{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T21:12:03Z","timestamp":1791666723932,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]],"date-time":"2018-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535673600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002996","name":"Hartstichting","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002996","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006775","name":"GE Healthcare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006775","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Magn Reson Mater Phy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s10334-018-0702-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]],"date-time":"2018-08-31T02:50:02Z","timestamp":1535683802000},"page":"269-279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Evaluation of atrial septal defects with 4D flow MRI\u2014multilevel and inter-reader reproducibility for quantification of shunt severity"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Raluca G.","family":"Chelu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Horowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominica","family":"Sucha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabella","family":"Kardys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Delphine","family":"Ingremeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shreyas","family":"Vasanawala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koen","family":"Nieman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Francois","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"21","key":"702_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.08.025","volume":"58","author":"D Linde Van Der","year":"2011","unstructured":"Van Der Linde D, Konings EEM, Slager MA et al (2011) Birth prevalence of congenital heart disease worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol Elsevier Inc 58(21):2241\u20132247. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.08.025","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol Elsevier Inc"},{"issue":"23","key":"702_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2915","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq249","volume":"31","author":"H Baumgartner","year":"2010","unstructured":"Baumgartner H, Bonhoeffer P, De Groot NMS et al (2010) ESC Guidelines for the management of grown-up congenital heart disease (new version 2010). Eur Heart J 31(23):2915\u20132957","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"702_CR3","unstructured":"Roos-Hesselink JW, Meijboom FJ, Spitaels SEC et al (2003) Excellent survival and low incidence of arrhythmias, stroke and heart failure long-term after surgical ASD closure at young age. A prospective follow-up study of 21\u201333\u00a0years. Eur Heart J 24(2):190\u2013197. \n                    http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12573276\n                    \n                  . Accessed Feb 27 2017"},{"key":"702_CR4","unstructured":"Cuypers JAAE, Opi\u0107 P, Menting ME et al (2013) The unnatural history of an atrial septal defect: longitudinal 35\u00a0year follow up after surgical closure at young age. Heart BMJ Publ Group Ltd British Cardiovascular Soc 99(18):1346\u20131352. \n                    http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/23886606\n                    \n                  . Accessed Feb 24 2017"},{"key":"702_CR5","unstructured":"Warnes CA, Williams RG, Bashore TM et al (2008) ACC\/AHA 2008 Guidelines for the management of adults with congenital heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines (writing committee to develop guidelines on the management of a. Circulation 118(23):e714\u2013e833. \n                    http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18997169\n                    \n                  . Accessed December 2, 2014"},{"key":"702_CR6","unstructured":"Roest AA, Helbing WA, van der Wall EE, de Roos A (1999) Postoperative evaluation of congenital heart disease by magnetic resonance imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging 10(5):656\u2013666. \n                    http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/10548773\n                    \n                  . Accessed June 28 2017"},{"key":"702_CR7","unstructured":"Beerbaum P, Parish V, Bell A, Gieseke J, K\u00f6rperich H, Sarikouch S (2008) Atypical atrial septal defects in children: noninvasive evaluation by cardiac MRI. Pediatr Radiol 38(11):1188\u20131194. \n                    http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18787816\n                    \n                  . Accessed June 28 2017"},{"key":"702_CR8","unstructured":"Valsangiacomo Buechel ER, Grosse-Wortmann L, Fratz S, et al (2015) Indications for cardiovascular magnetic resonance in children with congenital and acquired heart disease: an expert consensus paper of the Imaging Working Group of the AEPC and the cardiovascular magnetic resonance section of the EACVI. Cardiol Young 1\u201320. \n                    http:\/\/www.journals.cambridge.org\/abstract_S1047951115000025"},{"issue":"1","key":"702_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.108.769786","volume":"1","author":"LEJ Thomson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Thomson LEJ, Crowley AL, Heitner JF et al (2008) Direct en face imaging of secundum atrial septal defects by velocity-encoded cardiovascular magnetic resonance in patients evaluated for possible transcatheter closure. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 1(1):31\u201340","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"issue":"11","key":"702_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000087603.97036.C2","volume":"108","author":"P Beerbaum","year":"2003","unstructured":"Beerbaum P, K\u00f6rperich H, Gieseke J, Barth P, Peuster M, Meyer H (2003) Rapid left-to-right shunt quantification in children by phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging combined with sensitivity encoding. Circulation 108(11):1355\u20131361","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"702_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vasanawala SS, Hanneman K, Alley MT, Hsiao A (2015) Congenital heart disease assessment with 4D flow MRI, J Magn Reson Imaging 4. