the western subspecies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s10329-021-00921-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]],"date-time":"2021-06-17T14:03:59Z","timestamp":1623938639000},"page":"709-722","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Intercommunity interactions and killings in central chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) from Loango National Park, Gabon"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2880-1163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Mart\u00ednez-\u00cd\u00f1igo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pauline","family":"Baas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1925-5049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harmonie","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4398-2337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Pika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9873-316X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tobias","family":"Deschner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"921_CR1","unstructured":"Amsler S (2009) Ranging behavior and territoriality in chimpanzees at Ngogo, Kibale National Park, Uganda. 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Behaviour 144:1599\u20131619. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/156853907782512092","journal-title":"Behaviour"}],"container-title":["Primates"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10329-021-00921-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10329-021-00921-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10329-021-00921-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,5]],"date-time":"2023-11-05T01:09:53Z","timestamp":1699146593000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10329-021-00921-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["921"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10329-021-00921-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-8332","1610-7365"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-8332","type":"print"},{"value":"1610-7365","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 October 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 May 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 June 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Our study was purely observational and noninvasive. Researchers followed a strict hygiene protocol (Gilardi et al.). Researchers quarantine for five days before following the chimpanzees. In addition, researchers disinfect their hands before entering the forest, wear face masks, and keep a minimum distance of eight meters between themselves and the chimpanzees to avoid disease transmission from humans to chimpanzees and not disturb the natural behavior of the observed individuals. Research protocols adhered to the legal requirements of Gabon and followed the recommendations of the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986, as published by the government of the United Kingdom. The research also followed the principles of ethical treatment of non-human primates, as stated by the American Society of Primatologists. The Agence Nationale des Parcs Nationaux, and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique of Gabon, Libreville, Gabon, granted permission to carry out research at the Loango National Park.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}}]}}