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmri.24856\n                    \n                  . \n                    http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25708923\n                    \n                  . (Epub 2015 Feb 24)","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24856"},{"issue":"3","key":"702_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W250","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.11.6969","volume":"198","author":"A Hsiao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hsiao A, Lustig M, Alley MT et al (2012) Rapid pediatric cardiac assessment of flow and ventricular volume with compressed sensing parallel imaging volumetric cine phase-contrast MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol 198(3):W250\u2013W259","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"702_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hanneman K, Kino A, Cheng JY, Alley MT, Vasanawala SS, Hospital TG (2016) Assessment of the precision and reproducibility of ventricular volume, function and mass measurements with ferumoxytol enhanced 4D flow MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 44(2):383\u2013392. \n                    https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4947013\/pdf\/nihms772886.pdf","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25180"},{"issue":"1","key":"702_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-018-0432-4","volume":"20","author":"VM Stoll","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stoll VM, Loudon M, Eriksson J et al (2018) Test-retest variability of left ventricular 4D flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance measurements in healthy subjects. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 20(1):15. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12968-018-0432-4","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"key":"702_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hanneman K, Sivagnanam M, Nguyen ET et al (2014) Magnetic resonance assessment of pulmonary (Q\n                           P) to systemic (Q\n                           S) flows using 4D phase-contrast imaging: pilot study comparison with standard through-plane 2D phase-contrast imaging. Acad Radiol Elsevier Ltd 21(8):1002\u20131008. \n                    http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.acra.2014.04.012\n                    \n                  . Accessed June 23 2015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2014.04.012"},{"key":"702_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-010-9782-x","volume":"31","author":"I Valverde","year":"2010","unstructured":"Valverde I, Simpson J, Schaeffter T, Beerbaum P (2010) 4D phase-contrast flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance: comprehensive quantification and visualization of flow dynamics in atrial septal defect and partial anomalous pulmonary venous return. Pediatr Cardiol 31:1244\u20131248","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol"},{"key":"702_CR17","unstructured":"Hsiao A, Yousaf U, Alley MT et al (2015) Improved quantification and mapping of anomalous pulmonary venous flow with four-dimensional phase-contrast MRI and interactive streamline rendering. J Magn Reson Imaging. \n                    http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25914149\n                    \n                  . Accessed June 5 2015"},{"key":"702_CR18","unstructured":"Tariq U, Hsiao A, Alley M, Zhang T, Lustig M, Vasanawala SS (2013) Venous and arterial flow quantification are equally accurate and precise with parallel imaging compressed sensing 4D phase contrast MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 37(6):1419\u20131426. \n                    http:\/\/www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov\/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3582745&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract\n                    \n                  . Accessed Sept 21 2015"},{"key":"702_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chelu RG, Wanambiro KW, Hsiao A et al (2016) Cloud-processed 4D CMR flow imaging for pulmonary flow quantification. Eur J Radiol Elsevier Ireland Ltd 85(10):1849\u20131856. \n                    http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejrad.2016.07.018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2016.07.018"},{"issue":"2","key":"702_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.25180","volume":"44","author":"K Hanneman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hanneman K, Kino A, Cheng JY, Alley MT, Vasanawala SS, Hospital TG (2016) Assessment of the precision and reproducibility of ventricular volume, function and mass measurements with ferumoxytol enhanced 4D flow MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 44(2):383\u2013392","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"702_CR21","unstructured":"Martin Bland J, Altman D (1986) Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet 327(8476):307\u2013310. \n                    http:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0140673686908378\n                    \n                  . Accessed Feb 27 2017"},{"key":"702_CR22","unstructured":"Spearman\u2019s correlation. \n                    http:\/\/www.statstutor.ac.uk\/resources\/uploaded\/spearmans.pdf\n                    \n                  . Accessed Aug 22 2017"},{"key":"702_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Markl M, Wallis W, Harloff A. Reproducibility of flow and wall shear stress analysis using flow-sensitive four-dimensional MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2011;33(4):988\u2013994. \n                    http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21448968\n                    \n                  . Accessed June 28 2017","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22519"},{"key":"702_CR24","unstructured":"van Ooij P, Powell AL, Potters WV, Carr JC, Markl M, J and BA (2016) Reproducibility and interobserver variability of systolic blood flow velocity and 3D wall shear stress derived from 4D flow MRI in the healthy aorta. J Magn Reson Imaging. 43(1):236\u2013248. \n                    http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26140480\n                    \n                  . Accessed Sept 5 2017"},{"key":"702_CR25","unstructured":"Bissell MM, Hess AT, Biasiolli L et al (2013) Aortic dilation in bicuspid aortic valve disease: flow pattern is a major contributor and differs with valve fusion type. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 6(4):499\u2013507. \n                    http:\/\/www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov\/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3859916&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract\n                    \n                  . Accessed Dec 13 2014"},{"issue":"6","key":"702_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-010-1932-z","volume":"41","author":"A Hsiao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hsiao A, Alley MT, Massaband P, Herfkens RJ, Chan FP, Vasanawala SS (2011) Improved cardiovascular flow quantification with time-resolved volumetric phase-contrast MRI. Pediatr Radiol 41(6):711\u2013720","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"702_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22051","volume":"636","author":"KRO Brien","year":"2009","unstructured":"Brien KRO, Myerson SG, Cowan BR, Young AA, Robson MD (2009) Phase contrast ultrashort te: a more reliable technique for measurement of high-velocity turbulent stenotic jets. Magn Reson Med 636:626\u2013636","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"702_CR28","unstructured":"Callaghan FM, Grieve SM (2016) Spatial resolution and velocity field improvement of 4D-flow MRI. Magn Reson Med. \n                    http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27885707\n                    \n                  . Accessed June 28 2017"},{"key":"702_CR29","unstructured":"Stalder AF, Russe MF, Frydrychowicz A, Bock J, Hennig J, Markl M (2008) Quantitative 2D and 3D phase contrast MRI: optimized analysis of blood flow and vessel wall parameters. Magn Reson Med 60(5):1218\u20131231. \n                    http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/18956416\n                    \n                  . Accessed June 28 2017"},{"key":"702_CR30","unstructured":"Ha H, Kim GB, Kweon J, et al (2016) Multi-VENC acquisition of four-dimensional phase-contrast MRI to improve precision of velocity field measurement. Magn Reson Med 75(5):1909\u20131919. \n                    http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/mrm.25715\n                    \n                  . Accessed June 28 2017"},{"key":"702_CR31","unstructured":"Callaghan FM, Kozor R, Sherrah AG et al (2016) Use of multi-velocity encoding 4D flow MRI to improve quantification of flow patterns in the aorta. J Magn Reson Imaging 43(2):352\u2013363. \n                    http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/jmri.24991\n                    \n                  . Accessed June 28 2017"},{"key":"702_CR32","unstructured":"Lawley CM, Broadhouse KM, Callaghan FM, Winlaw DS, Figtree GA, Grieve SM (2017) 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging: role in pediatric congenital heart disease. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 218492317694248. \n                    http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0218492317694248\n                    \n                  . Accessed June 28 2017"},{"key":"702_CR33","unstructured":"Kanski M, T\u00f6ger J, Steding-Ehrenborg K et al (2015) Whole-heart four-dimensional flow can be acquired with preserved quality without respiratory gating, facilitating clinical use: a head-to-head comparison. BMC Med Imaging 15(1):20. \n                    http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/26080805\n                    \n                  . Accessed June 28 2017"},{"key":"702_CR34","unstructured":"Yamasaki Y, Nagao M, Kawanami S et al (2017) One-stop shop assessment for atrial septal defect closure using 256-slice coronary CT angiography. Eur Radiol 27(2):697\u2013704. \n                    http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27236816\n                    \n                  . Accessed Feb 20 2017"},{"key":"702_CR35","unstructured":"Kamphuis VP, van der Palen RLF, de Koning PJH et al (2017) In-scan and scan-rescan assessment of LV in- and outflow volumes by 4D flow MRI versus 2D planimetry. J Magn Reson Imaging. \n                    http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/jmri.25792\n                    \n                  . Accessed Sept 5 2017"},{"key":"702_CR36","unstructured":"Bollache E, van Ooij P, Powell A, Carr J, Markl M, Barker AJ (2016) Comparison of 4D flow and 2D velocity-encoded phase contrast MRI sequences for the evaluation of aortic hemodynamics. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 32(10):1529\u20131541. \n                    http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10554-016-0938-5\n                    \n                  . Accessed June 28 2017"}],"container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10334-018-0702-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10334-018-0702-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s10334-018-0702-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,20]],"date-time":"2019-09-20T02:44:59Z","timestamp":1568947499000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s10334-018-0702-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}},"alternative-id":["702"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10334-018-0702-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["0968-5243","1352-8661"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0968-5243","type":"print"},{"value":"1352-8661","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 March 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 August 2018","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 August 2018","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 August 2018","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"R.G. Chelu received funding for research from GE Healthcare and is a consultant to Arterys, Inc. J.W. Roos-Hesellink received a grant from the Dutch Heart Foundation. K. Nieman reports non-financial support from Siemens Medical Solutions and grants from GE Healthcare and Bayer Healthcare, outside the submitted work. S.S. Vasanawala is involved in research collaboration with GE Healthcare, is founder of and consultant to Arterys, Inc., and received a research grant from Bayer AG. A. Hsiao is founder of and consultant to Arterys, Inc., and received a research grant from GE Healthcare. The rest of the authors report no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Patient studies were aggregated from multiple centers and approved by each local IRB, including either a waiver of consent or prospective enrollment with signed consent, as deemed appropriate by each center. The study protocol was compliant with the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical standards"}}]}}